{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:JWHN6FXWRZLWYMVSUZCKI4IQJO","short_pith_number":"pith:JWHN6FXW","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2510.00831","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2025-10-01T12:44:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","eess.SP"],"title_canon_sha256":"f72148f4d4f2eed747e49373c8f896a5f2409a2c8f2a7bbf2bb891e98afa9624","abstract_canon_sha256":"bdf8fadfdf350c24b509ae2b6411950c5cd3a247a72ffd0fda784b01742de44d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4d8edf16f68e576c32b2a644a471104bb8e9978f545890f3317357b2fde2d188","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2510.00831","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2510.00831","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2510.00831v2","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2510.00831","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JWHN6FXWRZLW","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JWHN6FXWRZLWYMVS","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JWHN6FXW","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:JWHN6FXWRZLWYMVSUZCKI4IQJO","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2510.00831","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2025-10-01T12:44:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","eess.SP"],"title_canon_sha256":"f72148f4d4f2eed747e49373c8f896a5f2409a2c8f2a7bbf2bb891e98afa9624","abstract_canon_sha256":"bdf8fadfdf350c24b509ae2b6411950c5cd3a247a72ffd0fda784b01742de44d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4d8edf16f68e576c32b2a644a471104bb8e9978f545890f3317357b2fde2d188","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15.353347Z","signature_b64":"QHAX/E3o5YzUtQjV9ra3hXSIpGFIARGk99J6Dj+Z1gJxaadZstOlWl0STa+IwmsPVnOneYCuHTVx3fy2EMBeAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4d8edf16f68e576c32b2a644a471104bb8e9978f545890f3317357b2fde2d188","last_reissued_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15.352906Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15.352906Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2510.00831","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"1A36IkK5D6tt6wMeac0efig+d34CQi95guskodYEFjRM0ieqdsZvJDSiJAhTg0xR7BiFnkYy6Rdnt/EUarpMAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T14:11:52.368380Z"},"content_sha256":"13dea21f095bfc5450954bb8d3dd50dbbdb21799b630f6ea2a013e084b7ad3ed","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:13dea21f095bfc5450954bb8d3dd50dbbdb21799b630f6ea2a013e084b7ad3ed"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:JWHN6FXWRZLWYMVSUZCKI4IQJO","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Controlled Comparison of Machine Learning Models for Fault Classification and Localization in Power System Protection","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG","eess.SP"],"primary_cat":"cs.AI","authors_text":"Andreas Maier, Changhun Kim, Christian Bergler, Georg Kordowich, Johann J\\\"ager, Julian Oelhaf, Paula Andrea P\\'erez-Toro, Siming Bayer","submitted_at":"2025-10-01T12:44:14Z","abstract_excerpt":"The increasing complexity of modern power systems, driven by the integration of inverter-based and distributed energy resources, challenges the reliability of conventional protection schemes and motivates the use of machine learning for protection tasks. However, published results are often difficult to compare because datasets, sensing assumptions, and decision horizons vary across studies. This paper presents a controlled comparison of machine learning models for fault classification (FC) and fault localization (FL) under identical sensing, timing, and validation conditions on a common elect"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2510.00831","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2510.00831/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Sh8q9ClohmKgzfb+6rQ99wtIi92HkT4umqFr/glip5v6phTlI7ZX7TIx5RF7ah/JkJfHvLGvKpQqoLXrXvcsCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T14:11:52.368704Z"},"content_sha256":"cfef9203a010cfdc661da45d0dbbccf0eb2c5d53fff648ea8d9f2a0a0b8b498d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cfef9203a010cfdc661da45d0dbbccf0eb2c5d53fff648ea8d9f2a0a0b8b498d"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JWHN6FXWRZLWYMVSUZCKI4IQJO/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JWHN6FXWRZLWYMVSUZCKI4IQJO/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JWHN6FXWRZLWYMVSUZCKI4IQJO/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-05T14:11:52Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/JWHN6FXWRZLWYMVSUZCKI4IQJO","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/JWHN6FXWRZLWYMVSUZCKI4IQJO/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/JWHN6FXWRZLWYMVSUZCKI4IQJO/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JWHN6FXWRZLWYMVSUZCKI4IQJO/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:JWHN6FXWRZLWYMVSUZCKI4IQJO","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bdf8fadfdf350c24b509ae2b6411950c5cd3a247a72ffd0fda784b01742de44d","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","eess.SP"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2025-10-01T12:44:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"f72148f4d4f2eed747e49373c8f896a5f2409a2c8f2a7bbf2bb891e98afa9624"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2510.00831","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2510.00831","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2510.00831v2","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2510.00831","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JWHN6FXWRZLW","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JWHN6FXWRZLWYMVS","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JWHN6FXW","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:cfef9203a010cfdc661da45d0dbbccf0eb2c5d53fff648ea8d9f2a0a0b8b498d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2510.00831/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The increasing complexity of modern power systems, driven by the integration of inverter-based and distributed energy resources, challenges the reliability of conventional protection schemes and motivates the use of machine learning for protection tasks. However, published results are often difficult to compare because datasets, sensing assumptions, and decision horizons vary across studies. This paper presents a controlled comparison of machine learning models for fault classification (FC) and fault localization (FL) under identical sensing, timing, and validation conditions on a common elect","authors_text":"Andreas Maier, Changhun Kim, Christian Bergler, Georg Kordowich, Johann J\\\"ager, Julian Oelhaf, Paula Andrea P\\'erez-Toro, Siming Bayer","cross_cats":["cs.LG","eess.SP"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2025-10-01T12:44:14Z","title":"Controlled Comparison of Machine Learning Models for Fault Classification and Localization in Power System Protection"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2510.00831","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:13dea21f095bfc5450954bb8d3dd50dbbdb21799b630f6ea2a013e084b7ad3ed","target":"record","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bdf8fadfdf350c24b509ae2b6411950c5cd3a247a72ffd0fda784b01742de44d","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","eess.SP"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2025-10-01T12:44:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"f72148f4d4f2eed747e49373c8f896a5f2409a2c8f2a7bbf2bb891e98afa9624"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2510.00831","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"4d8edf16f68e576c32b2a644a471104bb8e9978f545890f3317357b2fde2d188","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4d8edf16f68e576c32b2a644a471104bb8e9978f545890f3317357b2fde2d188","first_computed_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15.352906Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15.352906Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"QHAX/E3o5YzUtQjV9ra3hXSIpGFIARGk99J6Dj+Z1gJxaadZstOlWl0STa+IwmsPVnOneYCuHTVx3fy2EMBeAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-06-19T16:12:15.353347Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2510.00831","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:13dea21f095bfc5450954bb8d3dd50dbbdb21799b630f6ea2a013e084b7ad3ed","sha256:cfef9203a010cfdc661da45d0dbbccf0eb2c5d53fff648ea8d9f2a0a0b8b498d"],"state_sha256":"1a1046c138b486de8421a452b8951d9ff9789d04fcd4e52b151025aca892bb46"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nCQ2zIb1N4Jeuta4SklFYF1tcYjZhn+T8cTccaE3fY2n7PBlzicVyd9lRGb0wmd5PMqe3opieiQQaLnGjK6FBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T14:11:52.371868Z","bundle_sha256":"cfe49638ba3f73437e79f7b590552b6fbdae1857eadf27addb81d1f4a875fe96"}}