{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:KREW3DZT7MJ4RVI35GYGHT73GN","short_pith_number":"pith:KREW3DZT","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2009.08850","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2020-09-18T14:15:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b08b7ec1c6ed4dce8c5f10705edb30e5b5e3931e3c48bc480269eba9f930d6b0","abstract_canon_sha256":"13b8c1668897f645d6ecbd803bd1bd5eb6591dd29aa789bd783f6f6d998d00ee"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"54496d8f33fb13c8d51be9b063cffb335aa26f14cabdadb8d4fdbd6633d78e52","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2009.08850","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2009.08850","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2009.08850v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2009.08850","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KREW3DZT7MJ4","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KREW3DZT7MJ4RVI3","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KREW3DZT","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:KREW3DZT7MJ4RVI35GYGHT73GN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2009.08850","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2020-09-18T14:15:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b08b7ec1c6ed4dce8c5f10705edb30e5b5e3931e3c48bc480269eba9f930d6b0","abstract_canon_sha256":"13b8c1668897f645d6ecbd803bd1bd5eb6591dd29aa789bd783f6f6d998d00ee"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"54496d8f33fb13c8d51be9b063cffb335aa26f14cabdadb8d4fdbd6633d78e52","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23.056053Z","signature_b64":"TDV1+NOlnE9AhmWjVzsJQwFnrG6CZjr7gnexFy5hfuaCSP63KqNh1L+cJqs989t8Xl44RFK989LUD/WT+pt2Dw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"54496d8f33fb13c8d51be9b063cffb335aa26f14cabdadb8d4fdbd6633d78e52","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23.055657Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23.055657Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2009.08850","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jnanIfodq4jAAdufexZcedRFaaaR0Mf6mTK5b30q29TEoE0lHV4ETzazdci2slVyDo+SRTY4I1E6Vr8fDZDwCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T08:04:24.051513Z"},"content_sha256":"d15353c2a48f47d4973602c3c24494361f039a978c59b40c0998e2c01021dd3d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d15353c2a48f47d4973602c3c24494361f039a978c59b40c0998e2c01021dd3d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:KREW3DZT7MJ4RVI35GYGHT73GN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"On the limitations of probabilistic claims about the probative value of mixed DNA profile evidence","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"stat.AP","authors_text":"Allan Jamieson, Martin Neil, Norman Fenton, Sara Gomes","submitted_at":"2020-09-18T14:15:28Z","abstract_excerpt":"The likelihood ratio (LR) is a commonly used measure for determining the strength of forensic match evidence. When a forensic expert determines a high LR for DNA found at a crime scene matching the DNA profile of a suspect they typically report that 'this provides strong support for the prosecution hypothesis that the DNA comes from the suspect'. However, even with a high LR, the evidence might not support the prosecution hypothesis if the defence hypothesis used to determine the LR is not the negation of the prosecution hypothesis (such as when the alternative is 'DNA comes from a person unre"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2009.08850","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2009.08850/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ZCx3P5e+7Ej2QElEWi117wYxRKRkntdznuqoj16c9EyoEa2MQERBwjVypYt72u1Fs+YyW20NjQ1U3CCXKTKjDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T08:04:24.051884Z"},"content_sha256":"b22ac62905d28701347c27bbf4837039d422a68c5bbdc6ce1e3adc196dc2d203","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b22ac62905d28701347c27bbf4837039d422a68c5bbdc6ce1e3adc196dc2d203"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KREW3DZT7MJ4RVI35GYGHT73GN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KREW3DZT7MJ4RVI35GYGHT73GN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KREW3DZT7MJ4RVI35GYGHT73GN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-07T08:04:24Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/KREW3DZT7MJ4RVI35GYGHT73GN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/KREW3DZT7MJ4RVI35GYGHT73GN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/KREW3DZT7MJ4RVI35GYGHT73GN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KREW3DZT7MJ4RVI35GYGHT73GN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:KREW3DZT7MJ4RVI35GYGHT73GN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"13b8c1668897f645d6ecbd803bd1bd5eb6591dd29aa789bd783f6f6d998d00ee","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2020-09-18T14:15:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"b08b7ec1c6ed4dce8c5f10705edb30e5b5e3931e3c48bc480269eba9f930d6b0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2009.08850","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2009.08850","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2009.08850v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2009.08850","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KREW3DZT7MJ4","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KREW3DZT7MJ4RVI3","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KREW3DZT","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b22ac62905d28701347c27bbf4837039d422a68c5bbdc6ce1e3adc196dc2d203","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2009.08850/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The likelihood ratio (LR) is a commonly used measure for determining the strength of forensic match evidence. When a forensic expert determines a high LR for DNA found at a crime scene matching the DNA profile of a suspect they typically report that 'this provides strong support for the prosecution hypothesis that the DNA comes from the suspect'. However, even with a high LR, the evidence might not support the prosecution hypothesis if the defence hypothesis used to determine the LR is not the negation of the prosecution hypothesis (such as when the alternative is 'DNA comes from a person unre","authors_text":"Allan Jamieson, Martin Neil, Norman Fenton, Sara Gomes","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2020-09-18T14:15:28Z","title":"On the limitations of probabilistic claims about the probative value of mixed DNA profile evidence"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2009.08850","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d15353c2a48f47d4973602c3c24494361f039a978c59b40c0998e2c01021dd3d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"13b8c1668897f645d6ecbd803bd1bd5eb6591dd29aa789bd783f6f6d998d00ee","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2020-09-18T14:15:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"b08b7ec1c6ed4dce8c5f10705edb30e5b5e3931e3c48bc480269eba9f930d6b0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2009.08850","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"54496d8f33fb13c8d51be9b063cffb335aa26f14cabdadb8d4fdbd6633d78e52","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"54496d8f33fb13c8d51be9b063cffb335aa26f14cabdadb8d4fdbd6633d78e52","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23.055657Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23.055657Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"TDV1+NOlnE9AhmWjVzsJQwFnrG6CZjr7gnexFy5hfuaCSP63KqNh1L+cJqs989t8Xl44RFK989LUD/WT+pt2Dw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:36:23.056053Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2009.08850","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d15353c2a48f47d4973602c3c24494361f039a978c59b40c0998e2c01021dd3d","sha256:b22ac62905d28701347c27bbf4837039d422a68c5bbdc6ce1e3adc196dc2d203"],"state_sha256":"3da15f1c31291487b73d6141a83f98805d57f20ae83f7f72b740300308dccfd2"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"FSXYisUZEB6diO+x2ET4wxbJXgcImVruV6YBomvm2wSGQIcR+fCUT0avHyUtAs03FwrpsGxqnS5xIPBz7AonCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T08:04:24.053820Z","bundle_sha256":"c33b7987a4898c80006924d6f43497ebf3a3f64d342e82856912341eba86e882"}}