{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:LB7PMIUAQC2BNRLQKLOJT4IJUZ","short_pith_number":"pith:LB7PMIUA","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.06961","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-03-19T14:42:45Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b2d31549c749dc13dc8ba922464b2b10c2c62a307793bb950fdbc38730f4cf66","abstract_canon_sha256":"aee3408228fac6c8f942218adb782b22830064616761d1ae3eaa8e2ae3cf8335"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"587ef6228080b416c57052dc99f109a65aa9a65ed47ab8d3a0e6f8fc5f980169","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1803.06961","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.06961","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.06961v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.06961","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LB7PMIUAQC2B","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LB7PMIUAQC2BNRLQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LB7PMIUA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:LB7PMIUAQC2BNRLQKLOJT4IJUZ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.06961","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-03-19T14:42:45Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b2d31549c749dc13dc8ba922464b2b10c2c62a307793bb950fdbc38730f4cf66","abstract_canon_sha256":"aee3408228fac6c8f942218adb782b22830064616761d1ae3eaa8e2ae3cf8335"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"587ef6228080b416c57052dc99f109a65aa9a65ed47ab8d3a0e6f8fc5f980169","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40.756469Z","signature_b64":"NhUVrAkJCof7Sf7quoggffcAEcqMzztoM454sT9JpfKc5Rda1SJshBBAuS8/m91x4qPeHhEw6sbZG4BRCEhGBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"587ef6228080b416c57052dc99f109a65aa9a65ed47ab8d3a0e6f8fc5f980169","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40.755661Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40.755661Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1803.06961","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"YNQI/VckG8QxC7KB/qwwPLHOSYefpocyLPrGEWwJWgD3xNUnLZOSotsgsRHIHgX/ZktbgVOVtU4H1SX7W9EZDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T07:32:23.327729Z"},"content_sha256":"2b30aa5329b45d1f0d164928a815f1c52f23423b7c4d8068e3e5ae8ec74a7608","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2b30aa5329b45d1f0d164928a815f1c52f23423b7c4d8068e3e5ae8ec74a7608"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:LB7PMIUAQC2BNRLQKLOJT4IJUZ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Enhanced spin-orbit torque via interface engineering in Pt/CoFeB/MgO heterostructures","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"Byong-Guk Park, Hae-Yeon Lee, June-Young Park, Kyung-Jin Lee, Motohiro Suzuki, Sanghoon Kim, Seung-Young Park, Teruo Ono, Tetsuya Nakamura, Wooseung Ham, Yoshinori Kotani, Young-Wan Oh","submitted_at":"2018-03-19T14:42:45Z","abstract_excerpt":"Spin-orbit torque facilitates efficient magnetization switching via an in-plane current in perpendicularly magnetized heavy metal/ferromagnet heterostructures. The efficiency of spin-orbit-torque-induced switching is determined by the charge-to-spin conversion arising from either bulk or interfacial spin-orbit interactions, or both. Here, we demonstrate that the spin-orbit torque and the resultant switching efficiency in Pt/CoFeB systems are significantly enhanced by an interfacial modification involving Ti insertion between the Pt and CoFeB layers. Spin pumping and X-ray magnetic circular dic"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.06961","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qJROTsob0GT6DK9CoE2GuuycfUPTXlncZsbssWbl64/zjjABxN/RQ0gbT2mKut9TWoXa4NHL2a4eLTuV3CD5DQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T07:32:23.328085Z"},"content_sha256":"f7f7d657313abc75b26cb78cbcf907e233bb75c25a8bb3bcb0dc51aee9ed37bc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f7f7d657313abc75b26cb78cbcf907e233bb75c25a8bb3bcb0dc51aee9ed37bc"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LB7PMIUAQC2BNRLQKLOJT4IJUZ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LB7PMIUAQC2BNRLQKLOJT4IJUZ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LB7PMIUAQC2BNRLQKLOJT4IJUZ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T07:32:23Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/LB7PMIUAQC2BNRLQKLOJT4IJUZ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/LB7PMIUAQC2BNRLQKLOJT4IJUZ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/LB7PMIUAQC2BNRLQKLOJT4IJUZ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LB7PMIUAQC2BNRLQKLOJT4IJUZ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:LB7PMIUAQC2BNRLQKLOJT4IJUZ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"aee3408228fac6c8f942218adb782b22830064616761d1ae3eaa8e2ae3cf8335","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-03-19T14:42:45Z","title_canon_sha256":"b2d31549c749dc13dc8ba922464b2b10c2c62a307793bb950fdbc38730f4cf66"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1803.06961","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.06961","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.06961v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.06961","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LB7PMIUAQC2B","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LB7PMIUAQC2BNRLQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LB7PMIUA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f7f7d657313abc75b26cb78cbcf907e233bb75c25a8bb3bcb0dc51aee9ed37bc","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Spin-orbit torque facilitates efficient magnetization switching via an in-plane current in perpendicularly magnetized heavy metal/ferromagnet heterostructures. The efficiency of spin-orbit-torque-induced switching is determined by the charge-to-spin conversion arising from either bulk or interfacial spin-orbit interactions, or both. Here, we demonstrate that the spin-orbit torque and the resultant switching efficiency in Pt/CoFeB systems are significantly enhanced by an interfacial modification involving Ti insertion between the Pt and CoFeB layers. Spin pumping and X-ray magnetic circular dic","authors_text":"Byong-Guk Park, Hae-Yeon Lee, June-Young Park, Kyung-Jin Lee, Motohiro Suzuki, Sanghoon Kim, Seung-Young Park, Teruo Ono, Tetsuya Nakamura, Wooseung Ham, Yoshinori Kotani, Young-Wan Oh","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-03-19T14:42:45Z","title":"Enhanced spin-orbit torque via interface engineering in Pt/CoFeB/MgO heterostructures"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.06961","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2b30aa5329b45d1f0d164928a815f1c52f23423b7c4d8068e3e5ae8ec74a7608","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"aee3408228fac6c8f942218adb782b22830064616761d1ae3eaa8e2ae3cf8335","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-03-19T14:42:45Z","title_canon_sha256":"b2d31549c749dc13dc8ba922464b2b10c2c62a307793bb950fdbc38730f4cf66"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1803.06961","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"587ef6228080b416c57052dc99f109a65aa9a65ed47ab8d3a0e6f8fc5f980169","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"587ef6228080b416c57052dc99f109a65aa9a65ed47ab8d3a0e6f8fc5f980169","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40.755661Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40.755661Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"NhUVrAkJCof7Sf7quoggffcAEcqMzztoM454sT9JpfKc5Rda1SJshBBAuS8/m91x4qPeHhEw6sbZG4BRCEhGBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40.756469Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1803.06961","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2b30aa5329b45d1f0d164928a815f1c52f23423b7c4d8068e3e5ae8ec74a7608","sha256:f7f7d657313abc75b26cb78cbcf907e233bb75c25a8bb3bcb0dc51aee9ed37bc"],"state_sha256":"f255afc36e76c4a935cebbd9a43fb77fad3524934582ed974bb3b71c54da7c8f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Hg5qUuVRr5J/KA8lVpQ1lMZ0+3IPSzgLNzcCDzvVUYpXZI8ioRR9Jj0C0S2kxBgzSLAvxyp2mYeV9h7qvxVeCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T07:32:23.330173Z","bundle_sha256":"8971fc6bcb1a59e185fee8cdf9543df3c05a2546a0a7771fbb1cf15a6dd39aba"}}