{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:LJMC6MPIS2YN3AGYCI3MVYIQZW","short_pith_number":"pith:LJMC6MPI","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2008.05663","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2020-08-13T03:09:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"b5da75f19b0949c31f74589313d78306005d26ca360719d2dbb1b7dafc4a9827","abstract_canon_sha256":"ad1355e95d6efd07f6916699bd46b25666ad37bf9e4c0b0e8e3fc75cd7620d3a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5a582f31e896b0dd80d81236cae110cd864d2add0b05ff96809d3df82b9a8f62","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2008.05663","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2008.05663","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2008.05663v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2008.05663","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LJMC6MPIS2YN","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LJMC6MPIS2YN3AGY","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LJMC6MPI","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:LJMC6MPIS2YN3AGYCI3MVYIQZW","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2008.05663","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2020-08-13T03:09:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"b5da75f19b0949c31f74589313d78306005d26ca360719d2dbb1b7dafc4a9827","abstract_canon_sha256":"ad1355e95d6efd07f6916699bd46b25666ad37bf9e4c0b0e8e3fc75cd7620d3a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5a582f31e896b0dd80d81236cae110cd864d2add0b05ff96809d3df82b9a8f62","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56.939300Z","signature_b64":"d/unggWXscXLtv3VQpkn/zOGHoRmBRv4IETIC/bse7Kdw+R4HqDC/Alu3x58z3PHu+/HomHNDzdB5iAewPy0DA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5a582f31e896b0dd80d81236cae110cd864d2add0b05ff96809d3df82b9a8f62","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56.938875Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56.938875Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2008.05663","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KDIwRd2SxZ6KZVrhzeTUpp74DBVV/ycA9CxpHh4cXs/CSnxvbuKeG++sp2D43Ui+vt4jgKp3DEKiok0EGjFaCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-17T14:01:35.225333Z"},"content_sha256":"0176964e673fd6ba78c1684b08539f96275bdf7078f12125ddd91fdeaa95bf6a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0176964e673fd6ba78c1684b08539f96275bdf7078f12125ddd91fdeaa95bf6a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:LJMC6MPIS2YN3AGYCI3MVYIQZW","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The influence of streaming velocities and Lyman-Werner radiation on the formation of the first stars","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Anna T. P. Schauer, Paul Clark, Ralf S. Klessen, Simon C. O. Glover","submitted_at":"2020-08-13T03:09:40Z","abstract_excerpt":"The first stars in the Universe, the so-called Population III stars, form in small dark matter minihaloes with virial temperatures $T_{\\rm vir} < 10^{4}$~K. Cooling in these minihaloes is dominated by molecular hydrogen (H$_{2}$), and so Population III star formation is only possible in those minihaloes that form enough H$_{2}$ to cool on a short timescale. As H$_{2}$ cooling is more effective in more massive minihaloes, there is therefore a critical halo mass scale $M_{\\rm min}$ above which Population III star formation first becomes possible. Two important processes can alter this minimum ma"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2008.05663","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2008.05663/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"i9Kft0LRrdbHO329sX+ZkC3zIpjp4r/G1JjAt+7++C/iNbn0GIsSwDME/gBX/dCoEFhcFFOoOQBuLoYgTxq4Dg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-17T14:01:35.225707Z"},"content_sha256":"768b243b171f7288665c2396e685b7bc3ff32b57ce61f08a7f09fe08c26ed346","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:768b243b171f7288665c2396e685b7bc3ff32b57ce61f08a7f09fe08c26ed346"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LJMC6MPIS2YN3AGYCI3MVYIQZW/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LJMC6MPIS2YN3AGYCI3MVYIQZW/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LJMC6MPIS2YN3AGYCI3MVYIQZW/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-17T14:01:35Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/LJMC6MPIS2YN3AGYCI3MVYIQZW","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/LJMC6MPIS2YN3AGYCI3MVYIQZW/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/LJMC6MPIS2YN3AGYCI3MVYIQZW/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LJMC6MPIS2YN3AGYCI3MVYIQZW/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:LJMC6MPIS2YN3AGYCI3MVYIQZW","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ad1355e95d6efd07f6916699bd46b25666ad37bf9e4c0b0e8e3fc75cd7620d3a","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2020-08-13T03:09:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"b5da75f19b0949c31f74589313d78306005d26ca360719d2dbb1b7dafc4a9827"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2008.05663","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2008.05663","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2008.05663v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2008.05663","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LJMC6MPIS2YN","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LJMC6MPIS2YN3AGY","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LJMC6MPI","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:768b243b171f7288665c2396e685b7bc3ff32b57ce61f08a7f09fe08c26ed346","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2008.05663/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The first stars in the Universe, the so-called Population III stars, form in small dark matter minihaloes with virial temperatures $T_{\\rm vir} < 10^{4}$~K. Cooling in these minihaloes is dominated by molecular hydrogen (H$_{2}$), and so Population III star formation is only possible in those minihaloes that form enough H$_{2}$ to cool on a short timescale. As H$_{2}$ cooling is more effective in more massive minihaloes, there is therefore a critical halo mass scale $M_{\\rm min}$ above which Population III star formation first becomes possible. Two important processes can alter this minimum ma","authors_text":"Anna T. P. Schauer, Paul Clark, Ralf S. Klessen, Simon C. O. Glover","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2020-08-13T03:09:40Z","title":"The influence of streaming velocities and Lyman-Werner radiation on the formation of the first stars"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2008.05663","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0176964e673fd6ba78c1684b08539f96275bdf7078f12125ddd91fdeaa95bf6a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ad1355e95d6efd07f6916699bd46b25666ad37bf9e4c0b0e8e3fc75cd7620d3a","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2020-08-13T03:09:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"b5da75f19b0949c31f74589313d78306005d26ca360719d2dbb1b7dafc4a9827"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2008.05663","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"5a582f31e896b0dd80d81236cae110cd864d2add0b05ff96809d3df82b9a8f62","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5a582f31e896b0dd80d81236cae110cd864d2add0b05ff96809d3df82b9a8f62","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56.938875Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56.938875Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"d/unggWXscXLtv3VQpkn/zOGHoRmBRv4IETIC/bse7Kdw+R4HqDC/Alu3x58z3PHu+/HomHNDzdB5iAewPy0DA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:56.939300Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2008.05663","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0176964e673fd6ba78c1684b08539f96275bdf7078f12125ddd91fdeaa95bf6a","sha256:768b243b171f7288665c2396e685b7bc3ff32b57ce61f08a7f09fe08c26ed346"],"state_sha256":"8caaf8d1e869d6375fb33e9607039151042dfb34163133d253cd171f7561652e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ee6uzL0Ddua1Hj+sCXdhljBrgdj3z50IRbkQbiBmk9Jl4loB8tRGSOBx4bNcolJzEqPS61XLVPIbjr3epwOrCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-17T14:01:35.228086Z","bundle_sha256":"92b79051565d2c9e876827897fc220b2f26fee3c0482adf7582d176b35bf2f83"}}