{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:LBK4QOGM56AK67FAIUH3NFX4BH","short_pith_number":"pith:LBK4QOGM","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.06927","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2018-03-19T13:56:36Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c1ddaa2400bbbf03d2e281737c6e62bf2058db9432e0462b8a3df501a4c79c1d","abstract_canon_sha256":"098cbfa42580e0ccb893ed0d9d756e5d7fe158be286f22e7221c6ed277ea4282"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5855c838ccef80af7ca0450fb696fc09c987c1729faffa30597886db07c6c207","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1803.06927","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.06927","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.06927v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.06927","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LBK4QOGM56AK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LBK4QOGM56AK67FA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LBK4QOGM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:LBK4QOGM56AK67FAIUH3NFX4BH","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.06927","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2018-03-19T13:56:36Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c1ddaa2400bbbf03d2e281737c6e62bf2058db9432e0462b8a3df501a4c79c1d","abstract_canon_sha256":"098cbfa42580e0ccb893ed0d9d756e5d7fe158be286f22e7221c6ed277ea4282"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5855c838ccef80af7ca0450fb696fc09c987c1729faffa30597886db07c6c207","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40.836491Z","signature_b64":"lKwvPTtcbgncVa0gXGl8fi3372oRjhb/NDht3weCcOD0hIWi7Xe0f1/izldLoZhYJCD6zwut5HvPCXodNT7qBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5855c838ccef80af7ca0450fb696fc09c987c1729faffa30597886db07c6c207","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40.835725Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40.835725Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1803.06927","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"cls1tkZozeXf2q8z9MA9k3IHWk5ROnf8czrdOtbttiBhtfIrxcZULbAhpnhMMlcS2Mxm2rtYBLVZk7xctiwWAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-26T22:35:41.786281Z"},"content_sha256":"13121adfb1f7a5e6c500f59f59ad686700c9ca2f4721d14cc81e311d5636bade","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:13121adfb1f7a5e6c500f59f59ad686700c9ca2f4721d14cc81e311d5636bade"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:LBK4QOGM56AK67FAIUH3NFX4BH","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Ultra Diffuse Galaxies are a Subset of Cluster Dwarf Elliptical/Spheroidal Galaxies","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Christopher J. Conselice","submitted_at":"2018-03-19T13:56:36Z","abstract_excerpt":"Since 2015 there has been a great deal of interest in a supposed new class of galaxy called Ultra Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs). These are large systems with sizes $> 1.5$ kpc and have surface brightness values which are $\\mu > 25$ mag arcsec$^{-2}$. Because of their low-surface brightness they are proposed to be `failed' Milky Way type galaxies given their similar size, but much lower stellar masses. As such, these systems are considered by some as a new type of galaxy, yet we show that they are a subset of a well-established and well studied population of low-surface brightness galaxies found most"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.06927","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"s9Exc0Aof705knODEQwgCvHfa+HVFgrWStc86qTgm9nMK1tgu6yE0N0EEF9eQJySD1HoGcHjwsBE9XQGKHqfBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-26T22:35:41.786624Z"},"content_sha256":"bffb1831ebb1090e7a3232ce777ded26a75ec3da6ba0e157b8da3177ad13b243","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bffb1831ebb1090e7a3232ce777ded26a75ec3da6ba0e157b8da3177ad13b243"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LBK4QOGM56AK67FAIUH3NFX4BH/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LBK4QOGM56AK67FAIUH3NFX4BH/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LBK4QOGM56AK67FAIUH3NFX4BH/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-26T22:35:41Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/LBK4QOGM56AK67FAIUH3NFX4BH","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/LBK4QOGM56AK67FAIUH3NFX4BH/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/LBK4QOGM56AK67FAIUH3NFX4BH/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LBK4QOGM56AK67FAIUH3NFX4BH/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:LBK4QOGM56AK67FAIUH3NFX4BH","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"098cbfa42580e0ccb893ed0d9d756e5d7fe158be286f22e7221c6ed277ea4282","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2018-03-19T13:56:36Z","title_canon_sha256":"c1ddaa2400bbbf03d2e281737c6e62bf2058db9432e0462b8a3df501a4c79c1d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1803.06927","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.06927","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.06927v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.06927","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LBK4QOGM56AK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LBK4QOGM56AK67FA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LBK4QOGM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:33Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:bffb1831ebb1090e7a3232ce777ded26a75ec3da6ba0e157b8da3177ad13b243","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Since 2015 there has been a great deal of interest in a supposed new class of galaxy called Ultra Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs). These are large systems with sizes $> 1.5$ kpc and have surface brightness values which are $\\mu > 25$ mag arcsec$^{-2}$. Because of their low-surface brightness they are proposed to be `failed' Milky Way type galaxies given their similar size, but much lower stellar masses. As such, these systems are considered by some as a new type of galaxy, yet we show that they are a subset of a well-established and well studied population of low-surface brightness galaxies found most","authors_text":"Christopher J. Conselice","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2018-03-19T13:56:36Z","title":"Ultra Diffuse Galaxies are a Subset of Cluster Dwarf Elliptical/Spheroidal Galaxies"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.06927","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:13121adfb1f7a5e6c500f59f59ad686700c9ca2f4721d14cc81e311d5636bade","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"098cbfa42580e0ccb893ed0d9d756e5d7fe158be286f22e7221c6ed277ea4282","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2018-03-19T13:56:36Z","title_canon_sha256":"c1ddaa2400bbbf03d2e281737c6e62bf2058db9432e0462b8a3df501a4c79c1d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1803.06927","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"5855c838ccef80af7ca0450fb696fc09c987c1729faffa30597886db07c6c207","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5855c838ccef80af7ca0450fb696fc09c987c1729faffa30597886db07c6c207","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40.835725Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40.835725Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"lKwvPTtcbgncVa0gXGl8fi3372oRjhb/NDht3weCcOD0hIWi7Xe0f1/izldLoZhYJCD6zwut5HvPCXodNT7qBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:20:40.836491Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1803.06927","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:13121adfb1f7a5e6c500f59f59ad686700c9ca2f4721d14cc81e311d5636bade","sha256:bffb1831ebb1090e7a3232ce777ded26a75ec3da6ba0e157b8da3177ad13b243"],"state_sha256":"b3ea9d10ea5f262944e2ee1cfada9c7e57246747e7a901cc8719208df9c27a36"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"uA70kUM68im4EdeheF5cd1TaJmQ3+o+g9ybJpYbhAFhgHliRPOvaUxU9SetAWtVmMz0VwPBNVll8mRpCENI4Bw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-26T22:35:41.788437Z","bundle_sha256":"c94ed1ec5ffc1a433acdedced1ce73ef1a0de47277d1bc5213f22197b642bee7"}}