{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:LIXMGSS7W6DZRGWQIK74BO3YA5","short_pith_number":"pith:LIXMGSS7","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.11892","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-06-13T15:39:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"e31df6768ed88e4c98cecb83eedfefacc54ac7c60a1f7ebea5104cf44b2db70e","abstract_canon_sha256":"bc0cd631ce9b309ad8a8972f73d2018999aa2b6cedc1f0fc6610e0af696cc1c3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5a2ec34a5fb787989ad042bfc0bb780749c6888c8724712484447716cf04c3ef","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2506.11892","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.11892","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.11892v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.11892","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LIXMGSS7W6DZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LIXMGSS7W6DZRGWQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LIXMGSS7","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:LIXMGSS7W6DZRGWQIK74BO3YA5","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.11892","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-06-13T15:39:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"e31df6768ed88e4c98cecb83eedfefacc54ac7c60a1f7ebea5104cf44b2db70e","abstract_canon_sha256":"bc0cd631ce9b309ad8a8972f73d2018999aa2b6cedc1f0fc6610e0af696cc1c3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5a2ec34a5fb787989ad042bfc0bb780749c6888c8724712484447716cf04c3ef","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12.422844Z","signature_b64":"1eMQah8HMC3kYfiYX9AYWiItU/4Oz+7M93PdS3Meuye108rj8YVkslYV5gPhlruevkBVtL97jPpiF8j4IrxvAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5a2ec34a5fb787989ad042bfc0bb780749c6888c8724712484447716cf04c3ef","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12.422386Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12.422386Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2506.11892","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ejl8rtbdEthXCmMlCz49/N9T6L8S2QjnJEikQ2cFPmfn1w+y0R73IiDlwh52aeuiMSfM7+3Igk5Ims4m1ImjBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T11:52:24.534308Z"},"content_sha256":"caf59254a53192244ff00dc21194536d59633757b60cd1d4fff08ea1a75bd3ab","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:caf59254a53192244ff00dc21194536d59633757b60cd1d4fff08ea1a75bd3ab"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:LIXMGSS7W6DZRGWQIK74BO3YA5","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Attention-based Adversarial Robust Distillation in Radio Signal Classifications for Low-Power IoT Devices","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Basil AsSadhan, Fabio Roli, Gan Zheng, Guisheng Liao, Lu Zhang, Sangarapillai Lambotharan","submitted_at":"2025-06-13T15:39:01Z","abstract_excerpt":"Due to great success of transformers in many applications such as natural language processing and computer vision, transformers have been successfully applied in automatic modulation classification. We have shown that transformer-based radio signal classification is vulnerable to imperceptible and carefully crafted attacks called adversarial examples. Therefore, we propose a defense system against adversarial examples in transformer-based modulation classifications. Considering the need for computationally efficient architecture particularly for Internet of Things (IoT)-based applications or o"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.11892","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2506.11892/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"R2c3XRr2Ljf233IBdf+uKQKeFhr1Cb+HZBNaDEY+oVWZ1CL+LnJQhuYKBcFMlI2LEXGrvlM+5kwVaZlrjDP+BQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T11:52:24.541993Z"},"content_sha256":"fb7a332590267a5df528f20c35e991d59cf83f8775bb189bb2dd40ecd77c0f74","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fb7a332590267a5df528f20c35e991d59cf83f8775bb189bb2dd40ecd77c0f74"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LIXMGSS7W6DZRGWQIK74BO3YA5/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LIXMGSS7W6DZRGWQIK74BO3YA5/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LIXMGSS7W6DZRGWQIK74BO3YA5/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-08T11:52:24Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/LIXMGSS7W6DZRGWQIK74BO3YA5","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/LIXMGSS7W6DZRGWQIK74BO3YA5/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/LIXMGSS7W6DZRGWQIK74BO3YA5/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LIXMGSS7W6DZRGWQIK74BO3YA5/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:LIXMGSS7W6DZRGWQIK74BO3YA5","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bc0cd631ce9b309ad8a8972f73d2018999aa2b6cedc1f0fc6610e0af696cc1c3","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-06-13T15:39:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"e31df6768ed88e4c98cecb83eedfefacc54ac7c60a1f7ebea5104cf44b2db70e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2506.11892","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.11892","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.11892v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.11892","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LIXMGSS7W6DZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LIXMGSS7W6DZRGWQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LIXMGSS7","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:fb7a332590267a5df528f20c35e991d59cf83f8775bb189bb2dd40ecd77c0f74","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2506.11892/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Due to great success of transformers in many applications such as natural language processing and computer vision, transformers have been successfully applied in automatic modulation classification. We have shown that transformer-based radio signal classification is vulnerable to imperceptible and carefully crafted attacks called adversarial examples. Therefore, we propose a defense system against adversarial examples in transformer-based modulation classifications. Considering the need for computationally efficient architecture particularly for Internet of Things (IoT)-based applications or o","authors_text":"Basil AsSadhan, Fabio Roli, Gan Zheng, Guisheng Liao, Lu Zhang, Sangarapillai Lambotharan","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-06-13T15:39:01Z","title":"Attention-based Adversarial Robust Distillation in Radio Signal Classifications for Low-Power IoT Devices"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.11892","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:caf59254a53192244ff00dc21194536d59633757b60cd1d4fff08ea1a75bd3ab","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bc0cd631ce9b309ad8a8972f73d2018999aa2b6cedc1f0fc6610e0af696cc1c3","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-06-13T15:39:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"e31df6768ed88e4c98cecb83eedfefacc54ac7c60a1f7ebea5104cf44b2db70e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2506.11892","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"5a2ec34a5fb787989ad042bfc0bb780749c6888c8724712484447716cf04c3ef","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5a2ec34a5fb787989ad042bfc0bb780749c6888c8724712484447716cf04c3ef","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12.422386Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12.422386Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"1eMQah8HMC3kYfiYX9AYWiItU/4Oz+7M93PdS3Meuye108rj8YVkslYV5gPhlruevkBVtL97jPpiF8j4IrxvAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:21:12.422844Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2506.11892","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:caf59254a53192244ff00dc21194536d59633757b60cd1d4fff08ea1a75bd3ab","sha256:fb7a332590267a5df528f20c35e991d59cf83f8775bb189bb2dd40ecd77c0f74"],"state_sha256":"a8bace7726389f4b331d1d002592e66ed15fd7c8edb3db3e09339a6781945cf7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8oa9AXeRbHlmox0R95BmpWry48cELvRtLFejowGht0qv0u8+fNo5FTC0824E4aJR/GSjaHbZVj11GW1L1gByAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T11:52:24.547845Z","bundle_sha256":"0c9433e98839b619255e9a5ee3ac4c8e06c9589b9791317e0a67ceb73fe687d0"}}