{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:K3AD3CO75TMOMDRVGVD3D4AI3W","short_pith_number":"pith:K3AD3CO7","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1905.01258","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2019-05-03T16:23:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"840d8f174f59f4d978a7ab3514ed32888cccae543d9416a8a4f6404f157b9907","abstract_canon_sha256":"72550106a36cc3e33f6809d556e0a4a06d4574b12319fa1c1dddb490b35a6d1b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"56c03d89dfecd8e60e353547b1f008dda67ddaccf6c38814b7171bbb8af9c701","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1905.01258","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1905.01258","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1905.01258v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1905.01258","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"K3AD3CO75TMO","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"K3AD3CO75TMOMDRV","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"K3AD3CO7","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:K3AD3CO75TMOMDRVGVD3D4AI3W","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1905.01258","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2019-05-03T16:23:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"840d8f174f59f4d978a7ab3514ed32888cccae543d9416a8a4f6404f157b9907","abstract_canon_sha256":"72550106a36cc3e33f6809d556e0a4a06d4574b12319fa1c1dddb490b35a6d1b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"56c03d89dfecd8e60e353547b1f008dda67ddaccf6c38814b7171bbb8af9c701","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42.890814Z","signature_b64":"ENAmFwT4dgb+P4UFmmSSoIuL11sAHgERsnCGCeKR59eDLTlbymhcSeTdVg/TL8/ul9QhsDeLWMWu4bkLYITlDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"56c03d89dfecd8e60e353547b1f008dda67ddaccf6c38814b7171bbb8af9c701","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42.890044Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42.890044Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1905.01258","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"DBKxvmi/m3I3CSwBLDL09N+z3PYRmcuXXahmQGXwLEv5/a9DDFG8Tu33wZKGYOjMN9KdgQNx2/8I+m9UA6+GBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T09:01:02.734890Z"},"content_sha256":"daedd0a168a8e3d01d6d3672adcf24163534507f170ed8a52703dd15bf57e02c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:daedd0a168a8e3d01d6d3672adcf24163534507f170ed8a52703dd15bf57e02c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:K3AD3CO75TMOMDRVGVD3D4AI3W","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Disentangling Factors of Variation Using Few Labels","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","stat.ML"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Bernhard Sch\\\"olkopf, Francesco Locatello, Gunnar R\\\"atsch, Michael Tschannen, Olivier Bachem, Stefan Bauer","submitted_at":"2019-05-03T16:23:49Z","abstract_excerpt":"Learning disentangled representations is considered a cornerstone problem in representation learning. Recently, Locatello et al. (2019) demonstrated that unsupervised disentanglement learning without inductive biases is theoretically impossible and that existing inductive biases and unsupervised methods do not allow to consistently learn disentangled representations. However, in many practical settings, one might have access to a limited amount of supervision, for example through manual labeling of (some) factors of variation in a few training examples. In this paper, we investigate the impact"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1905.01258","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1905.01258/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8sCrjFc2wmavw2ZnMN3625RnklfuWhg0xPZsvZOgdyxEQxnJwrmzDLcMcquGhIP7XO/2eA9DNE40zxhaudfvBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T09:01:02.735397Z"},"content_sha256":"eaa9ef3489be1305011456d735b102e7b829e17c88cf4fb23f345a2f0fa363fe","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:eaa9ef3489be1305011456d735b102e7b829e17c88cf4fb23f345a2f0fa363fe"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/K3AD3CO75TMOMDRVGVD3D4AI3W/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/K3AD3CO75TMOMDRVGVD3D4AI3W/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/K3AD3CO75TMOMDRVGVD3D4AI3W/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-06T09:01:02Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/K3AD3CO75TMOMDRVGVD3D4AI3W","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/K3AD3CO75TMOMDRVGVD3D4AI3W/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/K3AD3CO75TMOMDRVGVD3D4AI3W/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/K3AD3CO75TMOMDRVGVD3D4AI3W/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:K3AD3CO75TMOMDRVGVD3D4AI3W","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"72550106a36cc3e33f6809d556e0a4a06d4574b12319fa1c1dddb490b35a6d1b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2019-05-03T16:23:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"840d8f174f59f4d978a7ab3514ed32888cccae543d9416a8a4f6404f157b9907"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1905.01258","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1905.01258","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1905.01258v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1905.01258","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"K3AD3CO75TMO","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"K3AD3CO75TMOMDRV","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"K3AD3CO7","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:eaa9ef3489be1305011456d735b102e7b829e17c88cf4fb23f345a2f0fa363fe","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1905.01258/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Learning disentangled representations is considered a cornerstone problem in representation learning. Recently, Locatello et al. (2019) demonstrated that unsupervised disentanglement learning without inductive biases is theoretically impossible and that existing inductive biases and unsupervised methods do not allow to consistently learn disentangled representations. However, in many practical settings, one might have access to a limited amount of supervision, for example through manual labeling of (some) factors of variation in a few training examples. In this paper, we investigate the impact","authors_text":"Bernhard Sch\\\"olkopf, Francesco Locatello, Gunnar R\\\"atsch, Michael Tschannen, Olivier Bachem, Stefan Bauer","cross_cats":["cs.AI","stat.ML"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2019-05-03T16:23:49Z","title":"Disentangling Factors of Variation Using Few Labels"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1905.01258","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:daedd0a168a8e3d01d6d3672adcf24163534507f170ed8a52703dd15bf57e02c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"72550106a36cc3e33f6809d556e0a4a06d4574b12319fa1c1dddb490b35a6d1b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2019-05-03T16:23:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"840d8f174f59f4d978a7ab3514ed32888cccae543d9416a8a4f6404f157b9907"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1905.01258","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"56c03d89dfecd8e60e353547b1f008dda67ddaccf6c38814b7171bbb8af9c701","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"56c03d89dfecd8e60e353547b1f008dda67ddaccf6c38814b7171bbb8af9c701","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42.890044Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42.890044Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ENAmFwT4dgb+P4UFmmSSoIuL11sAHgERsnCGCeKR59eDLTlbymhcSeTdVg/TL8/ul9QhsDeLWMWu4bkLYITlDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:40:42.890814Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1905.01258","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:daedd0a168a8e3d01d6d3672adcf24163534507f170ed8a52703dd15bf57e02c","sha256:eaa9ef3489be1305011456d735b102e7b829e17c88cf4fb23f345a2f0fa363fe"],"state_sha256":"b841f75bf33f4d01bfed2038fc6a03f561c81f5308c266685522f48b5e9e4c26"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"s0AsSlNyHPwbwXLp9fuN1jkmgFGbcBIh3EknV0JkoF8Tq57LL0L3m6Jpw2wzRJOxat8JjZ53FGAspFjn8wCDDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T09:01:02.739370Z","bundle_sha256":"f821264b62056236e1ee4bff5cf0a5b5c01072085e2ad21031351c6db0da4ff9"}}