{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:KCPAH3QNNK46EQXDENFEU34YAP","short_pith_number":"pith:KCPAH3QN","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1906.08776","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2019-06-20T13:14:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"7995f4cca1448ef5230f7c02b486e36cf5827f3dcb7b7fb5bf226440b8f2852c","abstract_canon_sha256":"3821b873e32f1be226674a6933aa20e1856591d90ee7e78f72d3c930da68ad0b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"509e03ee0d6ab9e242e3234a4a6f9803c9ed6ca9f30eeb253516492a04b7a617","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1906.08776","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1906.08776","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1906.08776v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1906.08776","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KCPAH3QNNK46","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KCPAH3QNNK46EQXD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KCPAH3QN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:21Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:KCPAH3QNNK46EQXDENFEU34YAP","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1906.08776","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2019-06-20T13:14:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"7995f4cca1448ef5230f7c02b486e36cf5827f3dcb7b7fb5bf226440b8f2852c","abstract_canon_sha256":"3821b873e32f1be226674a6933aa20e1856591d90ee7e78f72d3c930da68ad0b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"509e03ee0d6ab9e242e3234a4a6f9803c9ed6ca9f30eeb253516492a04b7a617","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:47.909806Z","signature_b64":"8XDHKinWMN7ASWV+42jLO0T2BrLSLwmPm30B6afeQfqBNlYKAWEZ+Lg7XOtP13s4zQangljZkqWH/oyVge0SDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"509e03ee0d6ab9e242e3234a4a6f9803c9ed6ca9f30eeb253516492a04b7a617","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:47.909199Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:47.909199Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1906.08776","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:47Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7uTEqxubilhgvsb4jUMxqfB07xz2W7fYFnHTA8t4bd5zu+DtE8D3dv3qhvcbZwFWkWM+ji1IbloIZytsl1TsCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-20T05:58:28.577458Z"},"content_sha256":"2f0226c43838c9b4546d82bbd6597e1e70e723b1d582d780f159032381dc421c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2f0226c43838c9b4546d82bbd6597e1e70e723b1d582d780f159032381dc421c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:KCPAH3QNNK46EQXDENFEU34YAP","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Latent Distribution Assumption for Unbiased and Consistent Consensus Modelling","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"primary_cat":"cs.HC","authors_text":"Gleb Gusev, Pavel Serdyukov, Valentina Fedorova","submitted_at":"2019-06-20T13:14:03Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study the problem of aggregation noisy labels. Usually, it is solved by proposing a stochastic model for the process of generating noisy labels and then estimating the model parameters using the observed noisy labels. A traditional assumption underlying previously introduced generative models is that each object has one latent true label. In contrast, we introduce a novel latent distribution assumption, implying that a unique true label for an object might not exist, but rather each object might have a specific distribution generating a latent subjective label each time the object is observ"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1906.08776","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:47Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kyryVf55OlSphDYt2yDTQ8xFWesdf6l/AjAMRvWBjDRcVV3OZ+BxerYIcAna1LX0nWkboocdDxmQ+3F+lQWBCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-20T05:58:28.577948Z"},"content_sha256":"9ac37785e1cce0776e936ec27c41f8499690d35e399f7fe3271b8073d822e532","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9ac37785e1cce0776e936ec27c41f8499690d35e399f7fe3271b8073d822e532"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KCPAH3QNNK46EQXDENFEU34YAP/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KCPAH3QNNK46EQXDENFEU34YAP/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KCPAH3QNNK46EQXDENFEU34YAP/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-20T05:58:28Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/KCPAH3QNNK46EQXDENFEU34YAP","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/KCPAH3QNNK46EQXDENFEU34YAP/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/KCPAH3QNNK46EQXDENFEU34YAP/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KCPAH3QNNK46EQXDENFEU34YAP/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:KCPAH3QNNK46EQXDENFEU34YAP","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3821b873e32f1be226674a6933aa20e1856591d90ee7e78f72d3c930da68ad0b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2019-06-20T13:14:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"7995f4cca1448ef5230f7c02b486e36cf5827f3dcb7b7fb5bf226440b8f2852c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1906.08776","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1906.08776","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1906.08776v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1906.08776","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KCPAH3QNNK46","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KCPAH3QNNK46EQXD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KCPAH3QN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:21Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9ac37785e1cce0776e936ec27c41f8499690d35e399f7fe3271b8073d822e532","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:47Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We study the problem of aggregation noisy labels. Usually, it is solved by proposing a stochastic model for the process of generating noisy labels and then estimating the model parameters using the observed noisy labels. A traditional assumption underlying previously introduced generative models is that each object has one latent true label. In contrast, we introduce a novel latent distribution assumption, implying that a unique true label for an object might not exist, but rather each object might have a specific distribution generating a latent subjective label each time the object is observ","authors_text":"Gleb Gusev, Pavel Serdyukov, Valentina Fedorova","cross_cats":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2019-06-20T13:14:03Z","title":"Latent Distribution Assumption for Unbiased and Consistent Consensus Modelling"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1906.08776","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2f0226c43838c9b4546d82bbd6597e1e70e723b1d582d780f159032381dc421c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:47Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3821b873e32f1be226674a6933aa20e1856591d90ee7e78f72d3c930da68ad0b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2019-06-20T13:14:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"7995f4cca1448ef5230f7c02b486e36cf5827f3dcb7b7fb5bf226440b8f2852c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1906.08776","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"509e03ee0d6ab9e242e3234a4a6f9803c9ed6ca9f30eeb253516492a04b7a617","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"509e03ee0d6ab9e242e3234a4a6f9803c9ed6ca9f30eeb253516492a04b7a617","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:47.909199Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:47.909199Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"8XDHKinWMN7ASWV+42jLO0T2BrLSLwmPm30B6afeQfqBNlYKAWEZ+Lg7XOtP13s4zQangljZkqWH/oyVge0SDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:42:47.909806Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1906.08776","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2f0226c43838c9b4546d82bbd6597e1e70e723b1d582d780f159032381dc421c","sha256:9ac37785e1cce0776e936ec27c41f8499690d35e399f7fe3271b8073d822e532"],"state_sha256":"2a2189ee27ba1f83a0a7a87a843b2a669705a0ad0f4877ffd6cbb21d623ce520"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"c3+rXRl2/2Sl1Eem5Lnbok6XFB8NFEaTiThbjWnoaYDgTXZjW6HYCU+/VzjTGQ1Uli3sQotq84KGfVYp92QaDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-20T05:58:28.581056Z","bundle_sha256":"e65fae6099ace84bf56053664b661ba0a4869595808c742fc11f6d58bb4b64a5"}}