{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2001:KI2TW2XE4KV3IERUYTDFDMRYWO","short_pith_number":"pith:KI2TW2XE","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"hep-lat/0107018","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-lat","submitted_at":"2001-07-25T14:36:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph","hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"16bc715fe3123a296ce46d445d2bc1cf7f7903f58504a835a3fdf75418946891","abstract_canon_sha256":"d0466d7b96282cd0b003c304f05b53fbb6e806b011dbaabb5195da99aa3dd784"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"52353b6ae4e2abb41234c4c651b238b3be8e6d37783771b2230aa42f9ecf33b1","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"hep-lat/0107018","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"hep-lat/0107018","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:24:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"hep-lat/0107018v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:24:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.hep-lat/0107018","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:24:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KI2TW2XE4KV3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KI2TW2XE4KV3IERU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KI2TW2XE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2001:KI2TW2XE4KV3IERUYTDFDMRYWO","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"hep-lat/0107018","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-lat","submitted_at":"2001-07-25T14:36:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph","hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"16bc715fe3123a296ce46d445d2bc1cf7f7903f58504a835a3fdf75418946891","abstract_canon_sha256":"d0466d7b96282cd0b003c304f05b53fbb6e806b011dbaabb5195da99aa3dd784"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"52353b6ae4e2abb41234c4c651b238b3be8e6d37783771b2230aa42f9ecf33b1","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:24:29.443834Z","signature_b64":"4wQ1NgFwjl9uvLcx56/lLcAk9ZTlxAISBPMb8c7zfUl5UJIDlWh7KZirqlvfbqXRZtRwa6ywJUhtPefK61FaBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"52353b6ae4e2abb41234c4c651b238b3be8e6d37783771b2230aa42f9ecf33b1","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:24:29.443366Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:24:29.443366Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"hep-lat/0107018","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:24:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"DA/n5SqCcenSXa6cu5rkzQNAWwVECZITsX5WndZDlFGdTi7CVkbDECTLSEx5+3UqhMBUecGn3Wq4W85kIulQBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-11T14:29:20.588749Z"},"content_sha256":"6cf4da451b4163cfb83942efc1cca78dd245eb4fd1c068fa3fa466ee3e1304ca","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6cf4da451b4163cfb83942efc1cca78dd245eb4fd1c068fa3fa466ee3e1304ca"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2001:KI2TW2XE4KV3IERUYTDFDMRYWO","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"'t Hooft Loops, Electric Flux Sectors and Confinement in SU(2) Yang-Mills Theory","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-ph","hep-th"],"primary_cat":"hep-lat","authors_text":"(2) University Erlangen-Nuremberg), CERN, Lorenz von Smekal (2) ((1) ETH Zurich, Philippe de Forcrand (1)","submitted_at":"2001-07-25T14:36:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"We use 't Hooft loops of maximal size on finite lattices to calculate the free energy in the sectors of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory with fixed electric flux as a function of temperature and (spatial) volume. Our results provide evidence for the mass gap. The confinement of electric fluxes in the low temperature phase and their condensation in the high temperature phase are demonstrated. In a surprisingly large scaling window around criticality, the transition is quantitatively well described by universal exponents and amplitude ratios relating the properties of the two phases."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"hep-lat/0107018","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:24:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Kzq4aLkmrbQnWnzYUdS/Rfar769tp2GnriqSap7kyW3xc00wAatpILCOfr58QUfE4fFuntpHiWzd/Wv+CgnnCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-11T14:29:20.589094Z"},"content_sha256":"0078a77bf5d83f7e4cd9f40fa58cd54d5c329b20d6a0c701fb047920adea08a1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0078a77bf5d83f7e4cd9f40fa58cd54d5c329b20d6a0c701fb047920adea08a1"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KI2TW2XE4KV3IERUYTDFDMRYWO/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KI2TW2XE4KV3IERUYTDFDMRYWO/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KI2TW2XE4KV3IERUYTDFDMRYWO/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-11T14:29:20Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/KI2TW2XE4KV3IERUYTDFDMRYWO","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/KI2TW2XE4KV3IERUYTDFDMRYWO/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/KI2TW2XE4KV3IERUYTDFDMRYWO/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KI2TW2XE4KV3IERUYTDFDMRYWO/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2001:KI2TW2XE4KV3IERUYTDFDMRYWO","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d0466d7b96282cd0b003c304f05b53fbb6e806b011dbaabb5195da99aa3dd784","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph","hep-th"],"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-lat","submitted_at":"2001-07-25T14:36:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"16bc715fe3123a296ce46d445d2bc1cf7f7903f58504a835a3fdf75418946891"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"hep-lat/0107018","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"hep-lat/0107018","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:24:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"hep-lat/0107018v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:24:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.hep-lat/0107018","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:24:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KI2TW2XE4KV3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KI2TW2XE4KV3IERU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KI2TW2XE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0078a77bf5d83f7e4cd9f40fa58cd54d5c329b20d6a0c701fb047920adea08a1","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:24:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We use 't Hooft loops of maximal size on finite lattices to calculate the free energy in the sectors of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory with fixed electric flux as a function of temperature and (spatial) volume. Our results provide evidence for the mass gap. The confinement of electric fluxes in the low temperature phase and their condensation in the high temperature phase are demonstrated. In a surprisingly large scaling window around criticality, the transition is quantitatively well described by universal exponents and amplitude ratios relating the properties of the two phases.","authors_text":"(2) University Erlangen-Nuremberg), CERN, Lorenz von Smekal (2) ((1) ETH Zurich, Philippe de Forcrand (1)","cross_cats":["hep-ph","hep-th"],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"hep-lat","submitted_at":"2001-07-25T14:36:04Z","title":"'t Hooft Loops, Electric Flux Sectors and Confinement in SU(2) Yang-Mills Theory"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"hep-lat/0107018","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:6cf4da451b4163cfb83942efc1cca78dd245eb4fd1c068fa3fa466ee3e1304ca","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:24:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d0466d7b96282cd0b003c304f05b53fbb6e806b011dbaabb5195da99aa3dd784","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph","hep-th"],"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-lat","submitted_at":"2001-07-25T14:36:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"16bc715fe3123a296ce46d445d2bc1cf7f7903f58504a835a3fdf75418946891"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"hep-lat/0107018","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"52353b6ae4e2abb41234c4c651b238b3be8e6d37783771b2230aa42f9ecf33b1","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"52353b6ae4e2abb41234c4c651b238b3be8e6d37783771b2230aa42f9ecf33b1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:24:29.443366Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:24:29.443366Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"4wQ1NgFwjl9uvLcx56/lLcAk9ZTlxAISBPMb8c7zfUl5UJIDlWh7KZirqlvfbqXRZtRwa6ywJUhtPefK61FaBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:24:29.443834Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"hep-lat/0107018","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:6cf4da451b4163cfb83942efc1cca78dd245eb4fd1c068fa3fa466ee3e1304ca","sha256:0078a77bf5d83f7e4cd9f40fa58cd54d5c329b20d6a0c701fb047920adea08a1"],"state_sha256":"2f12430cca28312cada399d7d7a0f8a341cb30c857cd70092560fb7e9a947fee"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"awA0JekinWNmtiuo/o+//NI10mNGTgSdmqLbigwaZYStb/lrLZf5flaDMNLDQVMsZvrtetOmYTrOKjuf+sLRDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-11T14:29:20.590971Z","bundle_sha256":"7ee58c14179c0facc01c9861af55d6016e89a4bd15841d1c5160d116f7894b2a"}}