{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:L5V65SB2JOW5LPFXAKQKDG6VAK","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"471d8269cefd92ce7ea7031d40eef60639b9be6ffc03b53f40dc605d8fff1566","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2010-09-16T20:06:35Z","title_canon_sha256":"8edef6fa0ac28691591e72afe98df4bbd61dcedea8d1707a067700d860ccc9b6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1009.3274","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1009.3274","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:05:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1009.3274v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:05:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1009.3274","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:05:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"L5V65SB2JOW5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"L5V65SB2JOW5LPFX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"L5V65SB2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:10Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:ca6bea3c7088a35ea9227ec8daa5cb8a9e77b295fe62e29e3eec4bd34d8183fb","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:05:27Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Given a standard model to test, an experiment can be designed to: (i) measure the standard model parameters; (ii) extend the standard model; or (iii) look for evidence of deviations from the standard model. To measure (or extend) the standard model, the Fisher matrix is widely used in cosmology to predict expected parameter errors for future surveys under Gaussian assumptions. In this article, we present a frame- work that can be used to design experiments such that it maximises the chance of finding a deviation from the standard model. Using a simple illustrative example, discussed in the app","authors_text":"Adam Amara, Thomas Kitching","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2010-09-16T20:06:35Z","title":"Figures of Merit for Testing Standard Models: Application to Dark Energy Experiments in Cosmology"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1009.3274","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:aa28e69e95db541795925d6b77d60ba60abcb67a6925db5a426bce4c242e2392","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:05:27Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"471d8269cefd92ce7ea7031d40eef60639b9be6ffc03b53f40dc605d8fff1566","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2010-09-16T20:06:35Z","title_canon_sha256":"8edef6fa0ac28691591e72afe98df4bbd61dcedea8d1707a067700d860ccc9b6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1009.3274","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"5f6beec83a4badd5bcb702a0a19bd502b04bd4c6a25a1cf1e29d1af193b4ee41","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5f6beec83a4badd5bcb702a0a19bd502b04bd4c6a25a1cf1e29d1af193b4ee41","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:05:27.202403Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:05:27.202403Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"1kgNQSKxe8M/P1BQDmV0wVnBXOxvtWE7yhIom0VapfGP6FEU+T7D87JXC48uaSckqM8fBNXzaKvWzEbw6xWABw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:05:27.203117Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1009.3274","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:aa28e69e95db541795925d6b77d60ba60abcb67a6925db5a426bce4c242e2392","sha256:ca6bea3c7088a35ea9227ec8daa5cb8a9e77b295fe62e29e3eec4bd34d8183fb"],"state_sha256":"b82f62a805fcc938b7d57b7f19cbce58cdd6bc701c8ca29e29443604b5917c37"}