{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:KSUTLPRV6M24KWYGDEP2P3QPO6","short_pith_number":"pith:KSUTLPRV","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2007.15197","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2020-07-30T02:58:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"b6e34337a112f8b7a19dc9e21796c89a7dbf263fbaa2b83a317326c1f9176e96","abstract_canon_sha256":"9ea6a0254e2774239631d681b4d6084301f2a2b230ec66e98af307fcd87d3c90"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"54a935be35f335c55b06191fa7ee0f77819ec55554dac77127e2493371267222","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2007.15197","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2007.15197","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2007.15197v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2007.15197","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KSUTLPRV6M24","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KSUTLPRV6M24KWYG","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KSUTLPRV","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:KSUTLPRV6M24KWYGDEP2P3QPO6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2007.15197","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2020-07-30T02:58:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"b6e34337a112f8b7a19dc9e21796c89a7dbf263fbaa2b83a317326c1f9176e96","abstract_canon_sha256":"9ea6a0254e2774239631d681b4d6084301f2a2b230ec66e98af307fcd87d3c90"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"54a935be35f335c55b06191fa7ee0f77819ec55554dac77127e2493371267222","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05.655286Z","signature_b64":"jH/RBR+dqtQukyolMkBGJJoVBfs19H2jfvzyqrpHySWAcQm4GMLqb0E556BDkrhhjVwDZmjM7inGsL0kWh3KCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"54a935be35f335c55b06191fa7ee0f77819ec55554dac77127e2493371267222","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05.654802Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05.654802Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2007.15197","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"roEthkwaTqdtoHOEE80MuvRdPHlT2lNV2sOdpngp6C4VnM7lO5vaTuqo+YNPeb3ZMVe8dl6R+T5l7eoYmGg5DA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T08:50:40.877048Z"},"content_sha256":"5d2de55e7d88ff75569b2ba0ccefedc7b18d437e961ed5d3d7299874463fbc09","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5d2de55e7d88ff75569b2ba0ccefedc7b18d437e961ed5d3d7299874463fbc09"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:KSUTLPRV6M24KWYGDEP2P3QPO6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Communication-Efficient Federated Learning via Optimal Client Sampling","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["stat.ML"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Haris Vikalo, Monica Ribero","submitted_at":"2020-07-30T02:58:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"Federated learning (FL) ameliorates privacy concerns in settings where a central server coordinates learning from data distributed across many clients. The clients train locally and communicate the models they learn to the server; aggregation of local models requires frequent communication of large amounts of information between the clients and the central server. We propose a novel, simple and efficient way of updating the central model in communication-constrained settings based on collecting models from clients with informative updates and estimating local updates that were not communicated"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2007.15197","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2007.15197/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"BZmAF2ACeHFm4m84VeYHaD6wPENJ8wx1uhAW2x+4/qM1FUDigwBEhIMJBEVfJQsAtlOv0DaAo5KFtZ0lkQwdBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T08:50:40.877543Z"},"content_sha256":"0695aaa6d98caa848d3fe333c612cf6275fdbd806dfc6b10fb925da3f73863a1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0695aaa6d98caa848d3fe333c612cf6275fdbd806dfc6b10fb925da3f73863a1"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KSUTLPRV6M24KWYGDEP2P3QPO6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KSUTLPRV6M24KWYGDEP2P3QPO6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KSUTLPRV6M24KWYGDEP2P3QPO6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-08T08:50:40Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/KSUTLPRV6M24KWYGDEP2P3QPO6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/KSUTLPRV6M24KWYGDEP2P3QPO6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/KSUTLPRV6M24KWYGDEP2P3QPO6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KSUTLPRV6M24KWYGDEP2P3QPO6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:KSUTLPRV6M24KWYGDEP2P3QPO6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9ea6a0254e2774239631d681b4d6084301f2a2b230ec66e98af307fcd87d3c90","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2020-07-30T02:58:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"b6e34337a112f8b7a19dc9e21796c89a7dbf263fbaa2b83a317326c1f9176e96"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2007.15197","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2007.15197","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2007.15197v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2007.15197","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KSUTLPRV6M24","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KSUTLPRV6M24KWYG","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KSUTLPRV","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0695aaa6d98caa848d3fe333c612cf6275fdbd806dfc6b10fb925da3f73863a1","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2007.15197/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Federated learning (FL) ameliorates privacy concerns in settings where a central server coordinates learning from data distributed across many clients. The clients train locally and communicate the models they learn to the server; aggregation of local models requires frequent communication of large amounts of information between the clients and the central server. We propose a novel, simple and efficient way of updating the central model in communication-constrained settings based on collecting models from clients with informative updates and estimating local updates that were not communicated","authors_text":"Haris Vikalo, Monica Ribero","cross_cats":["stat.ML"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2020-07-30T02:58:00Z","title":"Communication-Efficient Federated Learning via Optimal Client Sampling"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2007.15197","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:5d2de55e7d88ff75569b2ba0ccefedc7b18d437e961ed5d3d7299874463fbc09","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9ea6a0254e2774239631d681b4d6084301f2a2b230ec66e98af307fcd87d3c90","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2020-07-30T02:58:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"b6e34337a112f8b7a19dc9e21796c89a7dbf263fbaa2b83a317326c1f9176e96"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2007.15197","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"54a935be35f335c55b06191fa7ee0f77819ec55554dac77127e2493371267222","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"54a935be35f335c55b06191fa7ee0f77819ec55554dac77127e2493371267222","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05.654802Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05.654802Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"jH/RBR+dqtQukyolMkBGJJoVBfs19H2jfvzyqrpHySWAcQm4GMLqb0E556BDkrhhjVwDZmjM7inGsL0kWh3KCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:43:05.655286Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2007.15197","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:5d2de55e7d88ff75569b2ba0ccefedc7b18d437e961ed5d3d7299874463fbc09","sha256:0695aaa6d98caa848d3fe333c612cf6275fdbd806dfc6b10fb925da3f73863a1"],"state_sha256":"aa539f21f9d670159fc14c00d4e6f92751b011f0efcebb681d360dea3eade74c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"eoaBd0Z4M7SOisCxO7elCwJ7S+NMsLLeAblwhfHF75Yi0d8SrlGAQe9FsBuKnrc7E8oFKVX51CLgoZ9IO1WaBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T08:50:40.882246Z","bundle_sha256":"30b4a5e8e0272e13c89dfce937a53573eef26436051744adbdfbed6e80c99806"}}