{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:KKU77B52DTILEQVPMYXKRGUOLT","short_pith_number":"pith:KKU77B52","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2106.09316","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2021-06-17T08:34:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.SP","math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"a8b897e39ab12e564d9144b052507d8a756fefc8671665643105c09c17ea519f","abstract_canon_sha256":"50b9a21acebf22342d7e702e9f637f1bef23b9a7cd168bc456d02cbc9325f24f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"52a9ff87ba1cd0b242af662ea89a8e5ce4702c8102d143326c9398c0cd74ff45","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2106.09316","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2106.09316","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2106.09316v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2106.09316","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KKU77B52DTIL","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KKU77B52DTILEQVP","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KKU77B52","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:KKU77B52DTILEQVPMYXKRGUOLT","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2106.09316","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2021-06-17T08:34:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.SP","math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"a8b897e39ab12e564d9144b052507d8a756fefc8671665643105c09c17ea519f","abstract_canon_sha256":"50b9a21acebf22342d7e702e9f637f1bef23b9a7cd168bc456d02cbc9325f24f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"52a9ff87ba1cd0b242af662ea89a8e5ce4702c8102d143326c9398c0cd74ff45","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12.779933Z","signature_b64":"goGa6V0nGtrU3xmwDMmKddxNkyeRKuDk3jh992sKD2Drs1mEgrxTeFouBc8lg64DuVH1Te4fY0cPWObGIgRcAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"52a9ff87ba1cd0b242af662ea89a8e5ce4702c8102d143326c9398c0cd74ff45","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12.779510Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12.779510Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2106.09316","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"AuayYa0J1s/ah54hS23WIZCU+ZRhZeomk4lT+HBMeL/L5v/vmFgdk4x38kYl3wyFA+yWnay2/r8BQmRhrfiaAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T08:14:36.858088Z"},"content_sha256":"c72bed55fe6fb60d8644ac681814f23732f7ea290b13c228e42ffbd44aa01c0f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c72bed55fe6fb60d8644ac681814f23732f7ea290b13c228e42ffbd44aa01c0f"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:KKU77B52DTILEQVPMYXKRGUOLT","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Optimized Power Control Design for Over-the-Air Federated Edge Learning","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["eess.SP","math.IT"],"primary_cat":"cs.IT","authors_text":"Guangxu Zhu, Jie Xu, Shuguang Cui, Xiaowen Cao, Zhiqin Wang","submitted_at":"2021-06-17T08:34:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"This paper investigates the transmission power control in over-the-air federated edge learning (Air-FEEL) system. Different from conventional power control designs (e.g., to minimize the individual mean squared error (MSE) of the over-the-air aggregation at each round), we consider a new power control design aiming at directly maximizing the convergence speed. Towards this end, we first analyze the convergence behavior of Air-FEEL (in terms of the optimality gap) subject to aggregation errors at different communication rounds. It is revealed that if the aggregation estimates are unbiased, then"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2106.09316","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2106.09316/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2U4xVmvVDk3yrBcU8pULWPqhnGZA5/bgMCcUgQqF5CdkfuxsoY8ezNYzGQQRUE+1QCU1X3No4ijPm9cmbfvRCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T08:14:36.858715Z"},"content_sha256":"d1b61cf34e826607d7040dddf319c83e81d3e20d9b348e86aeb53f06ccc13c22","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d1b61cf34e826607d7040dddf319c83e81d3e20d9b348e86aeb53f06ccc13c22"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KKU77B52DTILEQVPMYXKRGUOLT/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KKU77B52DTILEQVPMYXKRGUOLT/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KKU77B52DTILEQVPMYXKRGUOLT/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-13T08:14:36Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/KKU77B52DTILEQVPMYXKRGUOLT","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/KKU77B52DTILEQVPMYXKRGUOLT/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/KKU77B52DTILEQVPMYXKRGUOLT/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KKU77B52DTILEQVPMYXKRGUOLT/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:KKU77B52DTILEQVPMYXKRGUOLT","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"50b9a21acebf22342d7e702e9f637f1bef23b9a7cd168bc456d02cbc9325f24f","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.SP","math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2021-06-17T08:34:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"a8b897e39ab12e564d9144b052507d8a756fefc8671665643105c09c17ea519f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2106.09316","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2106.09316","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2106.09316v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2106.09316","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KKU77B52DTIL","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KKU77B52DTILEQVP","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KKU77B52","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d1b61cf34e826607d7040dddf319c83e81d3e20d9b348e86aeb53f06ccc13c22","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2106.09316/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This paper investigates the transmission power control in over-the-air federated edge learning (Air-FEEL) system. Different from conventional power control designs (e.g., to minimize the individual mean squared error (MSE) of the over-the-air aggregation at each round), we consider a new power control design aiming at directly maximizing the convergence speed. Towards this end, we first analyze the convergence behavior of Air-FEEL (in terms of the optimality gap) subject to aggregation errors at different communication rounds. It is revealed that if the aggregation estimates are unbiased, then","authors_text":"Guangxu Zhu, Jie Xu, Shuguang Cui, Xiaowen Cao, Zhiqin Wang","cross_cats":["eess.SP","math.IT"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2021-06-17T08:34:04Z","title":"Optimized Power Control Design for Over-the-Air Federated Edge Learning"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2106.09316","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c72bed55fe6fb60d8644ac681814f23732f7ea290b13c228e42ffbd44aa01c0f","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"50b9a21acebf22342d7e702e9f637f1bef23b9a7cd168bc456d02cbc9325f24f","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.SP","math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2021-06-17T08:34:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"a8b897e39ab12e564d9144b052507d8a756fefc8671665643105c09c17ea519f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2106.09316","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"52a9ff87ba1cd0b242af662ea89a8e5ce4702c8102d143326c9398c0cd74ff45","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"52a9ff87ba1cd0b242af662ea89a8e5ce4702c8102d143326c9398c0cd74ff45","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12.779510Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12.779510Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"goGa6V0nGtrU3xmwDMmKddxNkyeRKuDk3jh992sKD2Drs1mEgrxTeFouBc8lg64DuVH1Te4fY0cPWObGIgRcAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:12.779933Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2106.09316","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c72bed55fe6fb60d8644ac681814f23732f7ea290b13c228e42ffbd44aa01c0f","sha256:d1b61cf34e826607d7040dddf319c83e81d3e20d9b348e86aeb53f06ccc13c22"],"state_sha256":"675fbb765a26d51cbc335683510763f933f1df33b9930c165a37b6d74fd97f12"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6BrUMXs9y0hte3SP6F3tISqE26wronp+zGDzPiGt5b1aB2zHE30YHhIt+6By4rgpaf+w5poyOJ4q9kStUV3UCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T08:14:36.863891Z","bundle_sha256":"25f68ebef2f744768b4f4f46c59f855f02c3fcf8177986a826396a730ba1615c"}}