{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:KGEIYQ2BB7QQ5ZWPOR6SX2XOYA","short_pith_number":"pith:KGEIYQ2B","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2408.00928","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2024-08-01T21:35:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.RM"],"title_canon_sha256":"43a6aae9f0685f36e612f4ef08ebd04ddf8fe34ec03dedfb1a4bc0dc0b3af28a","abstract_canon_sha256":"7a9c8f9df09a44533473837d6ee9d900535973e61bb2caa0f8e0b3d98a0b825f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"51888c43410fe10ee6cf747d2beaeec00d83d38097e26fa5956a4b5de79203df","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2408.00928","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2408.00928","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2408.00928v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2408.00928","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KGEIYQ2BB7QQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KGEIYQ2BB7QQ5ZWP","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KGEIYQ2B","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:KGEIYQ2BB7QQ5ZWPOR6SX2XOYA","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2408.00928","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2024-08-01T21:35:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.RM"],"title_canon_sha256":"43a6aae9f0685f36e612f4ef08ebd04ddf8fe34ec03dedfb1a4bc0dc0b3af28a","abstract_canon_sha256":"7a9c8f9df09a44533473837d6ee9d900535973e61bb2caa0f8e0b3d98a0b825f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"51888c43410fe10ee6cf747d2beaeec00d83d38097e26fa5956a4b5de79203df","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24.447571Z","signature_b64":"Nuv/9pbEfjN8jtODC0zGdQcqF4mpgUswwm6etJ1OiySivKTcY3RD6tloem3+rWbIvMdgrejMMB3GBt48q4wsDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"51888c43410fe10ee6cf747d2beaeec00d83d38097e26fa5956a4b5de79203df","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24.447100Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24.447100Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2408.00928","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UBshcoM66DnREq7w8HHKDM+fvPmy1FFDiD7reAY/FMkxYOYle+KM1Yh/eZIz1S9bzMR4OsMoPjLCX2dtX1s1AA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T16:47:17.078425Z"},"content_sha256":"1491fedf6b457db201aafb8096c1a0cc408ae284befd63ffddc43306ed5779d3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1491fedf6b457db201aafb8096c1a0cc408ae284befd63ffddc43306ed5779d3"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:KGEIYQ2BB7QQ5ZWPOR6SX2XOYA","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"How much should you pay for restaking security?","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["q-fin.RM"],"primary_cat":"cs.GT","authors_text":"Mallesh Pai, Tarun Chitra","submitted_at":"2024-08-01T21:35:44Z","abstract_excerpt":"Restaking protocols have aggregated billions of dollars of security by utilizing token incentives and payments. A natural question to ask is: How much security do restaked services \\emph{really} need to purchase? To answer this question, we expand a model of Durvasula and Roughgarden [DR24] that includes incentives and an expanded threat model consisting of strategic attackers and users. Our model shows that an adversary with a strictly submodular profit combined with strategic node operators who respond to incentives can avoid the large-scale cascading failures of~[DR24]. We utilize our model"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2408.00928","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2408.00928/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"EnfRozwnk+McKYVG0U74AZMYp/KuTGPXT0+TZLZFAo0qp6WLiJSYBnxgxDf4ILG3vK/z6Bgb+GrUmM/IYcLTBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T16:47:17.079394Z"},"content_sha256":"49e7336ca9beced5172b9af12c0ecf615effde3c5416bdcd55f024efa2a5a14e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:49e7336ca9beced5172b9af12c0ecf615effde3c5416bdcd55f024efa2a5a14e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KGEIYQ2BB7QQ5ZWPOR6SX2XOYA/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KGEIYQ2BB7QQ5ZWPOR6SX2XOYA/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KGEIYQ2BB7QQ5ZWPOR6SX2XOYA/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-19T16:47:17Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/KGEIYQ2BB7QQ5ZWPOR6SX2XOYA","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/KGEIYQ2BB7QQ5ZWPOR6SX2XOYA/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/KGEIYQ2BB7QQ5ZWPOR6SX2XOYA/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KGEIYQ2BB7QQ5ZWPOR6SX2XOYA/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:KGEIYQ2BB7QQ5ZWPOR6SX2XOYA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7a9c8f9df09a44533473837d6ee9d900535973e61bb2caa0f8e0b3d98a0b825f","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.RM"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2024-08-01T21:35:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"43a6aae9f0685f36e612f4ef08ebd04ddf8fe34ec03dedfb1a4bc0dc0b3af28a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2408.00928","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2408.00928","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2408.00928v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2408.00928","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KGEIYQ2BB7QQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KGEIYQ2BB7QQ5ZWP","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KGEIYQ2B","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:49e7336ca9beced5172b9af12c0ecf615effde3c5416bdcd55f024efa2a5a14e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2408.00928/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Restaking protocols have aggregated billions of dollars of security by utilizing token incentives and payments. A natural question to ask is: How much security do restaked services \\emph{really} need to purchase? To answer this question, we expand a model of Durvasula and Roughgarden [DR24] that includes incentives and an expanded threat model consisting of strategic attackers and users. Our model shows that an adversary with a strictly submodular profit combined with strategic node operators who respond to incentives can avoid the large-scale cascading failures of~[DR24]. We utilize our model","authors_text":"Mallesh Pai, Tarun Chitra","cross_cats":["q-fin.RM"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2024-08-01T21:35:44Z","title":"How much should you pay for restaking security?"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2408.00928","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1491fedf6b457db201aafb8096c1a0cc408ae284befd63ffddc43306ed5779d3","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7a9c8f9df09a44533473837d6ee9d900535973e61bb2caa0f8e0b3d98a0b825f","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.RM"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2024-08-01T21:35:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"43a6aae9f0685f36e612f4ef08ebd04ddf8fe34ec03dedfb1a4bc0dc0b3af28a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2408.00928","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"51888c43410fe10ee6cf747d2beaeec00d83d38097e26fa5956a4b5de79203df","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"51888c43410fe10ee6cf747d2beaeec00d83d38097e26fa5956a4b5de79203df","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24.447100Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24.447100Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Nuv/9pbEfjN8jtODC0zGdQcqF4mpgUswwm6etJ1OiySivKTcY3RD6tloem3+rWbIvMdgrejMMB3GBt48q4wsDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:51:24.447571Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2408.00928","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1491fedf6b457db201aafb8096c1a0cc408ae284befd63ffddc43306ed5779d3","sha256:49e7336ca9beced5172b9af12c0ecf615effde3c5416bdcd55f024efa2a5a14e"],"state_sha256":"38709528907cdcf907b62f16d13cc2b5fdb7ae3d4f315bb52fb9a73f2f68c72d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"z9CK0odsPx8bDJLkwOfrABKlKJBIyJqA1hS0Rl8YEWJzjeQ5ZVgKBw+JDPCqwxQRK9xMii3+PxGPm5Ervm5cBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T16:47:17.086994Z","bundle_sha256":"27c84a7191c40c44dfb0e994a1c2570194a688845634a87ef5916a8fd4e41306"}}