{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:K4DGIWGIXX4KXMKYCPEN6ENFEH","short_pith_number":"pith:K4DGIWGI","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1012.2906","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2010-12-14T00:13:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph","quant-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"a24590e43d00753546f3063673cb8123cda5e3df9a149bdf04347c75981f7a89","abstract_canon_sha256":"28667a469e22fdc7cea18f0ddde9d976457435ef9cfa8935a6edae66c64c6829"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"57066458c8bdf8abb15813c8df11a521c899f2c33c4b7317cd36d57c51695604","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1012.2906","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1012.2906","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1012.2906v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1012.2906","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"K4DGIWGIXX4K","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"K4DGIWGIXX4KXMKY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"K4DGIWGI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:09Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:K4DGIWGIXX4KXMKYCPEN6ENFEH","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1012.2906","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2010-12-14T00:13:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph","quant-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"a24590e43d00753546f3063673cb8123cda5e3df9a149bdf04347c75981f7a89","abstract_canon_sha256":"28667a469e22fdc7cea18f0ddde9d976457435ef9cfa8935a6edae66c64c6829"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"57066458c8bdf8abb15813c8df11a521c899f2c33c4b7317cd36d57c51695604","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:26.433176Z","signature_b64":"+1FqlD+na81WrCQ9uxUMFn3GN4ehgE9vpjzkZ14baH161HIjD4E0aYeiBJPKW9asCIe5x9UiRR9FffRtpQVKAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"57066458c8bdf8abb15813c8df11a521c899f2c33c4b7317cd36d57c51695604","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:26.432530Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:26.432530Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1012.2906","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:26Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Gs0G1FBkKGlWUedmCQq0h29SAKdnaUpIebjGTKIVt2cKp9eV5jUB+59NUEPgPfGcwEamcEhzyBNcGixQpbunCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-08T12:54:04.621480Z"},"content_sha256":"8035bd226442555915e4ef201a5a22669a32ecdc4df2d47c82ba47afc6e4b10b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8035bd226442555915e4ef201a5a22669a32ecdc4df2d47c82ba47afc6e4b10b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:K4DGIWGIXX4KXMKYCPEN6ENFEH","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Physical consequences of the QED theta angle","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-ph","quant-ph"],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Stephen D.H. Hsu","submitted_at":"2010-12-14T00:13:29Z","abstract_excerpt":"We describe a simple gedanken experiment which illustrates the physical effects of the QED theta angle, a fundamental parameter of Nature that has yet to be measured. The effects are manifest in quantum phases analogous to those in the Aharonov-Bohm effect, although they are not intrinsically topological. We also derive the quantum phases using a functional Schrodinger approach, and generalize the results to non-Abelian gauge theories."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1012.2906","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:26Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LNv53fb3A5qxbN9TARhTtY88doDTUGWR6dX3mocs3iF+9rgaLYl/CnGDBYhVZ/MgdM1jKPJTOcqqYBmdEFGdAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-08T12:54:04.621926Z"},"content_sha256":"4cf8efdbc1907e0811caee8c39b1690007ef9c0a790cddfd600c2499e44aa271","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4cf8efdbc1907e0811caee8c39b1690007ef9c0a790cddfd600c2499e44aa271"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/K4DGIWGIXX4KXMKYCPEN6ENFEH/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/K4DGIWGIXX4KXMKYCPEN6ENFEH/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/K4DGIWGIXX4KXMKYCPEN6ENFEH/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-08T12:54:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/K4DGIWGIXX4KXMKYCPEN6ENFEH","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/K4DGIWGIXX4KXMKYCPEN6ENFEH/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/K4DGIWGIXX4KXMKYCPEN6ENFEH/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/K4DGIWGIXX4KXMKYCPEN6ENFEH/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:K4DGIWGIXX4KXMKYCPEN6ENFEH","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"28667a469e22fdc7cea18f0ddde9d976457435ef9cfa8935a6edae66c64c6829","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph","quant-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2010-12-14T00:13:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"a24590e43d00753546f3063673cb8123cda5e3df9a149bdf04347c75981f7a89"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1012.2906","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1012.2906","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1012.2906v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1012.2906","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"K4DGIWGIXX4K","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"K4DGIWGIXX4KXMKY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"K4DGIWGI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:09Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4cf8efdbc1907e0811caee8c39b1690007ef9c0a790cddfd600c2499e44aa271","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:26Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We describe a simple gedanken experiment which illustrates the physical effects of the QED theta angle, a fundamental parameter of Nature that has yet to be measured. The effects are manifest in quantum phases analogous to those in the Aharonov-Bohm effect, although they are not intrinsically topological. We also derive the quantum phases using a functional Schrodinger approach, and generalize the results to non-Abelian gauge theories.","authors_text":"Stephen D.H. Hsu","cross_cats":["hep-ph","quant-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2010-12-14T00:13:29Z","title":"Physical consequences of the QED theta angle"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1012.2906","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8035bd226442555915e4ef201a5a22669a32ecdc4df2d47c82ba47afc6e4b10b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:26Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"28667a469e22fdc7cea18f0ddde9d976457435ef9cfa8935a6edae66c64c6829","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph","quant-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2010-12-14T00:13:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"a24590e43d00753546f3063673cb8123cda5e3df9a149bdf04347c75981f7a89"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1012.2906","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"57066458c8bdf8abb15813c8df11a521c899f2c33c4b7317cd36d57c51695604","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"57066458c8bdf8abb15813c8df11a521c899f2c33c4b7317cd36d57c51695604","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:26.432530Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:26.432530Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"+1FqlD+na81WrCQ9uxUMFn3GN4ehgE9vpjzkZ14baH161HIjD4E0aYeiBJPKW9asCIe5x9UiRR9FffRtpQVKAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:26.433176Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1012.2906","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8035bd226442555915e4ef201a5a22669a32ecdc4df2d47c82ba47afc6e4b10b","sha256:4cf8efdbc1907e0811caee8c39b1690007ef9c0a790cddfd600c2499e44aa271"],"state_sha256":"023aebda1fd2264713e89a4209140b8731a231cc86540d9e9e32be1b6f368b5d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"AQcHi2acPi66aKCqFmI8CxN+7i4VHV8chDgalWOpXXplZLkag0qIuAsTVAaE9+j9XKmPAHEl9vdN201sMy3+Aw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-08T12:54:04.624588Z","bundle_sha256":"806f82fe63a7c022bacbc0a9eff791a7ae550dcfb7e77dca8bab57591bd78bf4"}}