{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:JZVUCHV2LHBEV4XC6LD3LZGDBP","short_pith_number":"pith:JZVUCHV2","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1506.07965","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2015-06-26T06:41:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"title_canon_sha256":"80c94a3150948ca1d5b78a7d5a2f5ab3268fbac32d6ecbd31185487ad457cb42","abstract_canon_sha256":"09048c7da8942a3d4280e99b4f6fde516c69880416037f46288fb428b9382a81"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4e6b411eba59c24af2e2f2c7b5e4c30bf72f6c551321529feab215345ec63ade","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1506.07965","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1506.07965","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:24:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1506.07965v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:24:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1506.07965","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:24:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JZVUCHV2LHBE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JZVUCHV2LHBEV4XC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JZVUCHV2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:27Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:JZVUCHV2LHBEV4XC6LD3LZGDBP","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1506.07965","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2015-06-26T06:41:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"title_canon_sha256":"80c94a3150948ca1d5b78a7d5a2f5ab3268fbac32d6ecbd31185487ad457cb42","abstract_canon_sha256":"09048c7da8942a3d4280e99b4f6fde516c69880416037f46288fb428b9382a81"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4e6b411eba59c24af2e2f2c7b5e4c30bf72f6c551321529feab215345ec63ade","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:24:18.854445Z","signature_b64":"hsaNrNPVCcd+BwbLqJqi4rmFGpYhSZDKKg+HD3MsnGpaPAT75AyKD94Fr/nIb6jHIyIORCq3RlSw2N0F0M1CCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4e6b411eba59c24af2e2f2c7b5e4c30bf72f6c551321529feab215345ec63ade","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:24:18.854050Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:24:18.854050Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1506.07965","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:24:18Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"NYfViLlcn3mumjrvif8kZ+xdVLHulRepVobWlY/qaWDpbeJuvPKk76K3Qp97AYEvqA89kEZrqP4Hq5oFiVjiCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T18:50:38.579087Z"},"content_sha256":"bf5f8f8cd862afb6544ee836f10aee3c74d07b172f97804c658e276ae5ea8530","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bf5f8f8cd862afb6544ee836f10aee3c74d07b172f97804c658e276ae5ea8530"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:JZVUCHV2LHBEV4XC6LD3LZGDBP","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Observation of Valley-polarized Landau Levels in Strained Graphene","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"Jia-Bin Qiao, Ke-Ke Bai, Lin He, Long-Jing Yin, Si-Yu Li, Wen-Xiao Wang","submitted_at":"2015-06-26T06:41:30Z","abstract_excerpt":"In strained graphene, lattice deformation can create pseudo-magnetic fields and result in zero-field Landau level-like quantization. In the presence of an external magnetic field, valley-polarized Landau levels are predicted to be observed because the pseudo-magnetic fields are of opposite directions in the K and K' valleys of graphene. Here, we present experimental spectroscopic measurements by scanning tunneling microscopy of strained graphene on Rh foil. We direct observed valley splitting of the Landau level induced by the coexistence of the pseudo-magnetic fields and external magnetic fie"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1506.07965","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:24:18Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"JsbGWID9PzeVyFYodlk5U68FFqq37yx4NzaoUSazyD7cE9kQ1gGeW7iRIi2Idis7me1TmSq2uI2OkcTj4LniBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T18:50:38.579717Z"},"content_sha256":"e961d28336041ad07cb6fbba567115f3413d15bb39494731fd50b593ef4317ae","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e961d28336041ad07cb6fbba567115f3413d15bb39494731fd50b593ef4317ae"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JZVUCHV2LHBEV4XC6LD3LZGDBP/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JZVUCHV2LHBEV4XC6LD3LZGDBP/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JZVUCHV2LHBEV4XC6LD3LZGDBP/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-30T18:50:38Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/JZVUCHV2LHBEV4XC6LD3LZGDBP","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/JZVUCHV2LHBEV4XC6LD3LZGDBP/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/JZVUCHV2LHBEV4XC6LD3LZGDBP/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JZVUCHV2LHBEV4XC6LD3LZGDBP/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:JZVUCHV2LHBEV4XC6LD3LZGDBP","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"09048c7da8942a3d4280e99b4f6fde516c69880416037f46288fb428b9382a81","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2015-06-26T06:41:30Z","title_canon_sha256":"80c94a3150948ca1d5b78a7d5a2f5ab3268fbac32d6ecbd31185487ad457cb42"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1506.07965","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1506.07965","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:24:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1506.07965v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:24:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1506.07965","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:24:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JZVUCHV2LHBE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JZVUCHV2LHBEV4XC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JZVUCHV2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:27Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e961d28336041ad07cb6fbba567115f3413d15bb39494731fd50b593ef4317ae","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:24:18Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In strained graphene, lattice deformation can create pseudo-magnetic fields and result in zero-field Landau level-like quantization. In the presence of an external magnetic field, valley-polarized Landau levels are predicted to be observed because the pseudo-magnetic fields are of opposite directions in the K and K' valleys of graphene. Here, we present experimental spectroscopic measurements by scanning tunneling microscopy of strained graphene on Rh foil. We direct observed valley splitting of the Landau level induced by the coexistence of the pseudo-magnetic fields and external magnetic fie","authors_text":"Jia-Bin Qiao, Ke-Ke Bai, Lin He, Long-Jing Yin, Si-Yu Li, Wen-Xiao Wang","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2015-06-26T06:41:30Z","title":"Observation of Valley-polarized Landau Levels in Strained Graphene"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1506.07965","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:bf5f8f8cd862afb6544ee836f10aee3c74d07b172f97804c658e276ae5ea8530","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:24:18Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"09048c7da8942a3d4280e99b4f6fde516c69880416037f46288fb428b9382a81","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2015-06-26T06:41:30Z","title_canon_sha256":"80c94a3150948ca1d5b78a7d5a2f5ab3268fbac32d6ecbd31185487ad457cb42"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1506.07965","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"4e6b411eba59c24af2e2f2c7b5e4c30bf72f6c551321529feab215345ec63ade","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4e6b411eba59c24af2e2f2c7b5e4c30bf72f6c551321529feab215345ec63ade","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:24:18.854050Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:24:18.854050Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"hsaNrNPVCcd+BwbLqJqi4rmFGpYhSZDKKg+HD3MsnGpaPAT75AyKD94Fr/nIb6jHIyIORCq3RlSw2N0F0M1CCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:24:18.854445Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1506.07965","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:bf5f8f8cd862afb6544ee836f10aee3c74d07b172f97804c658e276ae5ea8530","sha256:e961d28336041ad07cb6fbba567115f3413d15bb39494731fd50b593ef4317ae"],"state_sha256":"ae8aad14edc4fb80ca304b4b1d2f94b49602c80a763358f6766e32b29b7f90ad"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"BgR9W9gvxqt59mjvv4ehUeeCf3SRJXgtY9cXqt23Glwg7NuBHGg2m5RUbf8QbmZg9txRC23/FnfHoABXYymKBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T18:50:38.584347Z","bundle_sha256":"fb7b12ce3ad3e7e851d4a6dc83331f7215fddf010bd848fc966f56b7ffa2b95c"}}