{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:L346OX3UKHM3FSPP24GHVXGKRY","short_pith_number":"pith:L346OX3U","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2011.13520","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2020-11-27T01:32:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"fe665de558f7317ef943c1d55a22649bf5b565e8f06e4c136fd44f0f6530cec2","abstract_canon_sha256":"77b0be0a1433efd32bf0fb4337ca6de5ce55d4088285621f720e3b2e09fcc284"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5ef9e75f7451d9b2c9efd70c7adcca8e33209a015855ef6a2566cb81f94c3705","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2011.13520","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2011.13520","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2011.13520v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2011.13520","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"L346OX3UKHM3","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"L346OX3UKHM3FSPP","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"L346OX3U","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:L346OX3UKHM3FSPP24GHVXGKRY","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2011.13520","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2020-11-27T01:32:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"fe665de558f7317ef943c1d55a22649bf5b565e8f06e4c136fd44f0f6530cec2","abstract_canon_sha256":"77b0be0a1433efd32bf0fb4337ca6de5ce55d4088285621f720e3b2e09fcc284"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5ef9e75f7451d9b2c9efd70c7adcca8e33209a015855ef6a2566cb81f94c3705","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55.099234Z","signature_b64":"2toHVi0FAxIHCGMQ3mSvs1MvwEsZZ23l6QRIy69HOU9EF1b60dzxkGs/rYs0uJDWQvHBYANLg8Ulyf8+WFQXDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5ef9e75f7451d9b2c9efd70c7adcca8e33209a015855ef6a2566cb81f94c3705","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55.098872Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55.098872Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2011.13520","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"pAVP6KeENPjHW7LF8k4eh1zc9126IOQeDR3f9CZ/Dz/FrVpphty0HhG2dUvxP/j6ffDOdTD/TlsCNOvpyPXsBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T12:24:28.725034Z"},"content_sha256":"3fdb977abb5700d65f004c2e2d4cf41229ee69ee3cf23a76a625e9030e943484","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3fdb977abb5700d65f004c2e2d4cf41229ee69ee3cf23a76a625e9030e943484"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:L346OX3UKHM3FSPP24GHVXGKRY","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Diversity Dependent Uncertainty Management for Hydrocarbon Stimulation in Uncertain Heterogeneous Reservoir with Improved Efficiency","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"math.OC","authors_text":"Cheng cheng","submitted_at":"2020-11-27T01:32:40Z","abstract_excerpt":"The history of oil and gas well stimulation through hydraulic fracturing is characterized by a pursuit of optimal designs tailored to reservoir properties. However, as with many engineering systems, the impact of variability and uncertainty (in this case of reservoir properties) is not accounted in these deterministic approaches. We propose an expansion of the principle of design diversity wherein the focus becomes developing optimal portfolio combinations of multiple designs rather than repeated application of a single design. This approach can substantially increase efficiency and decrease r"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2011.13520","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2011.13520/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rfmIITa5JxVPLa19nWjx8tlSc5rMBYduQlqZYBcnzivJLYKksOjnQb4I9GuMkimm0o9vyj0vHq2T1yIi5F23CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T12:24:28.725420Z"},"content_sha256":"b3bab013e9b23de71db194436fc7f00b5c350d78fe59811b986b7685aec9db8a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b3bab013e9b23de71db194436fc7f00b5c350d78fe59811b986b7685aec9db8a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/L346OX3UKHM3FSPP24GHVXGKRY/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/L346OX3UKHM3FSPP24GHVXGKRY/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/L346OX3UKHM3FSPP24GHVXGKRY/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-06T12:24:28Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/L346OX3UKHM3FSPP24GHVXGKRY","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/L346OX3UKHM3FSPP24GHVXGKRY/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/L346OX3UKHM3FSPP24GHVXGKRY/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/L346OX3UKHM3FSPP24GHVXGKRY/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:L346OX3UKHM3FSPP24GHVXGKRY","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"77b0be0a1433efd32bf0fb4337ca6de5ce55d4088285621f720e3b2e09fcc284","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2020-11-27T01:32:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"fe665de558f7317ef943c1d55a22649bf5b565e8f06e4c136fd44f0f6530cec2"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2011.13520","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2011.13520","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2011.13520v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2011.13520","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"L346OX3UKHM3","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"L346OX3UKHM3FSPP","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"L346OX3U","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b3bab013e9b23de71db194436fc7f00b5c350d78fe59811b986b7685aec9db8a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2011.13520/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The history of oil and gas well stimulation through hydraulic fracturing is characterized by a pursuit of optimal designs tailored to reservoir properties. However, as with many engineering systems, the impact of variability and uncertainty (in this case of reservoir properties) is not accounted in these deterministic approaches. We propose an expansion of the principle of design diversity wherein the focus becomes developing optimal portfolio combinations of multiple designs rather than repeated application of a single design. This approach can substantially increase efficiency and decrease r","authors_text":"Cheng cheng","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2020-11-27T01:32:40Z","title":"Diversity Dependent Uncertainty Management for Hydrocarbon Stimulation in Uncertain Heterogeneous Reservoir with Improved Efficiency"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2011.13520","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3fdb977abb5700d65f004c2e2d4cf41229ee69ee3cf23a76a625e9030e943484","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"77b0be0a1433efd32bf0fb4337ca6de5ce55d4088285621f720e3b2e09fcc284","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2020-11-27T01:32:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"fe665de558f7317ef943c1d55a22649bf5b565e8f06e4c136fd44f0f6530cec2"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2011.13520","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"5ef9e75f7451d9b2c9efd70c7adcca8e33209a015855ef6a2566cb81f94c3705","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5ef9e75f7451d9b2c9efd70c7adcca8e33209a015855ef6a2566cb81f94c3705","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55.098872Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55.098872Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"2toHVi0FAxIHCGMQ3mSvs1MvwEsZZ23l6QRIy69HOU9EF1b60dzxkGs/rYs0uJDWQvHBYANLg8Ulyf8+WFQXDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:54:55.099234Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2011.13520","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3fdb977abb5700d65f004c2e2d4cf41229ee69ee3cf23a76a625e9030e943484","sha256:b3bab013e9b23de71db194436fc7f00b5c350d78fe59811b986b7685aec9db8a"],"state_sha256":"475472422071378f43979c20b34f645819515fd0713c39b134676c9447604e6f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Hu5kIsm2nf4GaFuNusToIKsYNu2mvE1CRDGtPgExH7j9z+b0kVqHowa8spstNtm5b2j1kmhwYX77B9gkaH8UBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T12:24:28.727683Z","bundle_sha256":"8582586a21263bbd0170aa0bbb593baa217445a31fb6df6cfe02d633cec716c9"}}