{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:KDR2EG2MRBEJDQK5Y75EYGGDDZ","short_pith_number":"pith:KDR2EG2M","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1703.06036","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2017-03-17T14:47:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"caa2b0e3a06a55612450238a271c3dce0fad2fa1191ce9fea75b0d8aa1cddb80","abstract_canon_sha256":"228d8eab7602a369b82d94adbba625f5f157ec93d8616584f3b796c57c05dbb9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"50e3a21b4c884891c15dc7fa4c18c31e69c8b21e0350aa5b43c86b42afcfd156","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1703.06036","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1703.06036","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1703.06036v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1703.06036","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KDR2EG2MRBEJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KDR2EG2MRBEJDQK5","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KDR2EG2M","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:KDR2EG2MRBEJDQK5Y75EYGGDDZ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1703.06036","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2017-03-17T14:47:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"caa2b0e3a06a55612450238a271c3dce0fad2fa1191ce9fea75b0d8aa1cddb80","abstract_canon_sha256":"228d8eab7602a369b82d94adbba625f5f157ec93d8616584f3b796c57c05dbb9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"50e3a21b4c884891c15dc7fa4c18c31e69c8b21e0350aa5b43c86b42afcfd156","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40.095989Z","signature_b64":"5UDL7qBt3Bqzd6zIBzr+0ArTqx/UTn32TNUYjY0n1dSgF2iG35LREWrNIO8lk0VCEwx86M5aNQR32gmKRSz2Dw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"50e3a21b4c884891c15dc7fa4c18c31e69c8b21e0350aa5b43c86b42afcfd156","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40.095629Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40.095629Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1703.06036","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PPaxs8k6TmtKNM/yYYzoaS/moWarPQ2YlHAS2w9afZInW4F1soj//8+ieHEG8wsp9Rf+53DK5GhSWwOdFpvQCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T07:06:53.675411Z"},"content_sha256":"59b930520b29a4fd32d67ee493313bd678e94ace83f856412663f9f0022b1cb7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:59b930520b29a4fd32d67ee493313bd678e94ace83f856412663f9f0022b1cb7"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:KDR2EG2MRBEJDQK5Y75EYGGDDZ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Effects of the finite particle size in turbulent wall-bounded flows of dense suspensions","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Francesco Picano, Luca Brandt, Pedro Costa, Wim-Paul Breugem","submitted_at":"2017-03-17T14:47:37Z","abstract_excerpt":"We use interface-resolved simulations to study finite-size effects in turbulent channel flow of neutrally-buoyant spheres. Two cases with particle sizes differing by a factor of 2, at the same solid volume fraction of 20% and bulk Reynolds number are considered. These are complemented with two reference single-phase flows: the unladen case, and the flow of a Newtonian fluid with the effective suspension viscosity of the same mixture in the laminar regime. As recently highlighted in Costa et al. (PRL 117, 134501), a particle-wall layer is responsible for deviations of the statistics from what i"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1703.06036","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1703.06036/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ccYBrx1+XKcPdGfoY1EI/11l/MdoIknSKZckt6Z/QTnfBZ266rHIlALv/gcpGC4+RR8p0cVTDcAhP6MVJmZCCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T07:06:53.675981Z"},"content_sha256":"1354e546b99a1fb5469b30c8cb21952d5322f3da8279e60cf9b4da4dc4968db6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1354e546b99a1fb5469b30c8cb21952d5322f3da8279e60cf9b4da4dc4968db6"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KDR2EG2MRBEJDQK5Y75EYGGDDZ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KDR2EG2MRBEJDQK5Y75EYGGDDZ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KDR2EG2MRBEJDQK5Y75EYGGDDZ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-05T07:06:53Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/KDR2EG2MRBEJDQK5Y75EYGGDDZ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/KDR2EG2MRBEJDQK5Y75EYGGDDZ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/KDR2EG2MRBEJDQK5Y75EYGGDDZ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KDR2EG2MRBEJDQK5Y75EYGGDDZ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:KDR2EG2MRBEJDQK5Y75EYGGDDZ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"228d8eab7602a369b82d94adbba625f5f157ec93d8616584f3b796c57c05dbb9","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2017-03-17T14:47:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"caa2b0e3a06a55612450238a271c3dce0fad2fa1191ce9fea75b0d8aa1cddb80"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1703.06036","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1703.06036","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1703.06036v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1703.06036","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KDR2EG2MRBEJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KDR2EG2MRBEJDQK5","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KDR2EG2M","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:1354e546b99a1fb5469b30c8cb21952d5322f3da8279e60cf9b4da4dc4968db6","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1703.06036/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We use interface-resolved simulations to study finite-size effects in turbulent channel flow of neutrally-buoyant spheres. Two cases with particle sizes differing by a factor of 2, at the same solid volume fraction of 20% and bulk Reynolds number are considered. These are complemented with two reference single-phase flows: the unladen case, and the flow of a Newtonian fluid with the effective suspension viscosity of the same mixture in the laminar regime. As recently highlighted in Costa et al. (PRL 117, 134501), a particle-wall layer is responsible for deviations of the statistics from what i","authors_text":"Francesco Picano, Luca Brandt, Pedro Costa, Wim-Paul Breugem","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2017-03-17T14:47:37Z","title":"Effects of the finite particle size in turbulent wall-bounded flows of dense suspensions"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1703.06036","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:59b930520b29a4fd32d67ee493313bd678e94ace83f856412663f9f0022b1cb7","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"228d8eab7602a369b82d94adbba625f5f157ec93d8616584f3b796c57c05dbb9","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2017-03-17T14:47:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"caa2b0e3a06a55612450238a271c3dce0fad2fa1191ce9fea75b0d8aa1cddb80"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1703.06036","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"50e3a21b4c884891c15dc7fa4c18c31e69c8b21e0350aa5b43c86b42afcfd156","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"50e3a21b4c884891c15dc7fa4c18c31e69c8b21e0350aa5b43c86b42afcfd156","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40.095629Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40.095629Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"5UDL7qBt3Bqzd6zIBzr+0ArTqx/UTn32TNUYjY0n1dSgF2iG35LREWrNIO8lk0VCEwx86M5aNQR32gmKRSz2Dw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:16:40.095989Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1703.06036","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:59b930520b29a4fd32d67ee493313bd678e94ace83f856412663f9f0022b1cb7","sha256:1354e546b99a1fb5469b30c8cb21952d5322f3da8279e60cf9b4da4dc4968db6"],"state_sha256":"bca5189a8b3f3ac4a872354200a60b1e4461a85db5a7e81da510272398b2d76a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"t8nIoE3XmwU/vwpxzc5G+2VLBWHgWrYT/Tui/7DMfuGJ7W4w4a8J2dWGmCMVYP6B+5xXQxdpyOIxRODte3YmDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T07:06:53.679495Z","bundle_sha256":"bb5fba37fe452737fd738113a56469483bc39f7e3e05c168738061ca0581fc00"}}