{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:K7JUPR2PT62RVWACAI5LK4P4LJ","short_pith_number":"pith:K7JUPR2P","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.07158","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2018-03-19T20:40:50Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.comp-ph","physics.space-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"33bc2b5b1d76efd72842e3800db67fe3534de80a58940265162c62e024e962fa","abstract_canon_sha256":"d35053a0755aa30d11452941852105cf0eca09fb97e4faef6191eb075a30189c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"57d347c74f9fb51ad802023ab571fc5a43ca71bfc478a2e1f95ffa9fa7da9316","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1803.07158","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.07158","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.07158v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.07158","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"K7JUPR2PT62R","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"K7JUPR2PT62RVWAC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"K7JUPR2P","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:K7JUPR2PT62RVWACAI5LK4P4LJ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.07158","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2018-03-19T20:40:50Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.comp-ph","physics.space-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"33bc2b5b1d76efd72842e3800db67fe3534de80a58940265162c62e024e962fa","abstract_canon_sha256":"d35053a0755aa30d11452941852105cf0eca09fb97e4faef6191eb075a30189c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"57d347c74f9fb51ad802023ab571fc5a43ca71bfc478a2e1f95ffa9fa7da9316","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56.898270Z","signature_b64":"f9/o0ut3V6r7R6rFFQswXSgxoxyPuF8Q/zehrmziMg69djoTM7STps+fykAS8+vq02bkBk+RIiFvhEUktWGDBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"57d347c74f9fb51ad802023ab571fc5a43ca71bfc478a2e1f95ffa9fa7da9316","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56.897814Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56.897814Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1803.07158","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"c0FbTWzePFHvfSQbq7XLd7RldaTXBcoEFFQmDUMHfCjrhOtTaMuMHkLP/N0CfWWIjW8sPpL6abHa3ywls4RJAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-19T11:37:20.748463Z"},"content_sha256":"8637d83cacc439e272db749fb4187729a90086747b8c0fbc3edc1a4217898aca","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8637d83cacc439e272db749fb4187729a90086747b8c0fbc3edc1a4217898aca"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:K7JUPR2PT62RVWACAI5LK4P4LJ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A fully implicit, conservative, non-linear, electromagnetic hybrid particle-ion/fluid-electron algorithm","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.comp-ph","physics.space-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","authors_text":"A. Stanier, G. Chen, L. Chac\\'on","submitted_at":"2018-03-19T20:40:50Z","abstract_excerpt":"The quasi-neutral hybrid model with kinetic ions and fluid electrons is a promising approach for bridging the inherent multi-scale nature of many problems in space and laboratory plasmas. Here, a novel, implicit, particle-in-cell based scheme for the hybrid model is derived for multi-dimensional electromagnetic problems with multiple ion species, which features global mass, momentum and energy conservation. The scheme includes sub-cycling and orbit averaging of the ions, with cell-centered finite differences and implicit midpoint time advance. To reduce discrete particle noise, the scheme allo"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.07158","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"uoV8xSNbu+hWITLTk/Fmjrs6FFaq4DCI3yjAsXy0aaruZhlT5sRSM82rJl3jPYzNi8KuXrQR6D+HciEaD+gRAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-19T11:37:20.748813Z"},"content_sha256":"3c582e85a0c11b3a0d4f0dffcda3bf4aa79de38f67e806152cac4512075b96f7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3c582e85a0c11b3a0d4f0dffcda3bf4aa79de38f67e806152cac4512075b96f7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/K7JUPR2PT62RVWACAI5LK4P4LJ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/K7JUPR2PT62RVWACAI5LK4P4LJ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/K7JUPR2PT62RVWACAI5LK4P4LJ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-19T11:37:20Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/K7JUPR2PT62RVWACAI5LK4P4LJ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/K7JUPR2PT62RVWACAI5LK4P4LJ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/K7JUPR2PT62RVWACAI5LK4P4LJ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/K7JUPR2PT62RVWACAI5LK4P4LJ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:K7JUPR2PT62RVWACAI5LK4P4LJ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d35053a0755aa30d11452941852105cf0eca09fb97e4faef6191eb075a30189c","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.comp-ph","physics.space-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2018-03-19T20:40:50Z","title_canon_sha256":"33bc2b5b1d76efd72842e3800db67fe3534de80a58940265162c62e024e962fa"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1803.07158","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.07158","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.07158v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.07158","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"K7JUPR2PT62R","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"K7JUPR2PT62RVWAC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"K7JUPR2P","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3c582e85a0c11b3a0d4f0dffcda3bf4aa79de38f67e806152cac4512075b96f7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The quasi-neutral hybrid model with kinetic ions and fluid electrons is a promising approach for bridging the inherent multi-scale nature of many problems in space and laboratory plasmas. Here, a novel, implicit, particle-in-cell based scheme for the hybrid model is derived for multi-dimensional electromagnetic problems with multiple ion species, which features global mass, momentum and energy conservation. The scheme includes sub-cycling and orbit averaging of the ions, with cell-centered finite differences and implicit midpoint time advance. To reduce discrete particle noise, the scheme allo","authors_text":"A. Stanier, G. Chen, L. Chac\\'on","cross_cats":["physics.comp-ph","physics.space-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2018-03-19T20:40:50Z","title":"A fully implicit, conservative, non-linear, electromagnetic hybrid particle-ion/fluid-electron algorithm"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.07158","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8637d83cacc439e272db749fb4187729a90086747b8c0fbc3edc1a4217898aca","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d35053a0755aa30d11452941852105cf0eca09fb97e4faef6191eb075a30189c","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.comp-ph","physics.space-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2018-03-19T20:40:50Z","title_canon_sha256":"33bc2b5b1d76efd72842e3800db67fe3534de80a58940265162c62e024e962fa"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1803.07158","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"57d347c74f9fb51ad802023ab571fc5a43ca71bfc478a2e1f95ffa9fa7da9316","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"57d347c74f9fb51ad802023ab571fc5a43ca71bfc478a2e1f95ffa9fa7da9316","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56.897814Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56.897814Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"f9/o0ut3V6r7R6rFFQswXSgxoxyPuF8Q/zehrmziMg69djoTM7STps+fykAS8+vq02bkBk+RIiFvhEUktWGDBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56.898270Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1803.07158","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8637d83cacc439e272db749fb4187729a90086747b8c0fbc3edc1a4217898aca","sha256:3c582e85a0c11b3a0d4f0dffcda3bf4aa79de38f67e806152cac4512075b96f7"],"state_sha256":"41ffeabf4280bd67c3f1d43a3dd65e5df3c7a56ff01078215ad6c8992129eb83"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"xHRsO01kG5uRFFevEBRhCa9q5HOLVPerO2HtIFomCGet7Y2zE/FE+v6q+FdRZ0//ugFIjXEnbBggqHoj6DHOBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-19T11:37:20.750410Z","bundle_sha256":"05caacf452e2545a5b3b2348b033259cc2d91fbd286ab9b2d5cb5808899163d9"}}