{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:K4WM3U5LYUVSFCIIS436DUT7CV","short_pith_number":"pith:K4WM3U5L","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2605.24636","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2026-05-23T15:53:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"d1b81f1f3d3de105c6dec2308d129207765bc18ef7007d1bcd05a6b73192ffa7","abstract_canon_sha256":"b050070d09ee6d5f2126669709c82ce5d49a3189648a701c62cc800d53ff1882"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"572ccdd3abc52b2289089737e1d27f157eaec2de6fcf18f26e68fda7aa041ae3","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2605.24636","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2605.24636","created_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2605.24636v1","created_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2605.24636","created_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"K4WM3U5LYUVS","created_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"K4WM3U5LYUVSFCII","created_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"K4WM3U5L","created_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:K4WM3U5LYUVSFCIIS436DUT7CV","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2605.24636","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2026-05-23T15:53:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"d1b81f1f3d3de105c6dec2308d129207765bc18ef7007d1bcd05a6b73192ffa7","abstract_canon_sha256":"b050070d09ee6d5f2126669709c82ce5d49a3189648a701c62cc800d53ff1882"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"572ccdd3abc52b2289089737e1d27f157eaec2de6fcf18f26e68fda7aa041ae3","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50.469846Z","signature_b64":"I99N/tURtddiI9JCryFJ5ufdd/Wl3z9lUU8GicYTvCQIX1wFS915BCCSCBthJRhCKI67RVDm63V6zstlZw6OCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"572ccdd3abc52b2289089737e1d27f157eaec2de6fcf18f26e68fda7aa041ae3","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50.469207Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50.469207Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2605.24636","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"gKFDTFNVqs7WNQuK7hIlr1hGAWWrrVvkJc7NNAdRMeIjM3IswVm7iIbcIrfLYyNAeeMRPt0qGZJD7V+VSpihAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T00:37:56.135825Z"},"content_sha256":"ac6f3545ff2c8cc73ee11784b78e7ac7e3a3c5bcab9f60f1e1f29dbe909352f8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ac6f3545ff2c8cc73ee11784b78e7ac7e3a3c5bcab9f60f1e1f29dbe909352f8"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:K4WM3U5LYUVSFCIIS436DUT7CV","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"GlobalDentBench: A Multinational Benchmark for Evaluating LLM Clinical Reasoning in Dentistry with Expert Calibration","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CL"],"primary_cat":"cs.AI","authors_text":"Benyou Wang, Chunfeng Luo, Falk Schwendicke, Hexian Zhang, Jiaming Zhang, Jianquan Li, Jingyi Liang, Junjie Zhao, Junwen Wang, Junying Chen, Liangyi Chen, Lijian Jin, Nhan L Tran, Pradeep Singh, Shan Jiang, Shuzhi Deng, Tianrui Liu, Wei-fa Yang, Wenjing Yi, Xiang Liu, Zhenwei Wen, Zhenyang Cai, Zhuhui Bai, Zixu Zhang, Zuolin Jin","submitted_at":"2026-05-23T15:53:44Z","abstract_excerpt":"While large language models (LLMs) hold transformative potential for medicine, their reasoning robustness and safety in real-world clinical scenarios remain critically underexplored, particularly in dentistry. Here we introduce GlobalDentBench, the first multinational dental benchmark, featuring a taxonomy that encompasses 14 dental specialties across 88 countries and regions spanning six continents. The benchmark comprises 8,978 expert-validated questions across three formats (multiple-choice, short-answer, and case-based questions) and assesses three progressive reasoning levels: knowledge r"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2605.24636","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2605.24636/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tTq+UV69UZaen2RzKRNuORloiGtsy1tHZIINVmqmfFCLBSDdXr8tWG4jWJiT4c88vbyeb62kNUBftOEddfYcAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T00:37:56.136297Z"},"content_sha256":"8830fc96167275c2b8ecd484a8602b70399d0e416b636ac3f884cab7654bb64e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8830fc96167275c2b8ecd484a8602b70399d0e416b636ac3f884cab7654bb64e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/K4WM3U5LYUVSFCIIS436DUT7CV/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/K4WM3U5LYUVSFCIIS436