{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2022:KKUYYN4XHJBCSD4OJTWPO7GQXS","short_pith_number":"pith:KKUYYN4X","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"52a98c37973a42290f8e4cecf77cd0bcbc3a5f4ac92bbcfa6845837d9bbd05ea","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2211.16113","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Timing-Based Backpropagation in Spiking Neural Networks Without Single-Spike Restrictions","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.NE","authors_text":"Kakei Yamamoto, Kazuyuki Aihara, Yusuke Sakemi","submitted_at":"2022-11-29T11:38:33Z","abstract_excerpt":"We propose a novel backpropagation algorithm for training spiking neural networks (SNNs) that encodes information in the relative multiple spike timing of individual neurons without single-spike restrictions. The proposed algorithm inherits the advantages of conventional timing-based methods in that it computes accurate gradients with respect to spike timing, which promotes ideal temporal coding. Unlike conventional methods where each neuron fires at most once, the proposed algorithm allows each neuron to fire multiple times. This extension naturally improves the computational capacity of SNNs"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2211.16113","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2022-11-29T11:38:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"7d1bd27799293eb3d2440b264064c931b91bfcddddce30be66176a8e430f1128","abstract_canon_sha256":"67d1c1973c12887c9b76a6d93aeb68b7841800a2bb02d9cd885d4346ce6fc546"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:39:18.571866Z","signature_b64":"ROhpmkaCTa19e5JhW8KFp8fqr3AnsOJWawGy84D9F8aTZxIPhN4Myly68GDRfzbw5sjXQ2PmuvkQi4Y2NhkRDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"52a98c37973a42290f8e4cecf77cd0bcbc3a5f4ac92bbcfa6845837d9bbd05ea","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:39:18.571230Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:39:18.571230Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Timing-Based Backpropagation in Spiking Neural Networks Without Single-Spike Restrictions","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.NE","authors_text":"Kakei Yamamoto, Kazuyuki Aihara, Yusuke Sakemi","submitted_at":"2022-11-29T11:38:33Z","abstract_excerpt":"We propose a novel backpropagation algorithm for training spiking neural networks (SNNs) that encodes information in the relative multiple spike timing of individual neurons without single-spike restrictions. The proposed algorithm inherits the advantages of conventional timing-based methods in that it computes accurate gradients with respect to spike timing, which promotes ideal temporal coding. Unlike conventional methods where each neuron fires at most once, the proposed algorithm allows each neuron to fire multiple times. This extension naturally improves the computational capacity of SNNs"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2211.16113","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2211.16113","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:39:18.571335+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2211.16113v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:39:18.571335+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2211.16113","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:39:18.571335+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KKUYYN4XHJBC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:33.725879+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KKUYYN4XHJBCSD4O","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:33.725879+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KKUYYN4X","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:33.725879+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/KKUYYN4XHJBCSD4OJTWPO7GQXS","json":"https://pith.science/pith/KKUYYN4XHJBCSD4OJTWPO7GQXS.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/KKUYYN4XHJBCSD4OJTWPO7GQXS/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/KKUYYN4XHJBCSD4OJTWPO7GQXS/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/KKUYYN4X"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/KKUYYN4XHJBCSD4OJTWPO7GQXS","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/KKUYYN4XHJBCSD4OJTWPO7GQXS.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/KKUYYN4X","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2211.16113&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/KKUYYN4XHJBCSD4OJTWPO7GQXS/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/KKUYYN4XHJBCSD4OJTWPO7GQXS/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/KKUYYN4XHJBCSD4OJTWPO7GQXS/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/KKUYYN4XHJBCSD4OJTWPO7GQXS/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/KKUYYN4XHJBCSD4OJTWPO7GQXS/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/KKUYYN4XHJBCSD4OJTWPO7GQXS/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/KKUYYN4XHJBCSD4OJTWPO7GQXS/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:39:18.571335+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-17T23:39:18.571335+00:00"}