{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:KXVRRQVYJF3YA6V7EHBOP2RGES","short_pith_number":"pith:KXVRRQVY","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2501.14326","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2025-01-24T08:39:50Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"68cb52239a4d798ac6432459cf284ac242c09c190f8845161092e37501000d5e","abstract_canon_sha256":"9a405e2050e109caca46856ee7d818e71b9461b055159a39d5fddcb945fd5686"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"55eb18c2b84977807abf21c2e7ea2624b76a35290f27042f1f06bda8d5ed6426","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2501.14326","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2501.14326","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2501.14326v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2501.14326","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KXVRRQVYJF3Y","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KXVRRQVYJF3YA6V7","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KXVRRQVY","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:KXVRRQVYJF3YA6V7EHBOP2RGES","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2501.14326","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2025-01-24T08:39:50Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"68cb52239a4d798ac6432459cf284ac242c09c190f8845161092e37501000d5e","abstract_canon_sha256":"9a405e2050e109caca46856ee7d818e71b9461b055159a39d5fddcb945fd5686"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"55eb18c2b84977807abf21c2e7ea2624b76a35290f27042f1f06bda8d5ed6426","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03.550237Z","signature_b64":"XRq9Gi3h4Dm7W3BwnlPSfGqV8dNZ/QRCy40K+MmHkNOK/QCu32Tx7xnj1fv5iJNTliCyCCDBiI9iEMzPEuXEAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"55eb18c2b84977807abf21c2e7ea2624b76a35290f27042f1f06bda8d5ed6426","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03.549722Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03.549722Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2501.14326","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"G1Xzdm1Fvzo571qccsr8QkTeFcq41RJ/EEvESsDIygsE1d1VG1DR+BlLhu+Rn1cduWciOCKtFdrIRWosMA6ZAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-19T18:23:49.678212Z"},"content_sha256":"fcbe445a720e791c808c4f13f515c42da49e30ce6c8a938b5fb58e2441ee0919","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fcbe445a720e791c808c4f13f515c42da49e30ce6c8a938b5fb58e2441ee0919"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:KXVRRQVYJF3YA6V7EHBOP2RGES","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Assessing Large Language Models in Comprehending and Verifying Concurrent Programs across Memory Models","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.SE","authors_text":"Rahul Purandare, Ridhi Jain","submitted_at":"2025-01-24T08:39:50Z","abstract_excerpt":"As concurrent programming becomes increasingly prevalent, effectively identifying and addressing concurrency issues such as data races and deadlocks is critical. This study evaluates the performance of several leading large language models (LLMs), including GPT-3.5-turbo, GPT-4, GPT-4o, GPT-4o-mini, and Mistral-AI's Large2, in understanding and analyzing concurrency issues within software programs. Given that relaxed memory models, such as Total Store Order (TSO) and Partial Store Order (PSO), are widely implemented and adapted in modern systems, supported even by commodity architectures like "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2501.14326","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2501.14326/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"U4dEMHMivVbG7aolrfOfSP2pw++csgvxPz+iOaK4EMMVBCFhd9PKGYKBkJfr01IwBFfmbR6Bzf0lIy0iUadLAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-19T18:23:49.678582Z"},"content_sha256":"d6164423833356126eec67e1cba7eefd25b04cf5fbb820ec83c5d623b69ce9e7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d6164423833356126eec67e1cba7eefd25b04cf5fbb820ec83c5d623b69ce9e7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KXVRRQVYJF3YA6V7EHBOP2RGES/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KXVRRQVYJF3YA6V7EHBOP2RGES/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KXVRRQVYJF3YA6V7EHBOP2RGES/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-19T18:23:49Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/KXVRRQVYJF3YA6V7EHBOP2RGES","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/KXVRRQVYJF3YA6V7EHBOP2RGES/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/KXVRRQVYJF3YA6V7EHBOP2RGES/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KXVRRQVYJF3YA6V7EHBOP2RGES/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:KXVRRQVYJF3YA6V7EHBOP2RGES","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9a405e2050e109caca46856ee7d818e71b9461b055159a39d5fddcb945fd5686","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2025-01-24T08:39:50Z","title_canon_sha256":"68cb52239a4d798ac6432459cf284ac242c09c190f8845161092e37501000d5e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2501.14326","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2501.14326","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2501.14326v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2501.14326","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KXVRRQVYJF3Y","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KXVRRQVYJF3YA6V7","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KXVRRQVY","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d6164423833356126eec67e1cba7eefd25b04cf5fbb820ec83c5d623b69ce9e7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2501.14326/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"As concurrent programming becomes increasingly prevalent, effectively identifying and addressing concurrency issues such as data races and deadlocks is critical. This study evaluates the performance of several leading large language models (LLMs), including GPT-3.5-turbo, GPT-4, GPT-4o, GPT-4o-mini, and Mistral-AI's Large2, in understanding and analyzing concurrency issues within software programs. Given that relaxed memory models, such as Total Store Order (TSO) and Partial Store Order (PSO), are widely implemented and adapted in modern systems, supported even by commodity architectures like ","authors_text":"Rahul Purandare, Ridhi Jain","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2025-01-24T08:39:50Z","title":"Assessing Large Language Models in Comprehending and Verifying Concurrent Programs across Memory Models"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2501.14326","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:fcbe445a720e791c808c4f13f515c42da49e30ce6c8a938b5fb58e2441ee0919","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9a405e2050e109caca46856ee7d818e71b9461b055159a39d5fddcb945fd5686","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2025-01-24T08:39:50Z","title_canon_sha256":"68cb52239a4d798ac6432459cf284ac242c09c190f8845161092e37501000d5e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2501.14326","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"55eb18c2b84977807abf21c2e7ea2624b76a35290f27042f1f06bda8d5ed6426","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"55eb18c2b84977807abf21c2e7ea2624b76a35290f27042f1f06bda8d5ed6426","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03.549722Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03.549722Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"XRq9Gi3h4Dm7W3BwnlPSfGqV8dNZ/QRCy40K+MmHkNOK/QCu32Tx7xnj1fv5iJNTliCyCCDBiI9iEMzPEuXEAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T12:05:03.550237Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2501.14326","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:fcbe445a720e791c808c4f13f515c42da49e30ce6c8a938b5fb58e2441ee0919","sha256:d6164423833356126eec67e1cba7eefd25b04cf5fbb820ec83c5d623b69ce9e7"],"state_sha256":"c38dfea976fddbec86b91e9b2893d0c7ee2c404df3901b2cc862a3ffd1cf4620"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"WykE7i7jW87bN6uIX0ZLaXOYw0aPeKpUOsoOeFLkUGWqO/7nAdLz287R6UDqV0g8s2Da2vYhjllI471jAneUAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-19T18:23:49.681061Z","bundle_sha256":"f7e36f908a5043f3f702e4963d54bda10a050cced96ffd0cf5cc93b3b43fc69d"}}