{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:L4LPUJYQUVI4MPD3VABXIAU3NT","short_pith_number":"pith:L4LPUJYQ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1908.01439","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"eess.IV","submitted_at":"2019-08-05T01:47:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"41110241abbc9ca32f02fa658eda5e708e72d6de88357dc477f381b909991c07","abstract_canon_sha256":"4603e236b281fff8a6f7645ebae67b42942f360649f2dd4a3dc95dfe1f05a55f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5f16fa2710a551c63c7ba80374029b6cf7ea444139af3c92d40d29f102df6bfe","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1908.01439","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1908.01439","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1908.01439v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1908.01439","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"L4LPUJYQUVI4","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"L4LPUJYQUVI4MPD3","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"L4LPUJYQ","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:L4LPUJYQUVI4MPD3VABXIAU3NT","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1908.01439","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"eess.IV","submitted_at":"2019-08-05T01:47:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"41110241abbc9ca32f02fa658eda5e708e72d6de88357dc477f381b909991c07","abstract_canon_sha256":"4603e236b281fff8a6f7645ebae67b42942f360649f2dd4a3dc95dfe1f05a55f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5f16fa2710a551c63c7ba80374029b6cf7ea444139af3c92d40d29f102df6bfe","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06.892891Z","signature_b64":"HvLBAtict3khcEXXT2HYDVhr6METXphsebRTHpAH2JmtmrNcplsx85qeQChtCs0JLRzhvv5O4pEirMoEUKvdCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5f16fa2710a551c63c7ba80374029b6cf7ea444139af3c92d40d29f102df6bfe","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06.892549Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06.892549Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1908.01439","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tXYs0/pXlhHVI2RWCwNCaH6zquQZF6DJGY949htK4JcXcg0AVd6c6FbWzNUyuWVIvpTTyxCcc/UiAZBmH0o6Dw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T08:23:15.021170Z"},"content_sha256":"abe625b7fe74706fbd7e56a5a6b6ee3bdddd523779d0511994b3e6d87586c36e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:abe625b7fe74706fbd7e56a5a6b6ee3bdddd523779d0511994b3e6d87586c36e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:L4LPUJYQUVI4MPD3VABXIAU3NT","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Shadow Detection for Ultrasound Images Using Unlabeled Data and Synthetic Shadows","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"eess.IV","authors_text":"Ryuji Hamamoto, Suguru Yasutomi, Tatsuya Arakaki","submitted_at":"2019-08-05T01:47:57Z","abstract_excerpt":"Medical ultrasound is widely used technique for diagnosing internal organs. As common artifacts, shadows often appear in ultrasound images. Detecting such shadows is curious because they prevent accurate diagnosis. In this paper, we propose a novel shadow detection method based on auto-encoding structure. It once separates an input image into a shadow image and a content image using two decoders and combines them to reconstruct the input. To lead the network into separating the input, we inject synthetic shadows into the input and make the network to predict them as the shadow image. Since we "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1908.01439","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1908.01439/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"WPvtjCa9bh8gYebWSkFmG8ee60QlIq53BQAaAG/kyPvAyK2g7zz8vK0AUIbv9boY+nqsfEZQgRfgBUOPRfw6Bg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T08:23:15.021716Z"},"content_sha256":"2cdfe12ad92023bc4ff33cae1a5f857404aa5815a50ed7ad3cfd12c061b93da6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2cdfe12ad92023bc4ff33cae1a5f857404aa5815a50ed7ad3cfd12c061b93da6"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/L4LPUJYQUVI4MPD3VABXIAU3NT/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/L4LPUJYQUVI4MPD3VABXIAU3NT/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/L4LPUJYQUVI4MPD3VABXIAU3NT/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-16T08:23:15Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/L4LPUJYQUVI4MPD3VABXIAU3NT","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/L4LPUJYQUVI4MPD3VABXIAU3NT/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/L4LPUJYQUVI4MPD3VABXIAU3NT/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/L4LPUJYQUVI4MPD3VABXIAU3NT/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:L4LPUJYQUVI4MPD3VABXIAU3NT","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4603e236b281fff8a6f7645ebae67b42942f360649f2dd4a3dc95dfe1f05a55f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"eess.IV","submitted_at":"2019-08-05T01:47:57Z","title_canon_sha256":"41110241abbc9ca32f02fa658eda5e708e72d6de88357dc477f381b909991c07"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1908.01439","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1908.01439","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1908.01439v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1908.01439","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"L4LPUJYQUVI4","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"L4LPUJYQUVI4MPD3","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"L4LPUJYQ","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:2cdfe12ad92023bc4ff33cae1a5f857404aa5815a50ed7ad3cfd12c061b93da6","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1908.01439/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Medical ultrasound is widely used technique for diagnosing internal organs. As common artifacts, shadows often appear in ultrasound images. Detecting such shadows is curious because they prevent accurate diagnosis. In this paper, we propose a novel shadow detection method based on auto-encoding structure. It once separates an input image into a shadow image and a content image using two decoders and combines them to reconstruct the input. To lead the network into separating the input, we inject synthetic shadows into the input and make the network to predict them as the shadow image. Since we ","authors_text":"Ryuji Hamamoto, Suguru Yasutomi, Tatsuya Arakaki","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"eess.IV","submitted_at":"2019-08-05T01:47:57Z","title":"Shadow Detection for Ultrasound Images Using Unlabeled Data and Synthetic Shadows"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1908.01439","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:abe625b7fe74706fbd7e56a5a6b6ee3bdddd523779d0511994b3e6d87586c36e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4603e236b281fff8a6f7645ebae67b42942f360649f2dd4a3dc95dfe1f05a55f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"eess.IV","submitted_at":"2019-08-05T01:47:57Z","title_canon_sha256":"41110241abbc9ca32f02fa658eda5e708e72d6de88357dc477f381b909991c07"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1908.01439","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"5f16fa2710a551c63c7ba80374029b6cf7ea444139af3c92d40d29f102df6bfe","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5f16fa2710a551c63c7ba80374029b6cf7ea444139af3c92d40d29f102df6bfe","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06.892549Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06.892549Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"HvLBAtict3khcEXXT2HYDVhr6METXphsebRTHpAH2JmtmrNcplsx85qeQChtCs0JLRzhvv5O4pEirMoEUKvdCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T23:52:06.892891Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1908.01439","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:abe625b7fe74706fbd7e56a5a6b6ee3bdddd523779d0511994b3e6d87586c36e","sha256:2cdfe12ad92023bc4ff33cae1a5f857404aa5815a50ed7ad3cfd12c061b93da6"],"state_sha256":"aedad94ddfc0f7cbb609e1338e36f3ff060acf6ac3d1f97449bb0412d8708112"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HWPPk3hf7DgVhaCPTrAnl+3pZ0T0MGiamtz0vWoZbU4ZW6y2HBfi1q0GT+x5iCy43tMZ4AWLyTR+rQbZJrwOAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T08:23:15.027048Z","bundle_sha256":"7cc5d2580276469834a73dbc9ecf7b32156b3a55c1f08c46051239468cb08afa"}}