{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:K6YKYIW5N5WEWUSMUU2WN2Y4BR","short_pith_number":"pith:K6YKYIW5","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1807.06263","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2018-07-17T07:34:21Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6eab9e32c84609cff0df89baf6a823ff9bfe0164a041542c38f2389d075aa0ea","abstract_canon_sha256":"69abc63aeb0a09f825aa71a26982154afac89c522ecaf98fcb7e9ebb8d9a7dd1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"57b0ac22dd6f6c4b524ca53566eb1c0c5c2fa43084d19c470a85bb28c424c0ef","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1807.06263","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1807.06263","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1807.06263v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1807.06263","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"K6YKYIW5N5WE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"K6YKYIW5N5WEWUSM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"K6YKYIW5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:K6YKYIW5N5WEWUSMUU2WN2Y4BR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1807.06263","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2018-07-17T07:34:21Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6eab9e32c84609cff0df89baf6a823ff9bfe0164a041542c38f2389d075aa0ea","abstract_canon_sha256":"69abc63aeb0a09f825aa71a26982154afac89c522ecaf98fcb7e9ebb8d9a7dd1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"57b0ac22dd6f6c4b524ca53566eb1c0c5c2fa43084d19c470a85bb28c424c0ef","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:10.812808Z","signature_b64":"75SpBMy9Izgf/80aYYEDPzUsYnetF+6URQ+9SQMQhE/BVbnmNYghcKwzYbyYPMtXYpAaER3fzFCcUUgo0t/cDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"57b0ac22dd6f6c4b524ca53566eb1c0c5c2fa43084d19c470a85bb28c424c0ef","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:10.812146Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:10.812146Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1807.06263","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:10Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9uBhmJay7ASkyMe1TGgEFjJ36Ygyk9o5I+M23dBdfuu9RrnliHbqscA4PIqXuai1IGaJmL22h60O39K3Fqh6DA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T21:56:38.879181Z"},"content_sha256":"ec7f169cbf9040ad2ba59850b0113edf8dfe19c8f6c1fc8905db375af86fb513","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ec7f169cbf9040ad2ba59850b0113edf8dfe19c8f6c1fc8905db375af86fb513"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:K6YKYIW5N5WEWUSMUU2WN2Y4BR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"On the instability for massive scalar fields in Kerr-Newman spacetime","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"Dao-jun Liu, Xiang-Hua Zhai, Xin-zhou Li, Yang Huang","submitted_at":"2018-07-17T07:34:21Z","abstract_excerpt":"It is known that a massive charged scalar field can trigger a superradiant instability in the background of a Kerr-Newman black hole. In this paper, we present a numerical study of such an instability by using the continued fraction method. It is shown that for given a black hole, the unstable scalar mode with a specific azimuthal index $m$ only occurs in a finite region in the parameter space of the scalar field. The maximum mass of the scalar cloud is exactly the upper bound of the mass of the unstable modes. We show that due to the electromagnetic interaction between the scalar field and th"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1807.06263","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:10Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"lOQQI4557mTGPrmuPHX0OqP0GiEweJB4nIU2aDzdZtFCX+A20O290Vl1RRA9vJwlUjzqHjCBxw5Td+7zynPOBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T21:56:38.879837Z"},"content_sha256":"6d438bf544cb261ec618285c0563f156d36ab67c0a50f0a20fd72c59569a30c7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6d438bf544cb261ec618285c0563f156d36ab67c0a50f0a20fd72c59569a30c7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/K6YKYIW5N5WEWUSMUU2WN2Y4BR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/K6YKYIW5N5WEWUSMUU2WN2Y4BR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/K6YKYIW5N5WEWUSMUU2WN2Y4BR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-26T21:56:38Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/K6YKYIW5N5WEWUSMUU2WN2Y4BR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/K6YKYIW5N5WEWUSMUU2WN2Y4BR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/K6YKYIW5N5WEWUSMUU2WN2Y4BR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/K6YKYIW5N5WEWUSMUU2WN2Y4BR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:K6YKYIW5N5WEWUSMUU2WN2Y4BR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"69abc63aeb0a09f825aa71a26982154afac89c522ecaf98fcb7e9ebb8d9a7dd1","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2018-07-17T07:34:21Z","title_canon_sha256":"6eab9e32c84609cff0df89baf6a823ff9bfe0164a041542c38f2389d075aa0ea"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1807.06263","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1807.06263","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1807.06263v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1807.06263","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"K6YKYIW5N5WE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"K6YKYIW5N5WEWUSM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"K6YKYIW5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6d438bf544cb261ec618285c0563f156d36ab67c0a50f0a20fd72c59569a30c7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:10Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"It is known that a massive charged scalar field can trigger a superradiant instability in the background of a Kerr-Newman black hole. In this paper, we present a numerical study of such an instability by using the continued fraction method. It is shown that for given a black hole, the unstable scalar mode with a specific azimuthal index $m$ only occurs in a finite region in the parameter space of the scalar field. The maximum mass of the scalar cloud is exactly the upper bound of the mass of the unstable modes. We show that due to the electromagnetic interaction between the scalar field and th","authors_text":"Dao-jun Liu, Xiang-Hua Zhai, Xin-zhou Li, Yang Huang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2018-07-17T07:34:21Z","title":"On the instability for massive scalar fields in Kerr-Newman spacetime"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1807.06263","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ec7f169cbf9040ad2ba59850b0113edf8dfe19c8f6c1fc8905db375af86fb513","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:10Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"69abc63aeb0a09f825aa71a26982154afac89c522ecaf98fcb7e9ebb8d9a7dd1","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2018-07-17T07:34:21Z","title_canon_sha256":"6eab9e32c84609cff0df89baf6a823ff9bfe0164a041542c38f2389d075aa0ea"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1807.06263","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"57b0ac22dd6f6c4b524ca53566eb1c0c5c2fa43084d19c470a85bb28c424c0ef","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"57b0ac22dd6f6c4b524ca53566eb1c0c5c2fa43084d19c470a85bb28c424c0ef","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:10.812146Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:10.812146Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"75SpBMy9Izgf/80aYYEDPzUsYnetF+6URQ+9SQMQhE/BVbnmNYghcKwzYbyYPMtXYpAaER3fzFCcUUgo0t/cDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:09:10.812808Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1807.06263","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ec7f169cbf9040ad2ba59850b0113edf8dfe19c8f6c1fc8905db375af86fb513","sha256:6d438bf544cb261ec618285c0563f156d36ab67c0a50f0a20fd72c59569a30c7"],"state_sha256":"c1206833a998bafb47780461c3ae97bb367ba4b3cc6428ff887c8deaa5639a63"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"USGVQh3yDUuhUD7+jZeOj3j1Ms4XBDOSz3Q6jC7XOD5iEC+94KZ7qIv8BE6Fw3wCVhLVNNc7Nj44nGosHO+YCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T21:56:38.883149Z","bundle_sha256":"de8e1086453ef6220101d8a7840446804af9f09d17e31ad66f9b5f62078d8294"}}