{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:LHC77VGD4IMS7TVBUQY76ECYRL","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1c6f32f4e97905ad6acf445bda8c983f2641fbd7b137eba76888aeb28a176bed","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2019-05-27T18:27:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"544c2b12e4789a45dacd6d327030b22dad0b534d97af3915db15793fc3461c1c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1905.11439","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1905.11439","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1905.11439v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1905.11439","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LHC77VGD4IMS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LHC77VGD4IMS7TVB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LHC77VGD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:21Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:cb64c8a1c38c45875da95ca7487360bf54054ecd841bf52470a8f5b45fb97497","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The cosmic X-ray background (CXB), which peaks at an energy of ~30 keV, is produced primarily by emission from accreting supermassive black holes (SMBHs). The CXB therefore serves as a constraint on the integrated SMBH growth in the Universe and the accretion physics and obscuration in active galactic nuclei (AGNs). This paper gives an overview of recent progress in understanding the high-energy (>~10 keV) X-ray emission from AGNs and the synthesis of the CXB, with an emphasis on results from NASA's NuSTAR hard X-ray mission. We then discuss remaining challenges and open questions regarding th","authors_text":"A. Masini, C. Ricci, D. R. Ballantyne, D. Stern, F. Civano (CfA | Harvard-Smithsonian), F. Fornasini, G. B. Lansbury, G. Lanzuisi, K. K. Madsen, L. Lanz, M. Balokovic, M. L. Jones, P. Gandhi, P. G. Boorman, R. C. Hickox (Dartmouth), R. E. A. Canning, S. Marchesi, T. Ananna, W. N. Brandt","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2019-05-27T18:27:44Z","title":"Resolving the cosmic X-ray background with a next-generation high-energy X-ray observatory"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1905.11439","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ebb5a05a9d51afa21d1fa67f4190eb1e1aa39c46bd4d5e203d614c7b3ccfa54b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1c6f32f4e97905ad6acf445bda8c983f2641fbd7b137eba76888aeb28a176bed","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2019-05-27T18:27:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"544c2b12e4789a45dacd6d327030b22dad0b534d97af3915db15793fc3461c1c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1905.11439","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"59c5ffd4c3e2192fcea1a431ff10588afc4b567ef0374490588cc734b8f4ac39","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"59c5ffd4c3e2192fcea1a431ff10588afc4b567ef0374490588cc734b8f4ac39","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:53.411243Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:53.411243Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"aSnCquEJI9zsYmynQyPuVeS1sVKVX6HVVGfoA4B1bTxBmyziQMjmeyFCf0FUd2Lljz9rK+STibaAhtQCL4AbDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:53.411817Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1905.11439","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ebb5a05a9d51afa21d1fa67f4190eb1e1aa39c46bd4d5e203d614c7b3ccfa54b","sha256:cb64c8a1c38c45875da95ca7487360bf54054ecd841bf52470a8f5b45fb97497"],"state_sha256":"423f327676368fabf17be116de857aed25187b59bc75275f13f85a69e4c0239d"}