{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:LEJGMRBU2BZKX5CQUKV37HWRDP","short_pith_number":"pith:LEJGMRBU","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2502.07065","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SY","submitted_at":"2025-02-10T21:57:43Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY"],"title_canon_sha256":"42937a223f171d321012a22df2a49568d5f30b53c94c01c92d7940f5d14343b5","abstract_canon_sha256":"8d6e727aa26a38ef45a85e4c7b0f83e84a198f1d974644ae9141e6f0a623307e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5912664434d072abf450a2abbf9ed11bc9ceb99d04d9520490c05681f4d6f3d2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2502.07065","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2502.07065","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2502.07065v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2502.07065","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LEJGMRBU2BZK","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LEJGMRBU2BZKX5CQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LEJGMRBU","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:LEJGMRBU2BZKX5CQUKV37HWRDP","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2502.07065","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SY","submitted_at":"2025-02-10T21:57:43Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY"],"title_canon_sha256":"42937a223f171d321012a22df2a49568d5f30b53c94c01c92d7940f5d14343b5","abstract_canon_sha256":"8d6e727aa26a38ef45a85e4c7b0f83e84a198f1d974644ae9141e6f0a623307e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5912664434d072abf450a2abbf9ed11bc9ceb99d04d9520490c05681f4d6f3d2","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31.902132Z","signature_b64":"IOrUPfrRdgbSOHoHJDL8LQgBq4Fb6IDAcTwsk24LonhPWH25dIrAiQLhjo3C3/5cAmmmUYAqr3ajfNb0ZkUkCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5912664434d072abf450a2abbf9ed11bc9ceb99d04d9520490c05681f4d6f3d2","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31.901658Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31.901658Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2502.07065","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8ciWKy37+2CxNT1N/5B9r9WLTDC1Uza76E1P8fAkjZ9WAKhGO9mN+ww+vX8cKLVNmLUy/6ECzqYxNBWWLVHRCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T10:28:02.501048Z"},"content_sha256":"78f0c6b73f1cda9ebb515536e8dd7e860035c72df1ff652b668533c2059d6f10","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:78f0c6b73f1cda9ebb515536e8dd7e860035c72df1ff652b668533c2059d6f10"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:LEJGMRBU2BZKX5CQUKV37HWRDP","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Active Inference through Incentive Design in Markov Decision Processes","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.SY"],"primary_cat":"eess.SY","authors_text":"Ahmed H. Hemida, Charles A. Kamhoua, Chongyang Shi, Jie Fu, Shuo Han, Xinyi Wei","submitted_at":"2025-02-10T21:57:43Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present a method for active inference with partial observations in stochastic systems through incentive design, also known as the leader-follower game. Consider a leader agent who aims to infer a follower agent's type given a finite set of possible types. Different types of followers differ in either the dynamical model, the reward function, or both. We assume the leader can partially observe a follower's behavior in the stochastic system modeled as a Markov decision process, in which the follower takes an optimal policy to maximize a total reward. To improve inference accuracy and efficien"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2502.07065","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2502.07065/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PAW3PiMok5m2bHazBkc+8lFT8Tcy3c+dHNF5g1PCeGtH3p8mqW7ligScpa8zrcR9vLVixHFcaWM5S8SBKMeDCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T10:28:02.502050Z"},"content_sha256":"25668ea4b428fb0a61c4ba9bed76d2c1744cca583bcb30ac49c4ee3c8c930118","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:25668ea4b428fb0a61c4ba9bed76d2c1744cca583bcb30ac49c4ee3c8c930118"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LEJGMRBU2BZKX5CQUKV37HWRDP/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LEJGMRBU2BZKX5CQUKV37HWRDP/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LEJGMRBU2BZKX5CQUKV37HWRDP/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-13T10:28:02Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/LEJGMRBU2BZKX5CQUKV37HWRDP","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/LEJGMRBU2BZKX5CQUKV37HWRDP/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/LEJGMRBU2BZKX5CQUKV37HWRDP/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LEJGMRBU2BZKX5CQUKV37HWRDP/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:LEJGMRBU2BZKX5CQUKV37HWRDP","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8d6e727aa26a38ef45a85e4c7b0f83e84a198f1d974644ae9141e6f0a623307e","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SY","submitted_at":"2025-02-10T21:57:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"42937a223f171d321012a22df2a49568d5f30b53c94c01c92d7940f5d14343b5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2502.07065","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2502.07065","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2502.07065v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2502.07065","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LEJGMRBU2BZK","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LEJGMRBU2BZKX5CQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LEJGMRBU","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:25668ea4b428fb0a61c4ba9bed76d2c1744cca583bcb30ac49c4ee3c8c930118","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2502.07065/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present a method for active inference with partial observations in stochastic systems through incentive design, also known as the leader-follower game. Consider a leader agent who aims to infer a follower agent's type given a finite set of possible types. Different types of followers differ in either the dynamical model, the reward function, or both. We assume the leader can partially observe a follower's behavior in the stochastic system modeled as a Markov decision process, in which the follower takes an optimal policy to maximize a total reward. To improve inference accuracy and efficien","authors_text":"Ahmed H. Hemida, Charles A. Kamhoua, Chongyang Shi, Jie Fu, Shuo Han, Xinyi Wei","cross_cats":["cs.SY"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SY","submitted_at":"2025-02-10T21:57:43Z","title":"Active Inference through Incentive Design in Markov Decision Processes"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2502.07065","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:78f0c6b73f1cda9ebb515536e8dd7e860035c72df1ff652b668533c2059d6f10","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8d6e727aa26a38ef45a85e4c7b0f83e84a198f1d974644ae9141e6f0a623307e","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SY","submitted_at":"2025-02-10T21:57:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"42937a223f171d321012a22df2a49568d5f30b53c94c01c92d7940f5d14343b5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2502.07065","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"5912664434d072abf450a2abbf9ed11bc9ceb99d04d9520490c05681f4d6f3d2","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5912664434d072abf450a2abbf9ed11bc9ceb99d04d9520490c05681f4d6f3d2","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31.901658Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31.901658Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"IOrUPfrRdgbSOHoHJDL8LQgBq4Fb6IDAcTwsk24LonhPWH25dIrAiQLhjo3C3/5cAmmmUYAqr3ajfNb0ZkUkCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:12:31.902132Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2502.07065","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:78f0c6b73f1cda9ebb515536e8dd7e860035c72df1ff652b668533c2059d6f10","sha256:25668ea4b428fb0a61c4ba9bed76d2c1744cca583bcb30ac49c4ee3c8c930118"],"state_sha256":"e72452f34fb4819384370ee304b2d94e593385321570045fa484e972eae2a8a8"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"eyVNcTCNvs2wfKvELG4BMWN0JHUih085JJMG01w3PiyxvXepFyiTWEhDCXm8t/GdGPzS07ORUdalDDL46cO0CA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T10:28:02.509554Z","bundle_sha256":"214047c756957dad01235d847bb7cf91dc2e7bd2c6a9c2e9049183b86d785989"}}