{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:KKBEWKGKYZVW4F6TH326HV27UZ","short_pith_number":"pith:KKBEWKGK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2411.15668","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","submitted_at":"2024-11-23T23:13:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"2a47fc00f800a26ccfe5e0c8a890eb0684bc223098be190822142a05a3d90500","abstract_canon_sha256":"77ecd988827a3294adcd6b8fc23a26729502fb087080be70aa2e4e6381acffe2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"52824b28cac66b6e17d33ef5e3d75fa675a51c5d5017fd39a058a6a8b692fc6a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2411.15668","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2411.15668","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2411.15668v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2411.15668","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KKBEWKGKYZVW","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KKBEWKGKYZVW4F6T","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KKBEWKGK","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:KKBEWKGKYZVW4F6TH326HV27UZ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2411.15668","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","submitted_at":"2024-11-23T23:13:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"2a47fc00f800a26ccfe5e0c8a890eb0684bc223098be190822142a05a3d90500","abstract_canon_sha256":"77ecd988827a3294adcd6b8fc23a26729502fb087080be70aa2e4e6381acffe2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"52824b28cac66b6e17d33ef5e3d75fa675a51c5d5017fd39a058a6a8b692fc6a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38.916157Z","signature_b64":"3a74dK7abs3BUubCux9pgvZizTRhw5rN9dhgfUYaIaiFGNyX4aSWyBswR+I9ik9ncmOhbFvIO1mQiM2GcY20AA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"52824b28cac66b6e17d33ef5e3d75fa675a51c5d5017fd39a058a6a8b692fc6a","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38.915682Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38.915682Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2411.15668","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ib0oIT+YEOnWwNaY6LgvQeyl/pFG36GAwevei96TuoIebAjDUyqHYKemHnMmNBVMU132soJz+fP6sVPPy8Y9Ag==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T02:28:20.390777Z"},"content_sha256":"9abcc0c76707826b22d2ee27d32bbdf559ff417569db0e52e5ffe41dd1d9a610","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9abcc0c76707826b22d2ee27d32bbdf559ff417569db0e52e5ffe41dd1d9a610"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:KKBEWKGKYZVW4F6TH326HV27UZ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Advances in understanding vacuum break dynamics in liquid helium-cooled tubes for accelerator beamline applications","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","authors_text":"Wei Guo, Yinghe Qi","submitted_at":"2024-11-23T23:13:23Z","abstract_excerpt":"Understanding air propagation and condensation following a catastrophic vacuum break in particle accelerator beamlines cooled by liquid helium is essential for ensuring operational safety. This review summarizes experimental and theoretical work conducted in our cryogenics lab to address this issue. Systematic measurements were performed to study nitrogen gas propagation in uniform copper tubes cooled by both normal liquid helium (He I) and superfluid helium (He II). These experiments revealed a nearly exponential deceleration of the gas front, with stronger deceleration observed in He II-cool"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2411.15668","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2411.15668/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"q95NapMCHd5dEaHPfuV1ioGf76e3gqKR1BjaLNji0I4vn1IiSxRV2R49H+KhxabN1f5O1q4ppeKjwGydVnB5Bg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T02:28:20.391521Z"},"content_sha256":"3d0567808f70ce1ae3f67d77dec8e520e8b19832742d21f705766880dad34e4f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3d0567808f70ce1ae3f67d77dec8e520e8b19832742d21f705766880dad34e4f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KKBEWKGKYZVW4F6TH326HV27UZ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KKBEWKGKYZVW4F6TH326HV27UZ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KKBEWKGKYZVW4F6TH326HV27UZ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-13T02:28:20Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/KKBEWKGKYZVW4F6TH326HV27UZ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/KKBEWKGKYZVW4F6TH326HV27UZ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/KKBEWKGKYZVW4F6TH326HV27UZ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KKBEWKGKYZVW4F6TH326HV27UZ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:KKBEWKGKYZVW4F6TH326HV27UZ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"77ecd988827a3294adcd6b8fc23a26729502fb087080be70aa2e4e6381acffe2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","submitted_at":"2024-11-23T23:13:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"2a47fc00f800a26ccfe5e0c8a890eb0684bc223098be190822142a05a3d90500"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2411.15668","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2411.15668","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2411.15668v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2411.15668","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KKBEWKGKYZVW","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KKBEWKGKYZVW4F6T","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KKBEWKGK","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3d0567808f70ce1ae3f67d77dec8e520e8b19832742d21f705766880dad34e4f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2411.15668/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Understanding air propagation and condensation following a catastrophic vacuum break in particle accelerator beamlines cooled by liquid helium is essential for ensuring operational safety. This review summarizes experimental and theoretical work conducted in our cryogenics lab to address this issue. Systematic measurements were performed to study nitrogen gas propagation in uniform copper tubes cooled by both normal liquid helium (He I) and superfluid helium (He II). These experiments revealed a nearly exponential deceleration of the gas front, with stronger deceleration observed in He II-cool","authors_text":"Wei Guo, Yinghe Qi","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","submitted_at":"2024-11-23T23:13:23Z","title":"Advances in understanding vacuum break dynamics in liquid helium-cooled tubes for accelerator beamline applications"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2411.15668","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:9abcc0c76707826b22d2ee27d32bbdf559ff417569db0e52e5ffe41dd1d9a610","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"77ecd988827a3294adcd6b8fc23a26729502fb087080be70aa2e4e6381acffe2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","submitted_at":"2024-11-23T23:13:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"2a47fc00f800a26ccfe5e0c8a890eb0684bc223098be190822142a05a3d90500"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2411.15668","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"52824b28cac66b6e17d33ef5e3d75fa675a51c5d5017fd39a058a6a8b692fc6a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"52824b28cac66b6e17d33ef5e3d75fa675a51c5d5017fd39a058a6a8b692fc6a","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38.915682Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38.915682Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"3a74dK7abs3BUubCux9pgvZizTRhw5rN9dhgfUYaIaiFGNyX4aSWyBswR+I9ik9ncmOhbFvIO1mQiM2GcY20AA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:39:38.916157Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2411.15668","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:9abcc0c76707826b22d2ee27d32bbdf559ff417569db0e52e5ffe41dd1d9a610","sha256:3d0567808f70ce1ae3f67d77dec8e520e8b19832742d21f705766880dad34e4f"],"state_sha256":"0f2c89cf2822ac834a52468b66f5820ab3de8eb83c50e85e0392466bb9928ad2"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0Lmclp0W6S5CJBc7CPwb7XgqXxaf6RLwDSVrt3uRLFMpdP/BF8p9yZXAnzHBLARXvzYCHvakobHV9R87h7U/Ag==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T02:28:20.397604Z","bundle_sha256":"478f00c038dccd12bff5606a419c622ab346630526719bfdec68fbeec335eb37"}}