{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:LIX3GLTW3NGW533QGTS7PA4O2J","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3142928afc32295af8bce6a8ddbb7ad6f5258064004548d2cf811a6a77fa58f0","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2021-07-14T08:01:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"4e875dc56b5fa6346afe1a4f3d340931b7561f1d122706a29974eb45146f2c68"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2107.06533","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2107.06533","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:57:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2107.06533v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:57:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2107.06533","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:57:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LIX3GLTW3NGW","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:57:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LIX3GLTW3NGW533Q","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:57:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LIX3GLTW","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:57:58Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f099f461e4f2743845075ea5663d9608567439b6bf78774ff9d363ebf451f9cf","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:57:58Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2107.06533/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Distributed training with synchronous stochastic gradient descent (SGD) on GPU clusters has been widely used to accelerate the training process of deep models. However, SGD only utilizes the first-order gradient in model parameter updates, which may take days or weeks. Recent studies have successfully exploited approximate second-order information to speed up the training process, in which the Kronecker-Factored Approximate Curvature (KFAC) emerges as one of the most efficient approximation algorithms for training deep models. Yet, when leveraging GPU clusters to train models with distributed ","authors_text":"Bo Li, Lin Zhang, Shaohuai Shi","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2021-07-14T08:01:07Z","title":"Accelerating Distributed K-FAC with Smart Parallelism of Computing and Communication Tasks"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2107.06533","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e0f3d821c5da7d28f6e81a57d909514c43a1ebeebe60ca2a53b36d5cf436236a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:57:58Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3142928afc32295af8bce6a8ddbb7ad6f5258064004548d2cf811a6a77fa58f0","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2021-07-14T08:01:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"4e875dc56b5fa6346afe1a4f3d340931b7561f1d122706a29974eb45146f2c68"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2107.06533","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"5a2fb32e76db4d6eef7034e5f7838ed264bd517d3970a78e3dbcb3f5a46e4ec5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5a2fb32e76db4d6eef7034e5f7838ed264bd517d3970a78e3dbcb3f5a46e4ec5","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:57:58.973947Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:57:58.973947Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"yp5IH6vOJr0e2rK8FNOV7YmbzqW5AvOSMz2BuVAytfHyJTkRBVIOLTYwuyf51O5DjEUjbjW0mNMv+JKQTawVAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:57:58.974322Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2107.06533","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e0f3d821c5da7d28f6e81a57d909514c43a1ebeebe60ca2a53b36d5cf436236a","sha256:f099f461e4f2743845075ea5663d9608567439b6bf78774ff9d363ebf451f9cf"],"state_sha256":"4ef9ea8fe5fefe5e9e7db465e95ca48809eaa69f23f8c7be3128e1cce4aa42b4"}