{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:KT2WDYVM5RRTBXTHJ7RBFOPBSR","short_pith_number":"pith:KT2WDYVM","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2111.04257","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2021-11-08T03:45:51Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"title_canon_sha256":"50394220fd1685b1aad77725c2ba31c3707845a9c1d7cfb82829202214c7f6c7","abstract_canon_sha256":"a7da8d2a44abbcd2a8f02d5fbc5d140656d1d66586841011c6960e6628856167"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"54f561e2acec6330de674fe212b9e1946217db5b68fc176127197da25d13a139","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2111.04257","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2111.04257","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2111.04257v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2111.04257","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KT2WDYVM5RRT","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KT2WDYVM5RRTBXTH","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KT2WDYVM","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:KT2WDYVM5RRTBXTHJ7RBFOPBSR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2111.04257","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2021-11-08T03:45:51Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"title_canon_sha256":"50394220fd1685b1aad77725c2ba31c3707845a9c1d7cfb82829202214c7f6c7","abstract_canon_sha256":"a7da8d2a44abbcd2a8f02d5fbc5d140656d1d66586841011c6960e6628856167"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"54f561e2acec6330de674fe212b9e1946217db5b68fc176127197da25d13a139","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56.999997Z","signature_b64":"tQeG4X1Mpbv1DwP1tJ3kp9Pst8OFcElNOJZs6qotxS8+iPTy0NHCNXzJ65HeduUizKitI2ucLFYEpw/IVHj5Cw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"54f561e2acec6330de674fe212b9e1946217db5b68fc176127197da25d13a139","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56.999418Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56.999418Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2111.04257","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"oajJy1EwcXCsAHQnmAyXcMf3TtFaE7iLi64gkTnoVR640g70hIvjrSJZLVnVWho/xhHiBOp4GEkD6CRaqwbEAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T14:07:51.297904Z"},"content_sha256":"347017148472708d6ba78a0b026ca0d1f90b9021c80cb068d7dec4154e23c491","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:347017148472708d6ba78a0b026ca0d1f90b9021c80cb068d7dec4154e23c491"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:KT2WDYVM5RRTBXTHJ7RBFOPBSR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Transverse mode-encoded quantum gate on a silicon photonic chip","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.optics"],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Dao-Xin Dai, De-Yong He, Di Liu, Fang-Ming Jing, Guang-Can Guo, Guo-Ping Guo, Lan-Tian Feng, Ming Zhang, Xiao Xiong, Xiao-Zhuo Qi, Xi-Feng Ren, Yang Chen, Yu-Jie Cheng","submitted_at":"2021-11-08T03:45:51Z","abstract_excerpt":"As an important degree of freedom (DoF) in integrated photonic circuits, the orthogonal transverse mode provides a promising and flexible way to increasing communication capability, for both classical and quantum information processing. To construct large-scale on-chip multimode multi-DoF quantum systems, a transverse mode-encoded controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate is necessary. Here, through design and integrate transverse mode-dependent directional coupler and attenuators on a silicon photonic chip, we demonstrate the first multimode implementation of a two-qubit quantum gate. With the aid of state "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2111.04257","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2111.04257/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"WfTZLwprQCgCCsgsCaK9DiPHxrdbaAzmocwGzSIPyx5zSxh4x7cfOc/5n4AQhDhqQLRRjtLiWBeObfrUfGY7CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T14:07:51.298277Z"},"content_sha256":"dd0c940fae0c7ce0e5f880556a86179d0f0220aff3abf333844c2dcc16c01342","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:dd0c940fae0c7ce0e5f880556a86179d0f0220aff3abf333844c2dcc16c01342"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KT2WDYVM5RRTBXTHJ7RBFOPBSR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KT2WDYVM5RRTBXTHJ7RBFOPBSR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KT2WDYVM5RRTBXTHJ7RBFOPBSR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-06T14:07:51Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/KT2WDYVM5RRTBXTHJ7RBFOPBSR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/KT2WDYVM5RRTBXTHJ7RBFOPBSR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/KT2WDYVM5RRTBXTHJ7RBFOPBSR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KT2WDYVM5RRTBXTHJ7RBFOPBSR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:KT2WDYVM5RRTBXTHJ7RBFOPBSR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a7da8d2a44abbcd2a8f02d5fbc5d140656d1d66586841011c6960e6628856167","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2021-11-08T03:45:51Z","title_canon_sha256":"50394220fd1685b1aad77725c2ba31c3707845a9c1d7cfb82829202214c7f6c7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2111.04257","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2111.04257","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2111.04257v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2111.04257","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KT2WDYVM5RRT","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KT2WDYVM5RRTBXTH","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KT2WDYVM","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:dd0c940fae0c7ce0e5f880556a86179d0f0220aff3abf333844c2dcc16c01342","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2111.04257/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"As an important degree of freedom (DoF) in integrated photonic circuits, the orthogonal transverse mode provides a promising and flexible way to increasing communication capability, for both classical and quantum information processing. To construct large-scale on-chip multimode multi-DoF quantum systems, a transverse mode-encoded controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate is necessary. Here, through design and integrate transverse mode-dependent directional coupler and attenuators on a silicon photonic chip, we demonstrate the first multimode implementation of a two-qubit quantum gate. With the aid of state ","authors_text":"Dao-Xin Dai, De-Yong He, Di Liu, Fang-Ming Jing, Guang-Can Guo, Guo-Ping Guo, Lan-Tian Feng, Ming Zhang, Xiao Xiong, Xiao-Zhuo Qi, Xi-Feng Ren, Yang Chen, Yu-Jie Cheng","cross_cats":["physics.optics"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2021-11-08T03:45:51Z","title":"Transverse mode-encoded quantum gate on a silicon photonic chip"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2111.04257","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:347017148472708d6ba78a0b026ca0d1f90b9021c80cb068d7dec4154e23c491","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a7da8d2a44abbcd2a8f02d5fbc5d140656d1d66586841011c6960e6628856167","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2021-11-08T03:45:51Z","title_canon_sha256":"50394220fd1685b1aad77725c2ba31c3707845a9c1d7cfb82829202214c7f6c7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2111.04257","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"54f561e2acec6330de674fe212b9e1946217db5b68fc176127197da25d13a139","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"54f561e2acec6330de674fe212b9e1946217db5b68fc176127197da25d13a139","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56.999418Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56.999418Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"tQeG4X1Mpbv1DwP1tJ3kp9Pst8OFcElNOJZs6qotxS8+iPTy0NHCNXzJ65HeduUizKitI2ucLFYEpw/IVHj5Cw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:58:56.999997Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2111.04257","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:347017148472708d6ba78a0b026ca0d1f90b9021c80cb068d7dec4154e23c491","sha256:dd0c940fae0c7ce0e5f880556a86179d0f0220aff3abf333844c2dcc16c01342"],"state_sha256":"91522eae3480f8efc017324c31dbc57012a05a0f40c9cc2cf90b83099c776993"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2zeA+TW+gF+XYEayiqG4eBxrNzoZGAD1YLL3Jor99Lf0oPN2Glng40xIHfOIm4RbARUei78QITV3X/PVK1hWCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T14:07:51.300455Z","bundle_sha256":"bf4b98a2d140b285e0cff8d44551805219b2f83932b2a9421b98aaf80153db8e"}}