{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2011:KQ4N5GU4S7VNDXEEHWQAJSEDAK","short_pith_number":"pith:KQ4N5GU4","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"5438de9a9c97ead1dc843da004c88302ac32628b79f6a1c1983d7179d50e1056","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1108.3346","version":3},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Massless particle creation in a f(R) expanding universe","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"E. C. Rom\\~ao, J. C. Z. Aguilar, S. H. Pereira","submitted_at":"2011-08-16T20:17:27Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper we present an exact solution to the spectrum of massless particle creation for a power law expansion of the scale factor of the form $t^{2n/3}$ for real scalar particles in a flat and matter dominated universe. Such an evolution follows from a modified theory of gravity of the type $f(R)=\\beta R^n$, and it is showed that the spectrum of created particles is $\\beta$ independent. We find that greater the value of $n$ smaller is the number of created particles. We study in detail the spectrum of the total particle number created for $n=1\\pm \\varepsilon$, with $\\varepsilon = 0.1$, a "},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1108.3346","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2011-08-16T20:17:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"e0951520e1deb0ce0ba69fe75b286d9c184506129b160f678e7e0e2ae5f4ad60","abstract_canon_sha256":"027734324fb73ed5475742c3d4323e839cef47b94e434fefd5f24415c309b324"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:20:57.152576Z","signature_b64":"51rDLX5jH0F0odK3p9m5joiklmDPKljkuAko2aRloJIyp9cYaMA4exsS0pj2CMv1Crdjenmk0m1WrjYN9BTWDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5438de9a9c97ead1dc843da004c88302ac32628b79f6a1c1983d7179d50e1056","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:20:57.151956Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:20:57.151956Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Massless particle creation in a f(R) expanding universe","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"E. C. Rom\\~ao, J. C. Z. Aguilar, S. H. Pereira","submitted_at":"2011-08-16T20:17:27Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper we present an exact solution to the spectrum of massless particle creation for a power law expansion of the scale factor of the form $t^{2n/3}$ for real scalar particles in a flat and matter dominated universe. Such an evolution follows from a modified theory of gravity of the type $f(R)=\\beta R^n$, and it is showed that the spectrum of created particles is $\\beta$ independent. We find that greater the value of $n$ smaller is the number of created particles. We study in detail the spectrum of the total particle number created for $n=1\\pm \\varepsilon$, with $\\varepsilon = 0.1$, a "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1108.3346","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1108.3346","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:20:57.152043+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1108.3346v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:20:57.152043+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1108.3346","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:20:57.152043+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KQ4N5GU4S7VN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:34.985390+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KQ4N5GU4S7VNDXEE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:34.985390+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KQ4N5GU4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:34.985390+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/KQ4N5GU4S7VNDXEEHWQAJSEDAK","json":"https://pith.science/pith/KQ4N5GU4S7VNDXEEHWQAJSEDAK.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/KQ4N5GU4S7VNDXEEHWQAJSEDAK/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/KQ4N5GU4S7VNDXEEHWQAJSEDAK/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/KQ4N5GU4"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/KQ4N5GU4S7VNDXEEHWQAJSEDAK","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/KQ4N5GU4S7VNDXEEHWQAJSEDAK.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/KQ4N5GU4","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1108.3346&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/KQ4N5GU4S7VNDXEEHWQAJSEDAK/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/KQ4N5GU4S7VNDXEEHWQAJSEDAK/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/KQ4N5GU4S7VNDXEEHWQAJSEDAK/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/KQ4N5GU4S7VNDXEEHWQAJSEDAK/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/KQ4N5GU4S7VNDXEEHWQAJSEDAK/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/KQ4N5GU4S7VNDXEEHWQAJSEDAK/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/KQ4N5GU4S7VNDXEEHWQAJSEDAK/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:20:57.152043+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T03:20:57.152043+00:00"}