{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:K2NF4WJRBVA4ZWJT4Y3AVN7VHS","short_pith_number":"pith:K2NF4WJR","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2310.07218","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.MA","submitted_at":"2023-10-11T06:09:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"e0da6b01de6e3ad87d6462d2b447c9a9efe5cd365d4d91f0853f08424c2e9c27","abstract_canon_sha256":"5675cc45ae5a4e40ad64e7091440118e68a66c9cbe1498f76acadcc235146698"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"569a5e59310d41ccd933e6360ab7f53c94c7ca00425b29e5c675ce13f6238484","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2310.07218","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2310.07218","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2310.07218v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2310.07218","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"K2NF4WJRBVA4","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"K2NF4WJRBVA4ZWJT","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"K2NF4WJR","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:K2NF4WJRBVA4ZWJT4Y3AVN7VHS","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2310.07218","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.MA","submitted_at":"2023-10-11T06:09:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"e0da6b01de6e3ad87d6462d2b447c9a9efe5cd365d4d91f0853f08424c2e9c27","abstract_canon_sha256":"5675cc45ae5a4e40ad64e7091440118e68a66c9cbe1498f76acadcc235146698"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"569a5e59310d41ccd933e6360ab7f53c94c7ca00425b29e5c675ce13f6238484","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42.266592Z","signature_b64":"Sww2XMTjGPqPM8joTqGsRuO2/LEMYJjL1FdBs4ppSvbJs/vx6r3yo1H0kwZxLNxMg+HJLC+Mm3it5fn9mlHCAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"569a5e59310d41ccd933e6360ab7f53c94c7ca00425b29e5c675ce13f6238484","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42.266159Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42.266159Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2310.07218","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Iu90gruOP8ajgitRcS7lHmNiXe9iz3a3Gw89/HLfeyRoNxvzCxsZd9ROGmAzvtEpV4DWU6+bjuSvdZdLeoxeBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T21:13:59.073921Z"},"content_sha256":"f6fe1c0efb76ad792a3a82e47ec0d8264beae95597dcd2ce4e9cd09fd7a30353","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f6fe1c0efb76ad792a3a82e47ec0d8264beae95597dcd2ce4e9cd09fd7a30353"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:K2NF4WJRBVA4ZWJT4Y3AVN7VHS","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Quantifying Agent Interaction in Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning for Cost-efficient Generalization","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"cs.MA","authors_text":"Chenran Li, Chen Tang, Jinning Li, Masayoshi Tomizuka, Ran Tian, Wei Zhan, Yuxin Chen","submitted_at":"2023-10-11T06:09:26Z","abstract_excerpt":"Generalization poses a significant challenge in Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL). The extent to which an agent is influenced by unseen co-players depends on the agent's policy and the specific scenario. A quantitative examination of this relationship sheds light on effectively training agents for diverse scenarios. In this study, we present the Level of Influence (LoI), a metric quantifying the interaction intensity among agents within a given scenario and environment. We observe that, generally, a more diverse set of co-play agents during training enhances the generalization performa"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2310.07218","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2310.07218/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rzJwMdiiPSSxE6FNafcKPFs1esW+ZD6cBHqsGOzO68SUjQKCK8fh2zkqGMv0CYcj3OIQDR7ZHwoQUBrKQ474Dw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T21:13:59.074529Z"},"content_sha256":"4065d86f667ede9c5499ac309db376bc653ce9731060dfeb0ff9cf814a8567e1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4065d86f667ede9c5499ac309db376bc653ce9731060dfeb0ff9cf814a8567e1"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/K2NF4WJRBVA4ZWJT4Y3AVN7VHS/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/K2NF4WJRBVA4ZWJT4Y3AVN7VHS/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/K2NF4WJRBVA4ZWJT4Y3AVN7VHS/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-18T21:13:59Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/K2NF4WJRBVA4ZWJT4Y3AVN7VHS","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/K2NF4WJRBVA4ZWJT4Y3AVN7VHS/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/K2NF4WJRBVA4ZWJT4Y3AVN7VHS/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/K2NF4WJRBVA4ZWJT4Y3AVN7VHS/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:K2NF4WJRBVA4ZWJT4Y3AVN7VHS","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5675cc45ae5a4e40ad64e7091440118e68a66c9cbe1498f76acadcc235146698","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.MA","submitted_at":"2023-10-11T06:09:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"e0da6b01de6e3ad87d6462d2b447c9a9efe5cd365d4d91f0853f08424c2e9c27"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2310.07218","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2310.07218","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2310.07218v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2310.07218","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"K2NF4WJRBVA4","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"K2NF4WJRBVA4ZWJT","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"K2NF4WJR","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4065d86f667ede9c5499ac309db376bc653ce9731060dfeb0ff9cf814a8567e1","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2310.07218/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Generalization poses a significant challenge in Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL). The extent to which an agent is influenced by unseen co-players depends on the agent's policy and the specific scenario. A quantitative examination of this relationship sheds light on effectively training agents for diverse scenarios. In this study, we present the Level of Influence (LoI), a metric quantifying the interaction intensity among agents within a given scenario and environment. We observe that, generally, a more diverse set of co-play agents during training enhances the generalization performa","authors_text":"Chenran Li, Chen Tang, Jinning Li, Masayoshi Tomizuka, Ran Tian, Wei Zhan, Yuxin Chen","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.MA","submitted_at":"2023-10-11T06:09:26Z","title":"Quantifying Agent Interaction in Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning for Cost-efficient Generalization"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2310.07218","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f6fe1c0efb76ad792a3a82e47ec0d8264beae95597dcd2ce4e9cd09fd7a30353","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5675cc45ae5a4e40ad64e7091440118e68a66c9cbe1498f76acadcc235146698","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.MA","submitted_at":"2023-10-11T06:09:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"e0da6b01de6e3ad87d6462d2b447c9a9efe5cd365d4d91f0853f08424c2e9c27"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2310.07218","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"569a5e59310d41ccd933e6360ab7f53c94c7ca00425b29e5c675ce13f6238484","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"569a5e59310d41ccd933e6360ab7f53c94c7ca00425b29e5c675ce13f6238484","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42.266159Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42.266159Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Sww2XMTjGPqPM8joTqGsRuO2/LEMYJjL1FdBs4ppSvbJs/vx6r3yo1H0kwZxLNxMg+HJLC+Mm3it5fn9mlHCAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:59:42.266592Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2310.07218","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f6fe1c0efb76ad792a3a82e47ec0d8264beae95597dcd2ce4e9cd09fd7a30353","sha256:4065d86f667ede9c5499ac309db376bc653ce9731060dfeb0ff9cf814a8567e1"],"state_sha256":"f9edd5445f95ccd15b90c74d27e4062b78b0093504accf72abce8fd04267a23d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"eIPN+6VSZC2GHCN5C5LgAJ3GBpyna3iG5JvotmhDf1PRClnLWWqK3nF7JvfOo1b1eZZthOhTkCJ3+J/HbYcsDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T21:13:59.083091Z","bundle_sha256":"a184926c113db36d474b5e52eebfaaf3ce224fef2052766f039c1d559e53084e"}}