{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:KWTJS5XRPDHK7XRSTRXHFRVVN3","short_pith_number":"pith:KWTJS5XR","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1603.02685","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-03-08T21:00:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ff897c3a82830a6fb83c3a0935d81fc29587e08018edb569a2bcc71979e661ab","abstract_canon_sha256":"98907ee71bf6ec8fd019667afd0a7e06d5383e0b3b558e77aefa99825b1f405c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"55a69976f178ceafde329c6e72c6b56ef18bf8adb236fb17d97e9da66a94a9a0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1603.02685","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1603.02685","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1603.02685v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1603.02685","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KWTJS5XRPDHK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KWTJS5XRPDHK7XRS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KWTJS5XR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:29Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:KWTJS5XRPDHK7XRSTRXHFRVVN3","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1603.02685","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-03-08T21:00:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ff897c3a82830a6fb83c3a0935d81fc29587e08018edb569a2bcc71979e661ab","abstract_canon_sha256":"98907ee71bf6ec8fd019667afd0a7e06d5383e0b3b558e77aefa99825b1f405c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"55a69976f178ceafde329c6e72c6b56ef18bf8adb236fb17d97e9da66a94a9a0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:28.694380Z","signature_b64":"pyiFX7T76bBpZnMqUXcKhygabLevlowfZFrWieayVo89vK9n7noj5MzLhj6OPwJLi7MYpHMEMFIIkX6I94kbBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"55a69976f178ceafde329c6e72c6b56ef18bf8adb236fb17d97e9da66a94a9a0","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:28.693914Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:28.693914Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1603.02685","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:28Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"joX98mvb6TC241Xbc1bl/zH9o01+H5NGYGNb/r/5qBeIcIVyeqUljVI18h9PMd1OBvaWoeSCw/eih1CVjjN8Cg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T15:08:04.259099Z"},"content_sha256":"b61110114b80e32a1952ad5af746e0c64094456a26f00193b4751fa1a50c2f64","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b61110114b80e32a1952ad5af746e0c64094456a26f00193b4751fa1a50c2f64"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:KWTJS5XRPDHK7XRSTRXHFRVVN3","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Declining rotation curves of galaxies as a test of gravitational theory","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Akram Hasani Zonoozi, Amir E. Bazkiaei, Hosein Haghi, Pavel Kroupa","submitted_at":"2016-03-08T21:00:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"Unlike Newtonian dynamics which is linear and obeys the strong equivalence principle, in any nonlinear gravitation such as Milgromian dynamics (MOND), the strong version of the equivalence principle is violated and the gravitational dynamics of a system is influenced by the external gravitational field in which it is embedded. This so called External Field Effect (EFE) is one of the important implications of MOND and provides a special context to test Milgromian dynamics. Here, we study the rotation curves (RCs) of 18 spiral galaxies and find that their shapes constrain the EFE. We show that t"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1603.02685","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:28Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4Ib3VaKSfFcdCiGXbBtW8mdpBN5ZlwkYypBilMO74IGCTn+wFm1PIzEAoWHHr/R1oagIOJcM1seXvOorvW4MBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T15:08:04.259813Z"},"content_sha256":"d3ec7e85eb361ff221131237619f16e3949f925f7e1c198598e2188b6fec3821","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d3ec7e85eb361ff221131237619f16e3949f925f7e1c198598e2188b6fec3821"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KWTJS5XRPDHK7XRSTRXHFRVVN3/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KWTJS5XRPDHK7XRSTRXHFRVVN3/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KWTJS5XRPDHK7XRSTRXHFRVVN3/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T15:08:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/KWTJS5XRPDHK7XRSTRXHFRVVN3","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/KWTJS5XRPDHK7XRSTRXHFRVVN3/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/KWTJS5XRPDHK7XRSTRXHFRVVN3/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KWTJS5XRPDHK7XRSTRXHFRVVN3/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:KWTJS5XRPDHK7XRSTRXHFRVVN3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"98907ee71bf6ec8fd019667afd0a7e06d5383e0b3b558e77aefa99825b1f405c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-03-08T21:00:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"ff897c3a82830a6fb83c3a0935d81fc29587e08018edb569a2bcc71979e661ab"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1603.02685","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1603.02685","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1603.02685v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1603.02685","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KWTJS5XRPDHK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KWTJS5XRPDHK7XRS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KWTJS5XR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:29Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d3ec7e85eb361ff221131237619f16e3949f925f7e1c198598e2188b6fec3821","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:28Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Unlike Newtonian dynamics which is linear and obeys the strong equivalence principle, in any nonlinear gravitation such as Milgromian dynamics (MOND), the strong version of the equivalence principle is violated and the gravitational dynamics of a system is influenced by the external gravitational field in which it is embedded. This so called External Field Effect (EFE) is one of the important implications of MOND and provides a special context to test Milgromian dynamics. Here, we study the rotation curves (RCs) of 18 spiral galaxies and find that their shapes constrain the EFE. We show that t","authors_text":"Akram Hasani Zonoozi, Amir E. Bazkiaei, Hosein Haghi, Pavel Kroupa","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-03-08T21:00:04Z","title":"Declining rotation curves of galaxies as a test of gravitational theory"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1603.02685","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b61110114b80e32a1952ad5af746e0c64094456a26f00193b4751fa1a50c2f64","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:28Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"98907ee71bf6ec8fd019667afd0a7e06d5383e0b3b558e77aefa99825b1f405c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-03-08T21:00:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"ff897c3a82830a6fb83c3a0935d81fc29587e08018edb569a2bcc71979e661ab"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1603.02685","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"55a69976f178ceafde329c6e72c6b56ef18bf8adb236fb17d97e9da66a94a9a0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"55a69976f178ceafde329c6e72c6b56ef18bf8adb236fb17d97e9da66a94a9a0","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:28.693914Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:28.693914Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"pyiFX7T76bBpZnMqUXcKhygabLevlowfZFrWieayVo89vK9n7noj5MzLhj6OPwJLi7MYpHMEMFIIkX6I94kbBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:18:28.694380Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1603.02685","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b61110114b80e32a1952ad5af746e0c64094456a26f00193b4751fa1a50c2f64","sha256:d3ec7e85eb361ff221131237619f16e3949f925f7e1c198598e2188b6fec3821"],"state_sha256":"a3d6a00c448ff1eacad0cdc578048f81039e1b7de2f23252a53f723c19c80d7f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"uGpYYpLFObhyxkaxqFa4/CwmHMrgniLnC55qWrh7YpsjlLM+AeeIh3onGA6gY1BmItGYJCGoiXUykqtPLZ9GDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T15:08:04.263367Z","bundle_sha256":"27fd3586d645f5ae5cdf16aaf71c1d66c4728ea90a54463c3765eb01e58b35fa"}}