DUT7CV/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/K4WM3U5LYUVSFCIIS436DUT7CV/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T00:37:56Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/K4WM3U5LYUVSFCIIS436DUT7CV","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/K4WM3U5LYUVSFCIIS436DUT7CV/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/K4WM3U5LYUVSFCIIS436DUT7CV/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/K4WM3U5LYUVSFCIIS436DUT7CV/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:K4WM3U5LYUVSFCIIS436DUT7CV","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b050070d09ee6d5f2126669709c82ce5d49a3189648a701c62cc800d53ff1882","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2026-05-23T15:53:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"d1b81f1f3d3de105c6dec2308d129207765bc18ef7007d1bcd05a6b73192ffa7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2605.24636","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2605.24636","created_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2605.24636v1","created_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2605.24636","created_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"K4WM3U5LYUVS","created_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"K4WM3U5LYUVSFCII","created_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"K4WM3U5L","created_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:8830fc96167275c2b8ecd484a8602b70399d0e416b636ac3f884cab7654bb64e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2605.24636/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"While large language models (LLMs) hold transformative potential for medicine, their reasoning robustness and safety in real-world clinical scenarios remain critically underexplored, particularly in dentistry. Here we introduce GlobalDentBench, the first multinational dental benchmark, featuring a taxonomy that encompasses 14 dental specialties across 88 countries and regions spanning six continents. The benchmark comprises 8,978 expert-validated questions across three formats (multiple-choice, short-answer, and case-based questions) and assesses three progressive reasoning levels: knowledge r","authors_text":"Benyou Wang, Chunfeng Luo, Falk Schwendicke, Hexian Zhang, Jiaming Zhang, Jianquan Li, Jingyi Liang, Junjie Zhao, Junwen Wang, Junying Chen, Liangyi Chen, Lijian Jin, Nhan L Tran, Pradeep Singh, Shan Jiang, Shuzhi Deng, Tianrui Liu, Wei-fa Yang, Wenjing Yi, Xiang Liu, Zhenwei Wen, Zhenyang Cai, Zhuhui Bai, Zixu Zhang, Zuolin Jin","cross_cats":["cs.CL"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2026-05-23T15:53:44Z","title":"GlobalDentBench: A Multinational Benchmark for Evaluating LLM Clinical Reasoning in Dentistry with Expert Calibration"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2605.24636","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ac6f3545ff2c8cc73ee11784b78e7ac7e3a3c5bcab9f60f1e1f29dbe909352f8","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b050070d09ee6d5f2126669709c82ce5d49a3189648a701c62cc800d53ff1882","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2026-05-23T15:53:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"d1b81f1f3d3de105c6dec2308d129207765bc18ef7007d1bcd05a6b73192ffa7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2605.24636","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"572ccdd3abc52b2289089737e1d27f157eaec2de6fcf18f26e68fda7aa041ae3","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"572ccdd3abc52b2289089737e1d27f157eaec2de6fcf18f26e68fda7aa041ae3","first_computed_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50.469207Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50.469207Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"I99N/tURtddiI9JCryFJ5ufdd/Wl3z9lUU8GicYTvCQIX1wFS915BCCSCBthJRhCKI67RVDm63V6zstlZw6OCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-26T01:03:50.469846Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2605.24636","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ac6f3545ff2c8cc73ee11784b78e7ac7e3a3c5bcab9f60f1e1f29dbe909352f8","sha256:8830fc96167275c2b8ecd484a8602b70399d0e416b636ac3f884cab7654bb64e"],"state_sha256":"4cbcbfc04efa7b801abf1d2723727436878d77673db848bd8c92a859c9aa88d0"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"49YInvJ7dPtLrdK50NvgU2YGCfISmPlE+8K2B5nN2h1z9pYzQxoZd8FDyu9wxcw3cIwTYQ+ZYk4Sah7v9b9WDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T00:37:56.138805Z","bundle_sha256":"7010248c38911be934def32fd2a40eed3181e10c50ebb1125d3d69ef6fe632d3"}}