{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2005:KIQJ7PZ3ZKJXU3OV2NQ4OLZIVR","short_pith_number":"pith:KIQJ7PZ3","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0502473","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2005-02-23T02:32:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"72f9bd74bb34001a0120643c03e211d5492f41732fdeebf1f5dae53dfbed785a","abstract_canon_sha256":"56da0fef9ba0b258a2e91367c8cf31df7c290b54b6e02c96fe3a8f0d4900d914"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"52209fbf3bca937a6dd5d361c72f28ac6b4aa6ad9da34a7945046c70efc652eb","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"astro-ph/0502473","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0502473","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0502473v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0502473","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KIQJ7PZ3ZKJX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KIQJ7PZ3ZKJXU3OV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KIQJ7PZ3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:53Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2005:KIQJ7PZ3ZKJXU3OV2NQ4OLZIVR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0502473","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2005-02-23T02:32:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"72f9bd74bb34001a0120643c03e211d5492f41732fdeebf1f5dae53dfbed785a","abstract_canon_sha256":"56da0fef9ba0b258a2e91367c8cf31df7c290b54b6e02c96fe3a8f0d4900d914"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"52209fbf3bca937a6dd5d361c72f28ac6b4aa6ad9da34a7945046c70efc652eb","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:30.199256Z","signature_b64":"NtDiBJKlOHVSQFt6MqnWrzzph8vp2+cZYyaYDObi+AgQbgU21GL5tJiH5A5W57jQ2MJ+yrVrZy268eEx7fApDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"52209fbf3bca937a6dd5d361c72f28ac6b4aa6ad9da34a7945046c70efc652eb","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:30.198844Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:30.198844Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"astro-ph/0502473","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"gNVH+LLzJ883J0E5FZ2dREKwvEhfmeNLVz6P+9GW1AfAbi/1dDmllJPjTQZIDVBSpypxQ3pC0P34PG7sseiHCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T01:41:18.318170Z"},"content_sha256":"d67bfa0f4e0167ac7ac7ecc24cb2175c30f417c46a153f5260ddd10644b90dda","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d67bfa0f4e0167ac7ac7ecc24cb2175c30f417c46a153f5260ddd10644b90dda"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2005:KIQJ7PZ3ZKJXU3OV2NQ4OLZIVR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Beaming Factor and Other Open Questions In GRB Jets","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"Tsvi Piran","submitted_at":"2005-02-23T02:32:44Z","abstract_excerpt":"I review several central open questions concerning GRB Jets. 1) I discuss a new estimates of the beaming correction for the rate of GRBs ~ 75 +- 20. 2) I discuss the universal structured jet (USJ) model and conclude that while jets might be structured they are less likely to be universal. 3) I discuss recent observations of a sideways expansion of a GRB afterglow and compare these with current hydrodynamics simulations of jet evolution. 4) I discuss the implications of resent outliers to the energy-angle relation."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0502473","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"poAmb+SMas5eeksOmoTirjdfWkAXHbh+dmcu/6LyJBBM1r03rhCq5rMzJ+hks4IpiSD3NhCkQqPQqhlvG8sxCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T01:41:18.318530Z"},"content_sha256":"0bd5cb4458af821ffbddc806970ff549fafbcb2918b2b75b0b5131ec28ba68ad","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0bd5cb4458af821ffbddc806970ff549fafbcb2918b2b75b0b5131ec28ba68ad"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KIQJ7PZ3ZKJXU3OV2NQ4OLZIVR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KIQJ7PZ3ZKJXU3OV2NQ4OLZIVR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KIQJ7PZ3ZKJXU3OV2NQ4OLZIVR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T01:41:18Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/KIQJ7PZ3ZKJXU3OV2NQ4OLZIVR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/KIQJ7PZ3ZKJXU3OV2NQ4OLZIVR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/KIQJ7PZ3ZKJXU3OV2NQ4OLZIVR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KIQJ7PZ3ZKJXU3OV2NQ4OLZIVR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2005:KIQJ7PZ3ZKJXU3OV2NQ4OLZIVR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"56da0fef9ba0b258a2e91367c8cf31df7c290b54b6e02c96fe3a8f0d4900d914","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2005-02-23T02:32:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"72f9bd74bb34001a0120643c03e211d5492f41732fdeebf1f5dae53dfbed785a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/0502473","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0502473","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0502473v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0502473","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KIQJ7PZ3ZKJX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KIQJ7PZ3ZKJXU3OV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KIQJ7PZ3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:53Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0bd5cb4458af821ffbddc806970ff549fafbcb2918b2b75b0b5131ec28ba68ad","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"I review several central open questions concerning GRB Jets. 1) I discuss a new estimates of the beaming correction for the rate of GRBs ~ 75 +- 20. 2) I discuss the universal structured jet (USJ) model and conclude that while jets might be structured they are less likely to be universal. 3) I discuss recent observations of a sideways expansion of a GRB afterglow and compare these with current hydrodynamics simulations of jet evolution. 4) I discuss the implications of resent outliers to the energy-angle relation.","authors_text":"Tsvi Piran","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2005-02-23T02:32:44Z","title":"The Beaming Factor and Other Open Questions In GRB Jets"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0502473","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d67bfa0f4e0167ac7ac7ecc24cb2175c30f417c46a153f5260ddd10644b90dda","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"56da0fef9ba0b258a2e91367c8cf31df7c290b54b6e02c96fe3a8f0d4900d914","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2005-02-23T02:32:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"72f9bd74bb34001a0120643c03e211d5492f41732fdeebf1f5dae53dfbed785a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/0502473","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"52209fbf3bca937a6dd5d361c72f28ac6b4aa6ad9da34a7945046c70efc652eb","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"52209fbf3bca937a6dd5d361c72f28ac6b4aa6ad9da34a7945046c70efc652eb","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:30.198844Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:30.198844Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"NtDiBJKlOHVSQFt6MqnWrzzph8vp2+cZYyaYDObi+AgQbgU21GL5tJiH5A5W57jQ2MJ+yrVrZy268eEx7fApDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:30.199256Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"astro-ph/0502473","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d67bfa0f4e0167ac7ac7ecc24cb2175c30f417c46a153f5260ddd10644b90dda","sha256:0bd5cb4458af821ffbddc806970ff549fafbcb2918b2b75b0b5131ec28ba68ad"],"state_sha256":"0b21a5a5a8f2ff0fb5a2b87b75738e2b763d668c2dca87708fa7023dfdb42624"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Rv7JetVa2EERXFmcfIxhKYmJo6zDbYuJny5LqtLmhzj+DG+JhVJcad7jKv1QK7GYdTC0tqx1UkZqaK84vihrAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T01:41:18.320646Z","bundle_sha256":"cd05ef3afe9a4e8a65306c6b8c5e9e39cbd90ba6e3b797ed0bfa77f5155c1cab"}}