{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:KLBLJZQEYXR23YWS2XPT4ZQDGV","short_pith_number":"pith:KLBLJZQE","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2406.14722","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2024-06-20T20:37:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"93907ed352a2e8f5d35c31aec58146833d9708d09bd3b8b92d03066979bb1130","abstract_canon_sha256":"9b74f9285cb763d0af083200cd42c028aea54d68a7b5ebf364256af7fedd7048"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"52c2b4e604c5e3ade2d2d5df3e6603355cbb74edc6cae45951a63af791dd6583","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2406.14722","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2406.14722","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2406.14722v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2406.14722","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KLBLJZQEYXR2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KLBLJZQEYXR23YWS","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KLBLJZQE","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:KLBLJZQEYXR23YWS2XPT4ZQDGV","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2406.14722","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2024-06-20T20:37:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"93907ed352a2e8f5d35c31aec58146833d9708d09bd3b8b92d03066979bb1130","abstract_canon_sha256":"9b74f9285cb763d0af083200cd42c028aea54d68a7b5ebf364256af7fedd7048"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"52c2b4e604c5e3ade2d2d5df3e6603355cbb74edc6cae45951a63af791dd6583","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47.495603Z","signature_b64":"kqiu1Eb8OMpmrnAxpNrAO/gUmQMcS6BNLbmbJqNX65DrwG6lFgKBD/FLoKZNVfF05Bb1P6RD9IZyK8/HXrONCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"52c2b4e604c5e3ade2d2d5df3e6603355cbb74edc6cae45951a63af791dd6583","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47.495140Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47.495140Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2406.14722","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tcVsbJbtbl2zkCgeFHi/jT89gSBgzGvEh3dSAOhYhhDu2wB70YPjKrV5mB/CZw8PTPaKERRdjg10nD1z3s+dDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T20:26:27.751388Z"},"content_sha256":"7071315c6ebef381b349bd5cb8f1f6477719fae4527eac245d932b7990a4f231","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7071315c6ebef381b349bd5cb8f1f6477719fae4527eac245d932b7990a4f231"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:KLBLJZQEYXR23YWS2XPT4ZQDGV","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Does GPT Really Get It? A Hierarchical Scale to Quantify Human vs AI's Understanding of Algorithms","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.AI","authors_text":"Mirabel Reid, Santosh S. Vempala","submitted_at":"2024-06-20T20:37:55Z","abstract_excerpt":"As Large Language Models (LLMs) perform (and sometimes excel at) more and more complex cognitive tasks, a natural question is whether AI really understands. The study of understanding in LLMs is in its infancy, and the community has yet to incorporate well-trodden research in philosophy, psychology, and education. We initiate this, specifically focusing on understanding algorithms, and propose a hierarchy of levels of understanding. We use the hierarchy to design and conduct a study with human subjects (undergraduate and graduate students) as well as large language models (generations of GPT),"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2406.14722","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2406.14722/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4u3WrhKbyDA5zWIjRRgl19T8G4Qj+GiCXd5RPHI5Yfhtitl5qdxULPptbep2d5sOAs4aF8PDI0fB5sf3bWg4DA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T20:26:27.751881Z"},"content_sha256":"4d68b2eae12c89d9fbd6be54f3e51085da54ba7c3b8371b718f037f131cb88f3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4d68b2eae12c89d9fbd6be54f3e51085da54ba7c3b8371b718f037f131cb88f3"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KLBLJZQEYXR23YWS2XPT4ZQDGV/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KLBLJZQEYXR23YWS2XPT4ZQDGV/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KLBLJZQEYXR23YWS2XPT4ZQDGV/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-08T20:26:27Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/KLBLJZQEYXR23YWS2XPT4ZQDGV","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/KLBLJZQEYXR23YWS2XPT4ZQDGV/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/KLBLJZQEYXR23YWS2XPT4ZQDGV/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KLBLJZQEYXR23YWS2XPT4ZQDGV/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:KLBLJZQEYXR23YWS2XPT4ZQDGV","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9b74f9285cb763d0af083200cd42c028aea54d68a7b5ebf364256af7fedd7048","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2024-06-20T20:37:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"93907ed352a2e8f5d35c31aec58146833d9708d09bd3b8b92d03066979bb1130"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2406.14722","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2406.14722","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2406.14722v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2406.14722","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KLBLJZQEYXR2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KLBLJZQEYXR23YWS","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KLBLJZQE","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4d68b2eae12c89d9fbd6be54f3e51085da54ba7c3b8371b718f037f131cb88f3","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2406.14722/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"As Large Language Models (LLMs) perform (and sometimes excel at) more and more complex cognitive tasks, a natural question is whether AI really understands. The study of understanding in LLMs is in its infancy, and the community has yet to incorporate well-trodden research in philosophy, psychology, and education. We initiate this, specifically focusing on understanding algorithms, and propose a hierarchy of levels of understanding. We use the hierarchy to design and conduct a study with human subjects (undergraduate and graduate students) as well as large language models (generations of GPT),","authors_text":"Mirabel Reid, Santosh S. Vempala","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2024-06-20T20:37:55Z","title":"Does GPT Really Get It? A Hierarchical Scale to Quantify Human vs AI's Understanding of Algorithms"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2406.14722","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7071315c6ebef381b349bd5cb8f1f6477719fae4527eac245d932b7990a4f231","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9b74f9285cb763d0af083200cd42c028aea54d68a7b5ebf364256af7fedd7048","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2024-06-20T20:37:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"93907ed352a2e8f5d35c31aec58146833d9708d09bd3b8b92d03066979bb1130"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2406.14722","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"52c2b4e604c5e3ade2d2d5df3e6603355cbb74edc6cae45951a63af791dd6583","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"52c2b4e604c5e3ade2d2d5df3e6603355cbb74edc6cae45951a63af791dd6583","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47.495140Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47.495140Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"kqiu1Eb8OMpmrnAxpNrAO/gUmQMcS6BNLbmbJqNX65DrwG6lFgKBD/FLoKZNVfF05Bb1P6RD9IZyK8/HXrONCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:02:47.495603Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2406.14722","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7071315c6ebef381b349bd5cb8f1f6477719fae4527eac245d932b7990a4f231","sha256:4d68b2eae12c89d9fbd6be54f3e51085da54ba7c3b8371b718f037f131cb88f3"],"state_sha256":"9d7f7ab7661ea4077b02030204849a4fe28261d4e05d404617f4f840256f6a81"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KtgrJ5aWSdCQfwgBXGKLPepborWpbjYTU1Tgb9QqJ2IeLVF6ITcOehVWa7MRWH6J/koHMFTcrY9WMUb7tH7NCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T20:26:27.756309Z","bundle_sha256":"50c044f4240670023ea2bec6c12223883817c21fbc336b79e1f3aa7f5e5698ff"}}