{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:KWLKAXND4WB5D76YEVUGM5C6M2","short_pith_number":"pith:KWLKAXND","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1701.03993","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","submitted_at":"2017-01-15T05:26:11Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.IT","math.IT","nlin.AO","q-bio.MN"],"title_canon_sha256":"bed4085bfdeda8efecd8f2158d88d541d1d312227651eb11d0cfeae7160a0df1","abstract_canon_sha256":"7007ae55caccc051444d9b53626323376a45b97f90997439a91fda22c1dc6a93"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5596a05da3e583d1ffd8256866745e66b63ba7c2ceca7dac908d3ba7095de197","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1701.03993","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1701.03993","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1701.03993v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1701.03993","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KWLKAXND4WB5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KWLKAXND4WB5D76Y","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KWLKAXND","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:28Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:KWLKAXND4WB5D76YEVUGM5C6M2","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1701.03993","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","submitted_at":"2017-01-15T05:26:11Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.IT","math.IT","nlin.AO","q-bio.MN"],"title_canon_sha256":"bed4085bfdeda8efecd8f2158d88d541d1d312227651eb11d0cfeae7160a0df1","abstract_canon_sha256":"7007ae55caccc051444d9b53626323376a45b97f90997439a91fda22c1dc6a93"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5596a05da3e583d1ffd8256866745e66b63ba7c2ceca7dac908d3ba7095de197","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:48.177451Z","signature_b64":"penqrzXhVTMhwouROfeacKhXJaXusL9BCVnhDEtTeDl4i27qYSfobR+lulHkkRdRI4losDNlB43zksKAQ3uIAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5596a05da3e583d1ffd8256866745e66b63ba7c2ceca7dac908d3ba7095de197","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:48.176830Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:48.176830Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1701.03993","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"BI/N+Gpg/rVUwe/A2f+SIZo25QMH6ud6niSlCBiLVmN5A5oBF9PpEWf9fxwd+rlFPddEhW0rUWjBnElyAg7UBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T16:36:28.623685Z"},"content_sha256":"a708d15b62b15475d82116187e7a8ad9c51aed9ef3dfcf6199a72cf1ab70e388","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a708d15b62b15475d82116187e7a8ad9c51aed9ef3dfcf6199a72cf1ab70e388"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:KWLKAXND4WB5D76YEVUGM5C6M2","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Origin of life in a digital microcosm","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.IT","math.IT","nlin.AO","q-bio.MN"],"primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","authors_text":"Arend Hintze, Christoph Adami (Michigan State University), Nitash C G, Thomas LaBar","submitted_at":"2017-01-15T05:26:11Z","abstract_excerpt":"While all organisms on Earth descend from a common ancestor, there is no consensus on whether the origin of this ancestral self-replicator was a one-off event or whether it was only the final survivor of multiple origins. Here we use the digital evolution system Avida to study the origin of self-replicating computer programs. By using a computational system, we avoid many of the uncertainties inherent in any biochemical system of self-replicators (while running the risk of ignoring a fundamental aspect of biochemistry). We generated the exhaustive set of minimal-genome self-replicators and ana"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1701.03993","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nvC8ex0V7E96ByYxPVIW4aJ0/ncmLDUE5JlLhGkXmYd1kwDPtPbM0UGBuzMPT6xwiGmNDG8HhHkbcDStdTNQAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T16:36:28.624342Z"},"content_sha256":"e055f59117e391ffef0c6afbe1716bc0c9a5bfda75e809b7e19c2853a7053d3e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e055f59117e391ffef0c6afbe1716bc0c9a5bfda75e809b7e19c2853a7053d3e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KWLKAXND4WB5D76YEVUGM5C6M2/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KWLKAXND4WB5D76YEVUGM5C6M2/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KWLKAXND4WB5D76YEVUGM5C6M2/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T16:36:28Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/KWLKAXND4WB5D76YEVUGM5C6M2","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/KWLKAXND4WB5D76YEVUGM5C6M2/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/KWLKAXND4WB5D76YEVUGM5C6M2/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KWLKAXND4WB5D76YEVUGM5C6M2/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:KWLKAXND4WB5D76YEVUGM5C6M2","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7007ae55caccc051444d9b53626323376a45b97f90997439a91fda22c1dc6a93","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.IT","math.IT","nlin.AO","q-bio.MN"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","submitted_at":"2017-01-15T05:26:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"bed4085bfdeda8efecd8f2158d88d541d1d312227651eb11d0cfeae7160a0df1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1701.03993","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1701.03993","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1701.03993v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1701.03993","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KWLKAXND4WB5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KWLKAXND4WB5D76Y","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KWLKAXND","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:28Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e055f59117e391ffef0c6afbe1716bc0c9a5bfda75e809b7e19c2853a7053d3e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"While all organisms on Earth descend from a common ancestor, there is no consensus on whether the origin of this ancestral self-replicator was a one-off event or whether it was only the final survivor of multiple origins. Here we use the digital evolution system Avida to study the origin of self-replicating computer programs. By using a computational system, we avoid many of the uncertainties inherent in any biochemical system of self-replicators (while running the risk of ignoring a fundamental aspect of biochemistry). We generated the exhaustive set of minimal-genome self-replicators and ana","authors_text":"Arend Hintze, Christoph Adami (Michigan State University), Nitash C G, Thomas LaBar","cross_cats":["cs.IT","math.IT","nlin.AO","q-bio.MN"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","submitted_at":"2017-01-15T05:26:11Z","title":"Origin of life in a digital microcosm"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1701.03993","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a708d15b62b15475d82116187e7a8ad9c51aed9ef3dfcf6199a72cf1ab70e388","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7007ae55caccc051444d9b53626323376a45b97f90997439a91fda22c1dc6a93","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.IT","math.IT","nlin.AO","q-bio.MN"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","submitted_at":"2017-01-15T05:26:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"bed4085bfdeda8efecd8f2158d88d541d1d312227651eb11d0cfeae7160a0df1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1701.03993","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"5596a05da3e583d1ffd8256866745e66b63ba7c2ceca7dac908d3ba7095de197","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5596a05da3e583d1ffd8256866745e66b63ba7c2ceca7dac908d3ba7095de197","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:48.176830Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:48.176830Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"penqrzXhVTMhwouROfeacKhXJaXusL9BCVnhDEtTeDl4i27qYSfobR+lulHkkRdRI4losDNlB43zksKAQ3uIAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:52:48.177451Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1701.03993","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a708d15b62b15475d82116187e7a8ad9c51aed9ef3dfcf6199a72cf1ab70e388","sha256:e055f59117e391ffef0c6afbe1716bc0c9a5bfda75e809b7e19c2853a7053d3e"],"state_sha256":"dbc62d683fd3d07e38e69ea844e55e71ded17eeb2b139e3a2278043927ecb87b"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"70RKv70QZQfdNoKZsZUNRrgWxhXF01lhR/WO7+UVW+b372Kkboa4IZdDXpe7oDAvmP2RoHN7XMeDH3xvsALsAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T16:36:28.628145Z","bundle_sha256":"75302d9ef3849b6d7f2752f01f1fc73d78d8b621b868b7e8b96cbb602b43044a"}}