{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:KBYTRBGS2HPVLOPZY5QJUDFB7V","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5581d9b364795deab7a03bc96963bf2d59ae32ba921a00cc6ef911ae2cce7b15","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2009-10-07T23:43:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"599cde21dd0040aa506e679ad948f3de716a4542302e726b8fe0dc8a6046c5b1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0910.1379","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0910.1379","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0910.1379v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0910.1379","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KBYTRBGS2HPV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KBYTRBGS2HPVLOPZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KBYTRBGS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:00Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e0b9ca0b0cdf8037636f270a7eae1c7a8870e9390335a6a8b5b29ab23e977df8","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:19Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Based on the physical model of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) growth via gas accretion in a circumnuclear disk (CND) proposed by Kawakatu & Wada (2008), we describe the formation of high-$z$ ($z > 6$) quasars (QSOs) whose BH masses are M_{BH}> 10^{9} M_{\\odot}. We derive the necessary conditions to form QSOs at z > 6 by only gas accretion: (i) A large mass supply with M_{sup} > 10^{10}M_{\\odot} from host galaxies to CNDs, because the final BH mass is only 1-10% of the total supplied mass from QSO hosts. (ii) High star formation efficiency for a rapid BH growth. We also find that if the BH gr","authors_text":"Keiichi Wada, Nozomu Kawakatu","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2009-10-07T23:43:11Z","title":"Formation of High-redshift (z>6) Quasars Driven by Nuclear Starbursts"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0910.1379","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8b465c75a1743d090cc06d9629a09c0c433d3423f95aa173e1dbb3a5d8ccc0ae","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:19Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5581d9b364795deab7a03bc96963bf2d59ae32ba921a00cc6ef911ae2cce7b15","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2009-10-07T23:43:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"599cde21dd0040aa506e679ad948f3de716a4542302e726b8fe0dc8a6046c5b1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0910.1379","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"50713884d2d1df55b9f9c7609a0ca1fd446d656ccf11fead2dd725a50178d480","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"50713884d2d1df55b9f9c7609a0ca1fd446d656ccf11fead2dd725a50178d480","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:19.723353Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:19.723353Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ey1jxyLf1P44rhzNYNIoQQF/HJPn3gwlkL8F+w5t10fSQ6Ziv+Eq7Tw5IkG9POhRw02Ns2Y5/070FcXxhI64Bw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:19.723887Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"0910.1379","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8b465c75a1743d090cc06d9629a09c0c433d3423f95aa173e1dbb3a5d8ccc0ae","sha256:e0b9ca0b0cdf8037636f270a7eae1c7a8870e9390335a6a8b5b29ab23e977df8"],"state_sha256":"743519aab6354697e905deffdfa50774641c3b53550a2017a323e4b4e2baa3e2"}