{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:K7RGCPDQWKDUBOATFWEJFW3FFF","short_pith_number":"pith:K7RGCPDQ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.07350","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-03-20T10:26:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"e97678d99f65f28ba5ff128faf8ea30461716244460bdf71747673774c8b4f25","abstract_canon_sha256":"300726a7f5f23b43644a9cfca27f7a221d36e33d979fed0bb18e02fbcb3cdcc7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"57e2613c70b28740b8132d8892db6529643e9a3ea415961169b57412f9a536a0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1803.07350","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.07350","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.07350v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.07350","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"K7RGCPDQWKDU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"K7RGCPDQWKDUBOAT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"K7RGCPDQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:K7RGCPDQWKDUBOATFWEJFW3FFF","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.07350","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-03-20T10:26:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"e97678d99f65f28ba5ff128faf8ea30461716244460bdf71747673774c8b4f25","abstract_canon_sha256":"300726a7f5f23b43644a9cfca27f7a221d36e33d979fed0bb18e02fbcb3cdcc7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"57e2613c70b28740b8132d8892db6529643e9a3ea415961169b57412f9a536a0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56.885226Z","signature_b64":"fOi3NtB4bB+5hVAQTkPbR7WOWOJhDxmWe4ZVD4Fkx87vP2SWXxoVgjx3TX+fuXMBdck5LH8G7tyJrtKrqnRHBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"57e2613c70b28740b8132d8892db6529643e9a3ea415961169b57412f9a536a0","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56.884648Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56.884648Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1803.07350","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jMfK2CkMxDFI08JULx4R0CtXg5yZvkmVvA8LrMRfdeuQ733Ztc+jnEFMEi+Q4GiEz03lvapwYuS/jkjiO01jBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-20T19:22:39.529981Z"},"content_sha256":"945dde8cdf83ab920253f96d88671a6a8eaca2939492df93a9fde5a5a696e2b4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:945dde8cdf83ab920253f96d88671a6a8eaca2939492df93a9fde5a5a696e2b4"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:K7RGCPDQWKDUBOATFWEJFW3FFF","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Entropy driven stability of chiral single-walled carbon nanotubes","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"Annick Loiseau (LEM - ONERA - CNRS), Christophe Bichara (CINaM), Fran\\c{c}ois Ducastelle (LEM - ONERA - CNRS), Hakim Amara (LEM - ONERA - CNRS), Yann Magnin (CINaM)","submitted_at":"2018-03-20T10:26:32Z","abstract_excerpt":"Single-walled carbon nanotubes are hollow cylinders, that can grow centimeters long by carbon incorporation at the interface with a catalyst. They display semi-conducting or metallic characteristics, depending on their helicity, that is determined during their growth. To support the quest for a selective synthesis, we develop a thermodynamic model, that relates the tube-catalyst interfacial energies, temperature, and the resulting tube chirality. We show that nanotubes can grow chiral because of the configurational entropy of their nanometer-sized edge, thus explaining experimentally observed "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.07350","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nAAkl3JbP/RJ4XwaY1uMaR3+E/oW4HXKkTW3X29jR9jD2kSHyDRAEt6rCKwUOJP444nJYIO4KCKd+rLHIWJ9Cw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-20T19:22:39.530342Z"},"content_sha256":"b88b65e83ac4659c0cbbcda49c43b94f6a7248e2bc03ce324cafaea0a3932d37","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b88b65e83ac4659c0cbbcda49c43b94f6a7248e2bc03ce324cafaea0a3932d37"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/K7RGCPDQWKDUBOATFWEJFW3FFF/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/K7RGCPDQWKDUBOATFWEJFW3FFF/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/K7RGCPDQWKDUBOATFWEJFW3FFF/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-20T19:22:39Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/K7RGCPDQWKDUBOATFWEJFW3FFF","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/K7RGCPDQWKDUBOATFWEJFW3FFF/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/K7RGCPDQWKDUBOATFWEJFW3FFF/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/K7RGCPDQWKDUBOATFWEJFW3FFF/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:K7RGCPDQWKDUBOATFWEJFW3FFF","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"300726a7f5f23b43644a9cfca27f7a221d36e33d979fed0bb18e02fbcb3cdcc7","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-03-20T10:26:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"e97678d99f65f28ba5ff128faf8ea30461716244460bdf71747673774c8b4f25"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1803.07350","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.07350","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.07350v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.07350","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"K7RGCPDQWKDU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"K7RGCPDQWKDUBOAT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"K7RGCPDQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b88b65e83ac4659c0cbbcda49c43b94f6a7248e2bc03ce324cafaea0a3932d37","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Single-walled carbon nanotubes are hollow cylinders, that can grow centimeters long by carbon incorporation at the interface with a catalyst. They display semi-conducting or metallic characteristics, depending on their helicity, that is determined during their growth. To support the quest for a selective synthesis, we develop a thermodynamic model, that relates the tube-catalyst interfacial energies, temperature, and the resulting tube chirality. We show that nanotubes can grow chiral because of the configurational entropy of their nanometer-sized edge, thus explaining experimentally observed ","authors_text":"Annick Loiseau (LEM - ONERA - CNRS), Christophe Bichara (CINaM), Fran\\c{c}ois Ducastelle (LEM - ONERA - CNRS), Hakim Amara (LEM - ONERA - CNRS), Yann Magnin (CINaM)","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-03-20T10:26:32Z","title":"Entropy driven stability of chiral single-walled carbon nanotubes"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.07350","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:945dde8cdf83ab920253f96d88671a6a8eaca2939492df93a9fde5a5a696e2b4","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"300726a7f5f23b43644a9cfca27f7a221d36e33d979fed0bb18e02fbcb3cdcc7","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-03-20T10:26:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"e97678d99f65f28ba5ff128faf8ea30461716244460bdf71747673774c8b4f25"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1803.07350","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"57e2613c70b28740b8132d8892db6529643e9a3ea415961169b57412f9a536a0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"57e2613c70b28740b8132d8892db6529643e9a3ea415961169b57412f9a536a0","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56.884648Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56.884648Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"fOi3NtB4bB+5hVAQTkPbR7WOWOJhDxmWe4ZVD4Fkx87vP2SWXxoVgjx3TX+fuXMBdck5LH8G7tyJrtKrqnRHBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:56.885226Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1803.07350","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:945dde8cdf83ab920253f96d88671a6a8eaca2939492df93a9fde5a5a696e2b4","sha256:b88b65e83ac4659c0cbbcda49c43b94f6a7248e2bc03ce324cafaea0a3932d37"],"state_sha256":"d8ce7a8bb69f273be9328b68e31516c5fbe5684c752494e253b0e46c512c776c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"dXdB44D862W0idfnlXVBgmOjMoV1X7DM0GD/rxndnyiLj2oLJ+8BbJCbaqKNphoSZkMw/xIFB0dbKXK3LFhiAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-20T19:22:39.532278Z","bundle_sha256":"d9dd80163f436d5bf8c02e3d7768fc494eb1455c46ab0d850deacdaeba7d2745"}}