{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:LGMVA47RBTCBJRU3YO76GDHVR2","short_pith_number":"pith:LGMVA47R","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2111.08649","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2021-11-16T17:31:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"1d6bb55d80cbb26e3048df47454693099c89722f890febadb409c31d9c34a7d0","abstract_canon_sha256":"472c061be02915885102b0fd074073ef9a9a27bc5ac69d21ebf90d8c72464fbf"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"59995073f10cc414c69bc3bfe30cf58e8b9fefbedb23fe333f2845091bb18e3b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2111.08649","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2111.08649","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2111.08649v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2111.08649","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LGMVA47RBTCB","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LGMVA47RBTCBJRU3","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LGMVA47R","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:LGMVA47RBTCBJRU3YO76GDHVR2","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2111.08649","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2021-11-16T17:31:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"1d6bb55d80cbb26e3048df47454693099c89722f890febadb409c31d9c34a7d0","abstract_canon_sha256":"472c061be02915885102b0fd074073ef9a9a27bc5ac69d21ebf90d8c72464fbf"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"59995073f10cc414c69bc3bfe30cf58e8b9fefbedb23fe333f2845091bb18e3b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36.214597Z","signature_b64":"rHu6AW49JAPPAeY2/6c//H9BV6Npo98/dq0X513VsphIuSlKwDSuvGYTjSuZxHgmbyDMSUd3c3apGAaEwF+TAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"59995073f10cc414c69bc3bfe30cf58e8b9fefbedb23fe333f2845091bb18e3b","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36.214180Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36.214180Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2111.08649","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ci+E1TxFn027ol+a7BLb6lVJSW3NOoI5wnQQFeAwnk1aTXme2+2m70uxIR38fAuOjEK90iATjUtCytWnBcttDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T20:55:58.961823Z"},"content_sha256":"1fe7380f3bb191d23fd504599c7cd96cc4f7b85cf4eff8ef9a61962f9f3e422f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1fe7380f3bb191d23fd504599c7cd96cc4f7b85cf4eff8ef9a61962f9f3e422f"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:LGMVA47RBTCBJRU3YO76GDHVR2","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"FedCostWAvg: A new averaging for better Federated Learning","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Benedikt Wiestler, Bjoern Menze, Florian Kofler, Ivan Ezhov, Johannes C. Paetzold, Leon M\\\"achler, Suprosanna Shit, Timo Loehr","submitted_at":"2021-11-16T17:31:58Z","abstract_excerpt":"We propose a simple new aggregation strategy for federated learning that won the MICCAI Federated Tumor Segmentation Challenge 2021 (FETS), the first ever challenge on Federated Learning in the Machine Learning community. Our method addresses the problem of how to aggregate multiple models that were trained on different data sets. Conceptually, we propose a new way to choose the weights when averaging the different models, thereby extending the current state of the art (FedAvg). Empirical validation demonstrates that our approach reaches a notable improvement in segmentation performance compar"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2111.08649","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2111.08649/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"F+gfedmSkYSGLMEkeG2lxphNn/utduBcJsXe5UI+kTNpB2F6wbbDX/ASEhkU+a76t2QW6AvsSsi+6upirMpUDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T20:55:58.962345Z"},"content_sha256":"0f25ee39bd316506722162f9310dfe4886aa41ba151b124b8cb5896a32835ae3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0f25ee39bd316506722162f9310dfe4886aa41ba151b124b8cb5896a32835ae3"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LGMVA47RBTCBJRU3YO76GDHVR2/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LGMVA47RBTCBJRU3YO76GDHVR2/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LGMVA47RBTCBJRU3YO76GDHVR2/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-03T20:55:58Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/LGMVA47RBTCBJRU3YO76GDHVR2","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/LGMVA47RBTCBJRU3YO76GDHVR2/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/LGMVA47RBTCBJRU3YO76GDHVR2/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LGMVA47RBTCBJRU3YO76GDHVR2/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:LGMVA47RBTCBJRU3YO76GDHVR2","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"472c061be02915885102b0fd074073ef9a9a27bc5ac69d21ebf90d8c72464fbf","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2021-11-16T17:31:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"1d6bb55d80cbb26e3048df47454693099c89722f890febadb409c31d9c34a7d0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2111.08649","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2111.08649","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2111.08649v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2111.08649","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LGMVA47RBTCB","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LGMVA47RBTCBJRU3","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LGMVA47R","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0f25ee39bd316506722162f9310dfe4886aa41ba151b124b8cb5896a32835ae3","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2111.08649/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We propose a simple new aggregation strategy for federated learning that won the MICCAI Federated Tumor Segmentation Challenge 2021 (FETS), the first ever challenge on Federated Learning in the Machine Learning community. Our method addresses the problem of how to aggregate multiple models that were trained on different data sets. Conceptually, we propose a new way to choose the weights when averaging the different models, thereby extending the current state of the art (FedAvg). Empirical validation demonstrates that our approach reaches a notable improvement in segmentation performance compar","authors_text":"Benedikt Wiestler, Bjoern Menze, Florian Kofler, Ivan Ezhov, Johannes C. Paetzold, Leon M\\\"achler, Suprosanna Shit, Timo Loehr","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2021-11-16T17:31:58Z","title":"FedCostWAvg: A new averaging for better Federated Learning"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2111.08649","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1fe7380f3bb191d23fd504599c7cd96cc4f7b85cf4eff8ef9a61962f9f3e422f","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"472c061be02915885102b0fd074073ef9a9a27bc5ac69d21ebf90d8c72464fbf","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2021-11-16T17:31:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"1d6bb55d80cbb26e3048df47454693099c89722f890febadb409c31d9c34a7d0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2111.08649","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"59995073f10cc414c69bc3bfe30cf58e8b9fefbedb23fe333f2845091bb18e3b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"59995073f10cc414c69bc3bfe30cf58e8b9fefbedb23fe333f2845091bb18e3b","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36.214180Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36.214180Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"rHu6AW49JAPPAeY2/6c//H9BV6Npo98/dq0X513VsphIuSlKwDSuvGYTjSuZxHgmbyDMSUd3c3apGAaEwF+TAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:32:36.214597Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2111.08649","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1fe7380f3bb191d23fd504599c7cd96cc4f7b85cf4eff8ef9a61962f9f3e422f","sha256:0f25ee39bd316506722162f9310dfe4886aa41ba151b124b8cb5896a32835ae3"],"state_sha256":"661ad1e10446115386c3bd85de02fd7a262dcd5dec9fed094bfa46dfff0ced70"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zVnpMbqe4yhHo5p8xukfLUXIMT4sB/fs+YdU4MRnimdWZKUaD8beAj3i3ducXDmFW00UaF5kHZuh++tpAqPrDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T20:55:58.967176Z","bundle_sha256":"2b615cc66ee7460844fcdfc8dde6d46560202468841b81d5054358facabcdc83"}}