{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2019:KZUCUYEXSGGAMNR43KGSTFNBJL","short_pith_number":"pith:KZUCUYEX","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"56682a6097918c06363cda8d2995a14aec93e048e6269eaa22e575977fe03346","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1908.08038","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Time Scale for Velocity to Track a Force","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.ed-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","authors_text":"Chris L. Lin","submitted_at":"2019-08-21T08:28:41Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper we derive and discuss the time it takes for a force to turn a velocity. More precisely, we derive the formula for the time $\\tau$ it takes a constant force that makes an angle $\\alpha$ with the initial velocity $\\vec{v}(0)$ to have $\\vec{v}(\\tau)$ get within an angle $\\theta<\\alpha$ of the force. We then show how the addition of a viscous force decreases $\\tau$ logarithmically. The result can be generalized to any vector quantity whose first time derivative is a constant."},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1908.08038","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","submitted_at":"2019-08-21T08:28:41Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.ed-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"359694da91db10fdfac74de6039725938cf804407f7eb4dbd97de04efc819090","abstract_canon_sha256":"1e28c78b28cc510b693cd0ea74d7d266239b7236f43059c61c6cf97fb2a92497"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:15:15.829477Z","signature_b64":"uGC8qrQngr8BX18qNK29ARPECfZF+rMhVWdt76qvFosd43TzywtMTIcRW7Zd/hy8a69U/3dnRms6CJddLovGCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"56682a6097918c06363cda8d2995a14aec93e048e6269eaa22e575977fe03346","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:15:15.828961Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:15:15.828961Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Time Scale for Velocity to Track a Force","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.ed-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","authors_text":"Chris L. Lin","submitted_at":"2019-08-21T08:28:41Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper we derive and discuss the time it takes for a force to turn a velocity. More precisely, we derive the formula for the time $\\tau$ it takes a constant force that makes an angle $\\alpha$ with the initial velocity $\\vec{v}(0)$ to have $\\vec{v}(\\tau)$ get within an angle $\\theta<\\alpha$ of the force. We then show how the addition of a viscous force decreases $\\tau$ logarithmically. The result can be generalized to any vector quantity whose first time derivative is a constant."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1908.08038","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1908.08038/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1908.08038","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:15:15.829023+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1908.08038v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:15:15.829023+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1908.08038","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:15:15.829023+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KZUCUYEXSGGA","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:15:15.829023+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KZUCUYEXSGGAMNR4","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:15:15.829023+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KZUCUYEX","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:15:15.829023+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/KZUCUYEXSGGAMNR43KGSTFNBJL","json":"https://pith.science/pith/KZUCUYEXSGGAMNR43KGSTFNBJL.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/KZUCUYEXSGGAMNR43KGSTFNBJL/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/KZUCUYEXSGGAMNR43KGSTFNBJL/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/KZUCUYEX"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/KZUCUYEXSGGAMNR43KGSTFNBJL","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/KZUCUYEXSGGAMNR43KGSTFNBJL.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/KZUCUYEX","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1908.08038&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/KZUCUYEXSGGAMNR43KGSTFNBJL/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/KZUCUYEXSGGAMNR43KGSTFNBJL/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/KZUCUYEXSGGAMNR43KGSTFNBJL/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/KZUCUYEXSGGAMNR43KGSTFNBJL/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/KZUCUYEXSGGAMNR43KGSTFNBJL/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/KZUCUYEXSGGAMNR43KGSTFNBJL/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/KZUCUYEXSGGAMNR43KGSTFNBJL/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:15:15.829023+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T11:15:15.829023+00:00"}