{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:K6WI4V5QJ237XDIOTCCXQ7NMJU","short_pith_number":"pith:K6WI4V5Q","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1203.2486","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2012-03-12T13:33:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"e4b1138748d58a34426e9c8d86815d39e8faf529f7c4cdbb077789980ec6c70e","abstract_canon_sha256":"9df1dabe47129fdfca66180752f8e6847b05a7b497623972d6f92d445eb333aa"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"57ac8e57b04eb7fb8d0e9885787dac4d0307c485877ec81725c06080907f804c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1203.2486","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1203.2486","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1203.2486v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1203.2486","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"K6WI4V5QJ237","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"K6WI4V5QJ237XDIO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"K6WI4V5Q","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:11Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:K6WI4V5QJ237XDIOTCCXQ7NMJU","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1203.2486","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2012-03-12T13:33:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"e4b1138748d58a34426e9c8d86815d39e8faf529f7c4cdbb077789980ec6c70e","abstract_canon_sha256":"9df1dabe47129fdfca66180752f8e6847b05a7b497623972d6f92d445eb333aa"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"57ac8e57b04eb7fb8d0e9885787dac4d0307c485877ec81725c06080907f804c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:10.010171Z","signature_b64":"tC6RrmzDHsbhjXrfIlLpHoVDvvXBZLy4fcXFasLUx94hqKz5ekbtE9AdxHEwIxrvxr7u9WyFjXk2xfAjhfAyAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"57ac8e57b04eb7fb8d0e9885787dac4d0307c485877ec81725c06080907f804c","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:10.009604Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:10.009604Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1203.2486","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:10Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fqCZB7WFNDi6GVG/+548nDltzn7n2u+MgiasMdxo6u2CiMbrMsCneoKhq7Yy4/Ryko1ScqJiJ+HywpCeenGxDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T01:16:24.151048Z"},"content_sha256":"417f90b558f7066fdcf0aec45017c182887f0058c7b2a3ff51a6d36ae3d52408","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:417f90b558f7066fdcf0aec45017c182887f0058c7b2a3ff51a6d36ae3d52408"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:K6WI4V5QJ237XDIOTCCXQ7NMJU","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Local Tadpole Galaxies","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"(2) IBM Research, (3) Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, 4), (4) Middlebury College), Bruce G. Elmegreen (2), Casiana Munoz-Tunon (3), Debra Meloy Elmegreen (1), Janosz Dewberry (1) ((1) Vassar College, Jorge Sanchez Almeida (3), Joseph Putko (1","submitted_at":"2012-03-12T13:33:23Z","abstract_excerpt":"Tadpole galaxies have a giant star-forming region at the end of an elongated intensity distribution. Here we use SDSS data to determine the ages, masses, and surface densities of the heads and tails in 14 local tadpoles selected from the Kiso and Michigan surveys of UV-bright galaxies, and we compare them to tadpoles previously studied in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field. The young stellar mass in the head scales linearly with restframe galaxy luminosity, ranging from ~10^5 M_solar at galaxy absolute magnitude U=-13 mag to 10^9 M_solar at U=-20 mag. The corresponding head surface density increases "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1203.2486","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:10Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"h+Y8w/vPZDbrNmoO5o23gMeBDCAKk0cHbp9xLDnNShkuuOj5mQW1mmRrNXz5I+4FAnU7SCZc10vfWU4/+1a3Bw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T01:16:24.151849Z"},"content_sha256":"6529322d20d09eeb41117a8855d1529adafd404126d46e2ebf2cd8003e4325f3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6529322d20d09eeb41117a8855d1529adafd404126d46e2ebf2cd8003e4325f3"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/K6WI4V5QJ237XDIOTCCXQ7NMJU/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/K6WI4V5QJ237XDIOTCCXQ7NMJU/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/K6WI4V5QJ237XDIOTCCXQ7NMJU/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-30T01:16:24Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/K6WI4V5QJ237XDIOTCCXQ7NMJU","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/K6WI4V5QJ237XDIOTCCXQ7NMJU/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/K6WI4V5QJ237XDIOTCCXQ7NMJU/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/K6WI4V5QJ237XDIOTCCXQ7NMJU/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:K6WI4V5QJ237XDIOTCCXQ7NMJU","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9df1dabe47129fdfca66180752f8e6847b05a7b497623972d6f92d445eb333aa","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2012-03-12T13:33:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"e4b1138748d58a34426e9c8d86815d39e8faf529f7c4cdbb077789980ec6c70e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1203.2486","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1203.2486","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1203.2486v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1203.2486","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"K6WI4V5QJ237","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"K6WI4V5QJ237XDIO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"K6WI4V5Q","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:11Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6529322d20d09eeb41117a8855d1529adafd404126d46e2ebf2cd8003e4325f3","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:10Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Tadpole galaxies have a giant star-forming region at the end of an elongated intensity distribution. Here we use SDSS data to determine the ages, masses, and surface densities of the heads and tails in 14 local tadpoles selected from the Kiso and Michigan surveys of UV-bright galaxies, and we compare them to tadpoles previously studied in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field. The young stellar mass in the head scales linearly with restframe galaxy luminosity, ranging from ~10^5 M_solar at galaxy absolute magnitude U=-13 mag to 10^9 M_solar at U=-20 mag. The corresponding head surface density increases ","authors_text":"(2) IBM Research, (3) Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, 4), (4) Middlebury College), Bruce G. Elmegreen (2), Casiana Munoz-Tunon (3), Debra Meloy Elmegreen (1), Janosz Dewberry (1) ((1) Vassar College, Jorge Sanchez Almeida (3), Joseph Putko (1","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2012-03-12T13:33:23Z","title":"Local Tadpole Galaxies"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1203.2486","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:417f90b558f7066fdcf0aec45017c182887f0058c7b2a3ff51a6d36ae3d52408","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:10Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9df1dabe47129fdfca66180752f8e6847b05a7b497623972d6f92d445eb333aa","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2012-03-12T13:33:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"e4b1138748d58a34426e9c8d86815d39e8faf529f7c4cdbb077789980ec6c70e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1203.2486","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"57ac8e57b04eb7fb8d0e9885787dac4d0307c485877ec81725c06080907f804c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"57ac8e57b04eb7fb8d0e9885787dac4d0307c485877ec81725c06080907f804c","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:10.009604Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:10.009604Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"tC6RrmzDHsbhjXrfIlLpHoVDvvXBZLy4fcXFasLUx94hqKz5ekbtE9AdxHEwIxrvxr7u9WyFjXk2xfAjhfAyAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:10.010171Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1203.2486","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:417f90b558f7066fdcf0aec45017c182887f0058c7b2a3ff51a6d36ae3d52408","sha256:6529322d20d09eeb41117a8855d1529adafd404126d46e2ebf2cd8003e4325f3"],"state_sha256":"3ed4f26705380e5a76377c099996014ba56fe857706fa654e21cd180933e97ce"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"TsKldyt9djPE93sYi9qSnB2sT5/Qf5dZtnKP6iQ4rpDjrtdSP2uBJ+8ZmJED6gMJnQxSN8sZUr1DVmK0MtI1Cw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T01:16:24.156099Z","bundle_sha256":"33c2921e401cba88ef1af64854cd759701b9aa6a0aabd38842852c368de3a661"}}