{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2009:LGDQ7FHPCTBDRFGPY47TZWADPH","short_pith_number":"pith:LGDQ7FHP","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"59870f94ef14c23894cfc73f3cd80379f4150acc60b4c5416f169184d3cd3c99","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"0910.0850","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"The effects of opacity on gravitational stability in protoplanetary discs","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.EP"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Cathie Clarke, Giuseppe Lodato, Peter Cossins","submitted_at":"2009-10-05T20:11:39Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper we consider the effects of opacity regimes on the stability of self-gravitating protoplanetary discs to fragmentation into bound objects. Using a self-consistent 1-D viscous disc model, we show that the ratio of local cooling to dynamical timescales Omega*tcool has a strong dependence on the local temperature. We investigate the effects of temperature-dependent cooling functions on the disc's gravitational stability through controlled numerical experiments using an SPH code. We find that such cooling functions raise the susceptibility of discs to fragmentation through the influen"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0910.0850","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2009-10-05T20:11:39Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.EP"],"title_canon_sha256":"ee4496a3ce277779cc3f814690c33eadfdeb0a8fa735e48f0512c6cc7e2f57f8","abstract_canon_sha256":"3eef1c8e82e305798d9549b47e633ae0b2fa28fea71414152e14c55bef7faf7a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:26.535764Z","signature_b64":"Rme7MNMnU+YH6EIbZysiyusFwivGV9iKopEx3qBU92RN1ldrZwYMf1JfUePUIlieqVhPfNBLGkpsEZJjHZlsDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"59870f94ef14c23894cfc73f3cd80379f4150acc60b4c5416f169184d3cd3c99","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:26.535113Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:26.535113Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The effects of opacity on gravitational stability in protoplanetary discs","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.EP"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Cathie Clarke, Giuseppe Lodato, Peter Cossins","submitted_at":"2009-10-05T20:11:39Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper we consider the effects of opacity regimes on the stability of self-gravitating protoplanetary discs to fragmentation into bound objects. Using a self-consistent 1-D viscous disc model, we show that the ratio of local cooling to dynamical timescales Omega*tcool has a strong dependence on the local temperature. We investigate the effects of temperature-dependent cooling functions on the disc's gravitational stability through controlled numerical experiments using an SPH code. We find that such cooling functions raise the susceptibility of discs to fragmentation through the influen"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0910.0850","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0910.0850","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:26.535239+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0910.0850v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:26.535239+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0910.0850","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:26.535239+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LGDQ7FHPCTBD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:00.592388+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LGDQ7FHPCTBDRFGP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:00.592388+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LGDQ7FHP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:00.592388+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/LGDQ7FHPCTBDRFGPY47TZWADPH","json":"https://pith.science/pith/LGDQ7FHPCTBDRFGPY47TZWADPH.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/LGDQ7FHPCTBDRFGPY47TZWADPH/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/LGDQ7FHPCTBDRFGPY47TZWADPH/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/LGDQ7FHP"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/LGDQ7FHPCTBDRFGPY47TZWADPH","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/LGDQ7FHPCTBDRFGPY47TZWADPH.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/LGDQ7FHP","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=0910.0850&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/LGDQ7FHPCTBDRFGPY47TZWADPH/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/LGDQ7FHPCTBDRFGPY47TZWADPH/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/LGDQ7FHPCTBDRFGPY47TZWADPH/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/LGDQ7FHPCTBDRFGPY47TZWADPH/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/LGDQ7FHPCTBDRFGPY47TZWADPH/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/LGDQ7FHPCTBDRFGPY47TZWADPH/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/LGDQ7FHPCTBDRFGPY47TZWADPH/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:26.535239+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:26.535239+00:00"}