{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:L5FSLFGWCQBJQE7DBQ6N6ZIJXG","short_pith_number":"pith:L5FSLFGW","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2304.10778","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2023-04-21T07:08:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"94cbbbfe4cb9c114158eaf6fbab9f5d10e4a114e2ce645d85088eade7fa5517f","abstract_canon_sha256":"f5c3936af410a911f70a21f17d5caf4bf7eeea461d9e738ca9869d09af658248"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5f4b2594d614029813e30c3cdf6509b9af48d1b86248851abea5ab95462b4ca6","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2304.10778","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2304.10778","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2304.10778v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2304.10778","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"L5FSLFGWCQBJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"L5FSLFGWCQBJQE7D","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"L5FSLFGW","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:L5FSLFGWCQBJQE7DBQ6N6ZIJXG","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2304.10778","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2023-04-21T07:08:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"94cbbbfe4cb9c114158eaf6fbab9f5d10e4a114e2ce645d85088eade7fa5517f","abstract_canon_sha256":"f5c3936af410a911f70a21f17d5caf4bf7eeea461d9e738ca9869d09af658248"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5f4b2594d614029813e30c3cdf6509b9af48d1b86248851abea5ab95462b4ca6","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23.396779Z","signature_b64":"TnhdgzY7t9NBhkN/r7fTU34AkziW7pZk0EoZaJhbr9KV8QHqK1n+D9T8vgg/z4Bdo8rEa5zK6Agb5yheuVOxAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5f4b2594d614029813e30c3cdf6509b9af48d1b86248851abea5ab95462b4ca6","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23.396249Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23.396249Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2304.10778","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"c4ijEX4RrZilsGZbVU8BF7j6vR/SlZrQv0yNEiZwbPy4/t6hKHbRhad3SLOBvz14zSZl6EPVWwM/Gb6xrWeGBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T22:55:17.080588Z"},"content_sha256":"3666d3495d9ffa9de6c1f99f3eb5b3f00d1b2a76dbd45a13495d7dbd1439b383","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3666d3495d9ffa9de6c1f99f3eb5b3f00d1b2a76dbd45a13495d7dbd1439b383"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:L5FSLFGWCQBJQE7DBQ6N6ZIJXG","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Evaluating the Code Quality of AI-Assisted Code Generation Tools: An Empirical Study on GitHub Copilot, Amazon CodeWhisperer, and ChatGPT","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.SE","authors_text":"Burak Yeti\\c{s}tiren, Eray T\\\"uz\\\"un, I\\c{s}{\\i}k \\\"Ozsoy, Miray Ayerdem","submitted_at":"2023-04-21T07:08:26Z","abstract_excerpt":"Context: AI-assisted code generation tools have become increasingly prevalent in software engineering, offering the ability to generate code from natural language prompts or partial code inputs. Notable examples of these tools include GitHub Copilot, Amazon CodeWhisperer, and OpenAI's ChatGPT.\n  Objective: This study aims to compare the performance of these prominent code generation tools in terms of code quality metrics, such as Code Validity, Code Correctness, Code Security, Code Reliability, and Code Maintainability, to identify their strengths and shortcomings.\n  Method: We assess the code"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2304.10778","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2304.10778/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"z9kBKLm8zX8eMCPpjDVIzlBT5SIV9eaoW8HF0xzzmzMrntqYPi/pMe7VszrL4Yh/AM2gEObNqizDPp8pJJ11BA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T22:55:17.081075Z"},"content_sha256":"9e2a2162e2cb36977c0bbc07a001515d50cffd29419038fe3efa75b1f41069e7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9e2a2162e2cb36977c0bbc07a001515d50cffd29419038fe3efa75b1f41069e7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/L5FSLFGWCQBJQE7DBQ6N6ZIJXG/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/L5FSLFGWCQBJQE7DBQ6N6ZIJXG/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/L5FSLFGWCQBJQE7DBQ6N6ZIJXG/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-08T22:55:17Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/L5FSLFGWCQBJQE7DBQ6N6ZIJXG","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/L5FSLFGWCQBJQE7DBQ6N6ZIJXG/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/L5FSLFGWCQBJQE7DBQ6N6ZIJXG/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/L5FSLFGWCQBJQE7DBQ6N6ZIJXG/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:L5FSLFGWCQBJQE7DBQ6N6ZIJXG","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f5c3936af410a911f70a21f17d5caf4bf7eeea461d9e738ca9869d09af658248","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2023-04-21T07:08:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"94cbbbfe4cb9c114158eaf6fbab9f5d10e4a114e2ce645d85088eade7fa5517f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2304.10778","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2304.10778","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2304.10778v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2304.10778","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"L5FSLFGWCQBJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"L5FSLFGWCQBJQE7D","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"L5FSLFGW","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9e2a2162e2cb36977c0bbc07a001515d50cffd29419038fe3efa75b1f41069e7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2304.10778/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Context: AI-assisted code generation tools have become increasingly prevalent in software engineering, offering the ability to generate code from natural language prompts or partial code inputs. Notable examples of these tools include GitHub Copilot, Amazon CodeWhisperer, and OpenAI's ChatGPT.\n  Objective: This study aims to compare the performance of these prominent code generation tools in terms of code quality metrics, such as Code Validity, Code Correctness, Code Security, Code Reliability, and Code Maintainability, to identify their strengths and shortcomings.\n  Method: We assess the code","authors_text":"Burak Yeti\\c{s}tiren, Eray T\\\"uz\\\"un, I\\c{s}{\\i}k \\\"Ozsoy, Miray Ayerdem","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2023-04-21T07:08:26Z","title":"Evaluating the Code Quality of AI-Assisted Code Generation Tools: An Empirical Study on GitHub Copilot, Amazon CodeWhisperer, and ChatGPT"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2304.10778","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3666d3495d9ffa9de6c1f99f3eb5b3f00d1b2a76dbd45a13495d7dbd1439b383","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f5c3936af410a911f70a21f17d5caf4bf7eeea461d9e738ca9869d09af658248","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2023-04-21T07:08:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"94cbbbfe4cb9c114158eaf6fbab9f5d10e4a114e2ce645d85088eade7fa5517f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2304.10778","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"5f4b2594d614029813e30c3cdf6509b9af48d1b86248851abea5ab95462b4ca6","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5f4b2594d614029813e30c3cdf6509b9af48d1b86248851abea5ab95462b4ca6","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23.396249Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23.396249Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"TnhdgzY7t9NBhkN/r7fTU34AkziW7pZk0EoZaJhbr9KV8QHqK1n+D9T8vgg/z4Bdo8rEa5zK6Agb5yheuVOxAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:03:23.396779Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2304.10778","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3666d3495d9ffa9de6c1f99f3eb5b3f00d1b2a76dbd45a13495d7dbd1439b383","sha256:9e2a2162e2cb36977c0bbc07a001515d50cffd29419038fe3efa75b1f41069e7"],"state_sha256":"2c536b5e57a25bd1d4b0ec6b5f549499b2c625872cd5528890f5ca5e5f1bc8bf"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4CaD/xCk5h0C4CmFMVO2OkiOs3dGUvEY3UlQMvXE2hmCyw0/g0YvnrmMPhx6n1BgyrqYAc1PPLuO4XV9nbk8Aw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T22:55:17.085616Z","bundle_sha256":"5f0c381ad662d6b36e10de5d20ef12aa5c59bb855a2e546adcefc57676323c2e"}}