{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:LGOSRKYSS5E3PHKNI7TJCZ7DDE","short_pith_number":"pith:LGOSRKYS","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1609.05758","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ed-ph","submitted_at":"2016-09-19T14:59:17Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"7c8df88f184b85054249f946b34ac93d0af1d20fa08a8bbc10a1509589fa1a4b","abstract_canon_sha256":"f3bd1cb2286800707c5e63f7df8287d60fff5ab18ebd0dfa14d698c31b13efcb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"599d28ab129749b79d4d47e69167e319082e62e4cb23d58e0c8f0c113507904e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1609.05758","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1609.05758","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1609.05758v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1609.05758","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LGOSRKYSS5E3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LGOSRKYSS5E3PHKN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LGOSRKYS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:29Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:LGOSRKYSS5E3PHKNI7TJCZ7DDE","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1609.05758","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ed-ph","submitted_at":"2016-09-19T14:59:17Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"7c8df88f184b85054249f946b34ac93d0af1d20fa08a8bbc10a1509589fa1a4b","abstract_canon_sha256":"f3bd1cb2286800707c5e63f7df8287d60fff5ab18ebd0dfa14d698c31b13efcb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"599d28ab129749b79d4d47e69167e319082e62e4cb23d58e0c8f0c113507904e","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:25.395137Z","signature_b64":"wWvkw0kCcXWGdtqXp6OpHzUJB603teJqDLLEBEA/8frYYfir3yq76ZGWl00KiavrL+mRTCNhE8U8Wmo4OLQwBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"599d28ab129749b79d4d47e69167e319082e62e4cb23d58e0c8f0c113507904e","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:25.394391Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:25.394391Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1609.05758","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:25Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"a+UvdCvSNPNZQLc3priQZuCSokiucurykkJwsUA9r/MORcGY+aH5YYS2iqSdP72mZxg+XpDQSyWgGYCsL+4QDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T11:47:59.184638Z"},"content_sha256":"605029a7d7c7d68413efc54798e137dc35cfe17e0a8a37d94977c414b798484c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:605029a7d7c7d68413efc54798e137dc35cfe17e0a8a37d94977c414b798484c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:LGOSRKYSS5E3PHKNI7TJCZ7DDE","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Impact of instructional approach on students' epistemologies about experimental physics","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.ed-ph","authors_text":"Bethany R. Wilcox, H. J. Lewandowski","submitted_at":"2016-09-19T14:59:17Z","abstract_excerpt":"Student learning in undergraduate physics laboratory courses has garnered increased attention within the PER community. Considerable work has been done to develop curricular materials and pedagogical techniques designed to enhance student learning within laboratory learning environments. Examples of these transformation efforts include the Investigative Science Learning Environment (ISLE), Modeling Instruction, and integrated lab/lecture environments (e.g., studio physics). In addition to improving students' understanding of the physics content, lab courses often have an implicit or explicit g"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1609.05758","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:25Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"13Hx91tV4w//Gl65507NJ4CavXeOjeBIrmXSwqn1ju9NT7kr6XlbKMLeI7Zg8t/qI19HST/BRl3FHAeIYym7DA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T11:47:59.185355Z"},"content_sha256":"1385037a1ebfc41759f1961ad9cb3591c1456e264353b4fbd84f713e6c6c77e5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1385037a1ebfc41759f1961ad9cb3591c1456e264353b4fbd84f713e6c6c77e5"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LGOSRKYSS5E3PHKNI7TJCZ7DDE/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LGOSRKYSS5E3PHKNI7TJCZ7DDE/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LGOSRKYSS5E3PHKNI7TJCZ7DDE/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T11:47:59Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/LGOSRKYSS5E3PHKNI7TJCZ7DDE","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/LGOSRKYSS5E3PHKNI7TJCZ7DDE/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/LGOSRKYSS5E3PHKNI7TJCZ7DDE/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LGOSRKYSS5E3PHKNI7TJCZ7DDE/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:LGOSRKYSS5E3PHKNI7TJCZ7DDE","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f3bd1cb2286800707c5e63f7df8287d60fff5ab18ebd0dfa14d698c31b13efcb","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ed-ph","submitted_at":"2016-09-19T14:59:17Z","title_canon_sha256":"7c8df88f184b85054249f946b34ac93d0af1d20fa08a8bbc10a1509589fa1a4b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1609.05758","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1609.05758","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1609.05758v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1609.05758","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LGOSRKYSS5E3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LGOSRKYSS5E3PHKN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LGOSRKYS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:29Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:1385037a1ebfc41759f1961ad9cb3591c1456e264353b4fbd84f713e6c6c77e5","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:25Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Student learning in undergraduate physics laboratory courses has garnered increased attention within the PER community. Considerable work has been done to develop curricular materials and pedagogical techniques designed to enhance student learning within laboratory learning environments. Examples of these transformation efforts include the Investigative Science Learning Environment (ISLE), Modeling Instruction, and integrated lab/lecture environments (e.g., studio physics). In addition to improving students' understanding of the physics content, lab courses often have an implicit or explicit g","authors_text":"Bethany R. Wilcox, H. J. Lewandowski","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ed-ph","submitted_at":"2016-09-19T14:59:17Z","title":"Impact of instructional approach on students' epistemologies about experimental physics"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1609.05758","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:605029a7d7c7d68413efc54798e137dc35cfe17e0a8a37d94977c414b798484c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:25Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f3bd1cb2286800707c5e63f7df8287d60fff5ab18ebd0dfa14d698c31b13efcb","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ed-ph","submitted_at":"2016-09-19T14:59:17Z","title_canon_sha256":"7c8df88f184b85054249f946b34ac93d0af1d20fa08a8bbc10a1509589fa1a4b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1609.05758","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"599d28ab129749b79d4d47e69167e319082e62e4cb23d58e0c8f0c113507904e","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"599d28ab129749b79d4d47e69167e319082e62e4cb23d58e0c8f0c113507904e","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:25.394391Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:25.394391Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"wWvkw0kCcXWGdtqXp6OpHzUJB603teJqDLLEBEA/8frYYfir3yq76ZGWl00KiavrL+mRTCNhE8U8Wmo4OLQwBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:25.395137Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1609.05758","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:605029a7d7c7d68413efc54798e137dc35cfe17e0a8a37d94977c414b798484c","sha256:1385037a1ebfc41759f1961ad9cb3591c1456e264353b4fbd84f713e6c6c77e5"],"state_sha256":"c041e01bf942f919577fb941b20e9adae18e2d1b6d7666146aff0b6eb2361a8d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Na+F7javiceyQfr/e33xod954kPbg5z30DfWBlU+IjqWdZFGUbVr2NFoodFJQxRl1tPZj/sQWgGIv4XwIYNTAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T11:47:59.188668Z","bundle_sha256":"60b80082542ae23a18d6d577395c5ccca20e4ce788f35e5fedab70287b972cd5"}}