{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:L223MBHOYGJYGSOUQ27XLBVTDW","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"613926964a944d2f89897ff1c9f5ba49a75c82ee0831edf4d2c92541440fa005","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T19:29:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"f2a912d690281404915e3b26872bc4c57488b61444f1cb7680a825af1a249349"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2501.04802","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2501.04802","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2501.04802v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2501.04802","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"L223MBHOYGJY","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"L223MBHOYGJYGSOU","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"L223MBHO","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:27:23Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:60735c8ed7c7f25a5949aad57e7afdaca2e5f03408afc98745f8b3a6860c8ff8","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:27:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2501.04802/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"HotFlip is a topical gradient-based word substitution method for attacking language models. Recently, this method has been further applied to attack retrieval systems by generating malicious passages that are injected into a corpus, i.e., corpus poisoning. However, HotFlip is known to be computationally inefficient, with the majority of time being spent on gradient accumulation for each query-passage pair during the adversarial token generation phase, making it impossible to generate an adequate number of adversarial passages in a reasonable amount of time. Moreover, the attack method itself a","authors_text":"Evangelos Kanoulas, Panagiotis Eustratiadis, Yongkang Li","cross_cats":["cs.CL"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T19:29:33Z","title":"Reproducing HotFlip for Corpus Poisoning Attacks in Dense Retrieval"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2501.04802","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2eaef2d33b1b492dae1ffc1a6a5334bef4d3e879dff4dc63cd8cf8419a08061d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:27:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"613926964a944d2f89897ff1c9f5ba49a75c82ee0831edf4d2c92541440fa005","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2025-01-08T19:29:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"f2a912d690281404915e3b26872bc4c57488b61444f1cb7680a825af1a249349"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2501.04802","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"5eb5b604eec1938349d486bf7586b31d9596f6da57edd29b387415518e1908f3","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5eb5b604eec1938349d486bf7586b31d9596f6da57edd29b387415518e1908f3","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:27:23.216442Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:27:23.216442Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"6SV3k3BcKbbX4jWnBRaOh0LkL0BM1wF+0bfB2q6FqocB5z8N0SzcfvvKMYvuKzf/xD/mgC/HBgC/+XVO5OnkDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:27:23.217468Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2501.04802","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2eaef2d33b1b492dae1ffc1a6a5334bef4d3e879dff4dc63cd8cf8419a08061d","sha256:60735c8ed7c7f25a5949aad57e7afdaca2e5f03408afc98745f8b3a6860c8ff8"],"state_sha256":"1931cb9f58292646680292a1e4e244df55cf4a82c2c9bba1b186e371de89ffab"}