{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:JZXY6JNP2M44YUVNMYUQWL2245","short_pith_number":"pith:JZXY6JNP","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.08866","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-06-10T14:56:21Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"76b4ed8e0359a0793b55d3202a2650642d839a586b315ab0b04b0ebcfd37da57","abstract_canon_sha256":"165ccb57eabdf08a4d5a25727fd671d76af6dc83b0c5d503f450ca6fcb242150"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4e6f8f25afd339cc52ad66290b2f5ae742771cee20a48aef3bd2a5a84244c3cc","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2506.08866","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.08866","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.08866v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.08866","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JZXY6JNP2M44","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JZXY6JNP2M44YUVN","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JZXY6JNP","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:JZXY6JNP2M44YUVNMYUQWL2245","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.08866","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-06-10T14:56:21Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"76b4ed8e0359a0793b55d3202a2650642d839a586b315ab0b04b0ebcfd37da57","abstract_canon_sha256":"165ccb57eabdf08a4d5a25727fd671d76af6dc83b0c5d503f450ca6fcb242150"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"4e6f8f25afd339cc52ad66290b2f5ae742771cee20a48aef3bd2a5a84244c3cc","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14.407379Z","signature_b64":"PIJS7r5aGc3JtkWLdouekqGBGCaQo8lsrM2FHuKOr/weVygBqtAKRizXtWkBJm6yD7vNHRJ2BWpqShwj1k8lCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"4e6f8f25afd339cc52ad66290b2f5ae742771cee20a48aef3bd2a5a84244c3cc","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14.406962Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14.406962Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2506.08866","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RJiv28P7XlRNz8s98NHeilf4WPxqwm1R49bPZiDJhc/pII6eueeN76fSsersAq3SPKHDermK24FLTuJUiNMnCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T07:56:49.711823Z"},"content_sha256":"7aa390bba0bd7cb6096289401692ef46b59f9a09b7aedd1f18ae64ceb7a4e9b2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7aa390bba0bd7cb6096289401692ef46b59f9a09b7aedd1f18ae64ceb7a4e9b2"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:JZXY6JNP2M44YUVNMYUQWL2245","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"SmartAttack: Air-Gap Attack via Smartwatches","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Mordechai Guri","submitted_at":"2025-06-10T14:56:21Z","abstract_excerpt":"Air-gapped systems are considered highly secure against data leaks due to their physical isolation from external networks. Despite this protection, ultrasonic communication has been demonstrated as an effective method for exfiltrating data from such systems. While smartphones have been extensively studied in the context of ultrasonic covert channels, smartwatches remain an underexplored yet effective attack vector.\n  In this paper, we propose and evaluate SmartAttack, a novel method that leverages smartwatches as receivers for ultrasonic covert communication in air-gapped environments. Our app"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.08866","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2506.08866/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qrHFBQMN1F4wg3gMALeH7BpHliITdS55EOVDubO+Wi6rfZ3Xt8X9QEKR0T32dbJM6kBH4Eqf61bG99chIf9IAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T07:56:49.712402Z"},"content_sha256":"17e61b44aa4c3779a9174c0a438541d0dbaa6c586fb18ac24b8d07006cb5e525","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:17e61b44aa4c3779a9174c0a438541d0dbaa6c586fb18ac24b8d07006cb5e525"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JZXY6JNP2M44YUVNMYUQWL2245/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/JZXY6JNP2M44YUVNMYUQWL2245/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JZXY6JNP2M44YUVNMYUQWL2245/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-09T07:56:49Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/JZXY6JNP2M44YUVNMYUQWL2245","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/JZXY6JNP2M44YUVNMYUQWL2245/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/JZXY6JNP2M44YUVNMYUQWL2245/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/JZXY6JNP2M44YUVNMYUQWL2245/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:JZXY6JNP2M44YUVNMYUQWL2245","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"165ccb57eabdf08a4d5a25727fd671d76af6dc83b0c5d503f450ca6fcb242150","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-06-10T14:56:21Z","title_canon_sha256":"76b4ed8e0359a0793b55d3202a2650642d839a586b315ab0b04b0ebcfd37da57"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2506.08866","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.08866","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.08866v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.08866","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"JZXY6JNP2M44","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"JZXY6JNP2M44YUVN","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"JZXY6JNP","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:17e61b44aa4c3779a9174c0a438541d0dbaa6c586fb18ac24b8d07006cb5e525","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2506.08866/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Air-gapped systems are considered highly secure against data leaks due to their physical isolation from external networks. Despite this protection, ultrasonic communication has been demonstrated as an effective method for exfiltrating data from such systems. While smartphones have been extensively studied in the context of ultrasonic covert channels, smartwatches remain an underexplored yet effective attack vector.\n  In this paper, we propose and evaluate SmartAttack, a novel method that leverages smartwatches as receivers for ultrasonic covert communication in air-gapped environments. Our app","authors_text":"Mordechai Guri","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-06-10T14:56:21Z","title":"SmartAttack: Air-Gap Attack via Smartwatches"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.08866","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7aa390bba0bd7cb6096289401692ef46b59f9a09b7aedd1f18ae64ceb7a4e9b2","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"165ccb57eabdf08a4d5a25727fd671d76af6dc83b0c5d503f450ca6fcb242150","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-06-10T14:56:21Z","title_canon_sha256":"76b4ed8e0359a0793b55d3202a2650642d839a586b315ab0b04b0ebcfd37da57"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2506.08866","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"4e6f8f25afd339cc52ad66290b2f5ae742771cee20a48aef3bd2a5a84244c3cc","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"4e6f8f25afd339cc52ad66290b2f5ae742771cee20a48aef3bd2a5a84244c3cc","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14.406962Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14.406962Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"PIJS7r5aGc3JtkWLdouekqGBGCaQo8lsrM2FHuKOr/weVygBqtAKRizXtWkBJm6yD7vNHRJ2BWpqShwj1k8lCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:19:14.407379Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2506.08866","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7aa390bba0bd7cb6096289401692ef46b59f9a09b7aedd1f18ae64ceb7a4e9b2","sha256:17e61b44aa4c3779a9174c0a438541d0dbaa6c586fb18ac24b8d07006cb5e525"],"state_sha256":"edf6e72c79f63262179a07fd9be385499d8ca1f41d8c9972c97f01459134b42f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fRtjHsCxgG1F2zfiH8SPEoDCgRLuYKBgQo5IG+UZ9fOYqgOmRiJz91+qc3MusLDoazePG5lLNxKNsLseHUkcDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T07:56:49.716499Z","bundle_sha256":"0deeb24905f5f5009aa4b2886b6a68ba807c9c3f21efa7ad12e97d3e03569190"}}