{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:JZLJEVIRGM5IF4L5XI6JFZ6ECA","short_pith_number":"pith:JZLJEVIR","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2309.09023","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2023-09-16T15:33:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.atom-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"a6116219102c6d8d87869567c1e555e1053a6bcbd6429a220af35971f6fbb316","abstract_canon_sha256":"5ce88676130cfed7a1cf8f0f71679e713270c903f2e743e6184d4458686d4954"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4e56925511333a82f17dba3c92e7c4101db438248e5e35b16112c9dbdc450ced","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2309.09023","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2309.09023","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2309.09023v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2309.09023","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JZLJEVIRGM5I","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JZLJEVIRGM5IF4L5","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JZLJEVIR","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:JZLJEVIRGM5IF4L5XI6JFZ6ECA","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2309.09023","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2023-09-16T15:33:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.atom-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"a6116219102c6d8d87869567c1e555e1053a6bcbd6429a220af35971f6fbb316","abstract_canon_sha256":"5ce88676130cfed7a1cf8f0f71679e713270c903f2e743e6184d4458686d4954"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4e56925511333a82f17dba3c92e7c4101db438248e5e35b16112c9dbdc450ced","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43.675643Z","signature_b64":"hnRllWN4qLy2uyyRFFG+rhIruwZI7orAlWTbY3QIWXFxgNYRLYMpas0tfjNfubesWcQeW8E9zGTK8AuSJUxDBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4e56925511333a82f17dba3c92e7c4101db438248e5e35b16112c9dbdc450ced","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43.675174Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43.675174Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2309.09023","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zU3Rhy+/j833UwE6RNOR3KP0Qe1hFKooOOVlXR8QqwnwFSjJ4RXMLlpwqDqM+G/yrB6EH8tAT0ox7diTewBYAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T21:38:07.255032Z"},"content_sha256":"428b3635b6bd174b73c6719d8261b5dfd89a50fe407005bb23e514441dbbb621","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:428b3635b6bd174b73c6719d8261b5dfd89a50fe407005bb23e514441dbbb621"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:JZLJEVIRGM5IF4L5XI6JFZ6ECA","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"An isotropic antenna based on Rydberg atoms","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.atom-ph"],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Hao Zhang, Liantuan Xiao, Linjie Zhang, Mingyong Jing, Shaoxin Yuan, Suotang Jia","submitted_at":"2023-09-16T15:33:40Z","abstract_excerpt":"Governed by the hairy ball theorem, classical antennas with isotropic responses to linearly polarized radio waves are unrealizable. This work shows that the antenna based on Rydberg atoms can theoretically achieve an ideal isotropic response to linearly polarized radio waves; that is, it has zero isotropic deviation. Experimental results of isotropic deviation within 5 dB, and 0.3 dB achievable after optimization, in microwave and terahertz wave measurements support the theory and are at least 15 dB improvement than the classical omnidirectional antenna. Combined with the SI traceable and ultr"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2309.09023","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2309.09023/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"FrptD9zTYVXE6xKRdgbjfpQgY12zUVaEGl8QHZFy5DgQfcsAbBrCqV+dKno6HYB9UjfP941R1Z1oxH8Cxs1IDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T21:38:07.255428Z"},"content_sha256":"c71e7b97e1152defed8fed502ac4c5995789cc880900692cc54313b85d95aef6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c71e7b97e1152defed8fed502ac4c5995789cc880900692cc54313b85d95aef6"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JZLJEVIRGM5IF4L5XI6JFZ6ECA/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JZLJEVIRGM5IF4L5XI6JFZ6ECA/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JZLJEVIRGM5IF4L5XI6JFZ6ECA/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-04T21:38:07Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/JZLJEVIRGM5IF4L5XI6JFZ6ECA","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/JZLJEVIRGM5IF4L5XI6JFZ6ECA/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/JZLJEVIRGM5IF4L5XI6JFZ6ECA/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JZLJEVIRGM5IF4L5XI6JFZ6ECA/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:JZLJEVIRGM5IF4L5XI6JFZ6ECA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5ce88676130cfed7a1cf8f0f71679e713270c903f2e743e6184d4458686d4954","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.atom-ph"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2023-09-16T15:33:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"a6116219102c6d8d87869567c1e555e1053a6bcbd6429a220af35971f6fbb316"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2309.09023","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2309.09023","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2309.09023v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2309.09023","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JZLJEVIRGM5I","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JZLJEVIRGM5IF4L5","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JZLJEVIR","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c71e7b97e1152defed8fed502ac4c5995789cc880900692cc54313b85d95aef6","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2309.09023/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Governed by the hairy ball theorem, classical antennas with isotropic responses to linearly polarized radio waves are unrealizable. This work shows that the antenna based on Rydberg atoms can theoretically achieve an ideal isotropic response to linearly polarized radio waves; that is, it has zero isotropic deviation. Experimental results of isotropic deviation within 5 dB, and 0.3 dB achievable after optimization, in microwave and terahertz wave measurements support the theory and are at least 15 dB improvement than the classical omnidirectional antenna. Combined with the SI traceable and ultr","authors_text":"Hao Zhang, Liantuan Xiao, Linjie Zhang, Mingyong Jing, Shaoxin Yuan, Suotang Jia","cross_cats":["physics.atom-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2023-09-16T15:33:40Z","title":"An isotropic antenna based on Rydberg atoms"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2309.09023","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:428b3635b6bd174b73c6719d8261b5dfd89a50fe407005bb23e514441dbbb621","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5ce88676130cfed7a1cf8f0f71679e713270c903f2e743e6184d4458686d4954","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.atom-ph"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2023-09-16T15:33:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"a6116219102c6d8d87869567c1e555e1053a6bcbd6429a220af35971f6fbb316"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2309.09023","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"4e56925511333a82f17dba3c92e7c4101db438248e5e35b16112c9dbdc450ced","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4e56925511333a82f17dba3c92e7c4101db438248e5e35b16112c9dbdc450ced","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43.675174Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43.675174Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"hnRllWN4qLy2uyyRFFG+rhIruwZI7orAlWTbY3QIWXFxgNYRLYMpas0tfjNfubesWcQeW8E9zGTK8AuSJUxDBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:57:43.675643Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2309.09023","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:428b3635b6bd174b73c6719d8261b5dfd89a50fe407005bb23e514441dbbb621","sha256:c71e7b97e1152defed8fed502ac4c5995789cc880900692cc54313b85d95aef6"],"state_sha256":"48351c43040dc9a294c0605167d6c39a7c80600f25e5ab77af7ffda39f0de4a8"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tEANireJz54f7WiRyW9spl0AFb38DgN8cCk338oDZAeGW0Y+pxCTx7+VS1cmLFQ8CrqkOIstEzUUNn1gspWJDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T21:38:07.257873Z","bundle_sha256":"780a020038b59f7d5f47752bef6f1a1048776b63f16dedfecd7bb700a733ca16"}}