{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2021:LGCN5U4ZN55BQB4PV4ODR4SRIS","short_pith_number":"pith:LGCN5U4Z","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"5984ded3996f7a18078faf1c38f25144a45f655f1015ae333da5389075a14aec","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2201.00074","version":3},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Engagement Outweighs Exposure to Partisan and Unreliable News within Google Search","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.SI","authors_text":"Christo Wilson, Damian J. Ruck, David Lazer, Jon Green, Katherine Ognyanova, Ronald E. Robertson","submitted_at":"2021-12-31T23:25:37Z","abstract_excerpt":"If popular online platforms systematically expose their users to partisan and unreliable news, they could potentially contribute to societal issues like rising political polarization. This concern is central to the echo chamber and filter bubble debates, which critique the roles that user choice and algorithmic curation play in guiding users to different online information sources. These roles can be measured in terms of exposure, the URLs seen while using an online platform, and engagement, the URLs selected while on that platform or browsing the web more generally. However, due to the challe"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2201.00074","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SI","submitted_at":"2021-12-31T23:25:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"8a1bb33fbe7ddc220bb1afac6e0d21a8c492480a4eef89ae41e3936bf5980d8f","abstract_canon_sha256":"af4d35ee8a095b9831a95e457cc20d658ab978b39ea13a98358dc464d5880bf1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:01:50.536768Z","signature_b64":"Aqe14uMpe+A4gRQci2bAsoJSdi5rmJozWVg9Ffbqhf9es96FhFHi6xcKrOnZPfieR3iHbEJ5zLAAneb7D/k2Ag==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5984ded3996f7a18078faf1c38f25144a45f655f1015ae333da5389075a14aec","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:01:50.536292Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:01:50.536292Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Engagement Outweighs Exposure to Partisan and Unreliable News within Google Search","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.SI","authors_text":"Christo Wilson, Damian J. Ruck, David Lazer, Jon Green, Katherine Ognyanova, Ronald E. Robertson","submitted_at":"2021-12-31T23:25:37Z","abstract_excerpt":"If popular online platforms systematically expose their users to partisan and unreliable news, they could potentially contribute to societal issues like rising political polarization. This concern is central to the echo chamber and filter bubble debates, which critique the roles that user choice and algorithmic curation play in guiding users to different online information sources. These roles can be measured in terms of exposure, the URLs seen while using an online platform, and engagement, the URLs selected while on that platform or browsing the web more generally. However, due to the challe"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2201.00074","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2201.00074/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2201.00074","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:01:50.536373+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2201.00074v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:01:50.536373+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2201.00074","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:01:50.536373+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LGCN5U4ZN55B","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:01:50.536373+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LGCN5U4ZN55BQB4P","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:01:50.536373+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LGCN5U4Z","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:01:50.536373+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":1,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2606.04293","citing_title":"Forecasting Political News Engagement on Social Media","ref_index":5,"is_internal_anchor":false}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/LGCN5U4ZN55BQB4PV4ODR4SRIS","json":"https://pith.science/pith/LGCN5U4ZN55BQB4PV4ODR4SRIS.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/LGCN5U4ZN55BQB4PV4ODR4SRIS/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/LGCN5U4ZN55BQB4PV4ODR4SRIS/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/LGCN5U4Z"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/LGCN5U4ZN55BQB4PV4ODR4SRIS","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/LGCN5U4ZN55BQB4PV4ODR4SRIS.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/LGCN5U4Z","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2201.00074&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/LGCN5U4ZN55BQB4PV4ODR4SRIS/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/LGCN5U4ZN55BQB4PV4ODR4SRIS/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/LGCN5U4ZN55BQB4PV4ODR4SRIS/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/LGCN5U4ZN55BQB4PV4ODR4SRIS/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/LGCN5U4ZN55BQB4PV4ODR4SRIS/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/LGCN5U4ZN55BQB4PV4ODR4SRIS/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/LGCN5U4ZN55BQB4PV4ODR4SRIS/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:01:50.536373+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T05:01:50.536373+00:00"}