{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2026:LLYBXJLANXRUWG656DEJPFYO65","short_pith_number":"pith:LLYBXJLA","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"5af01ba5606de34b1bddf0c897970ef762da0815e530181a5c5bffce8dffc4c2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2603.20460","version":3},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Coma Physics of an Interstellar Object: JWST Spatial-Spectral Mapping of 3I/ATLAS","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"JWST spatial-spectral maps show apolar volatiles anisotropically distributed in the coma of interstellar object 3I/ATLAS while polar ones are symmetric.","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","authors_text":"Cristina A. Thomas, Cyrielle Opitom, Davide Farnocchia, Dennis Bodewits, Dominique Bockelee-Morvan, Geronimo L. Villanueva, Jacques Crovisier, John W. Noonan, Kenji Furuya, Marco Micheli, Maria N. Drozdovskaya, Martin A. Cordiner, Megan E. Schwamb, Michael S.P. Kelley, Nathan X. Roth, Nicolas Biver, Sara Faggi, Stefanie N. Milam, Steven B. Charnley, Steven J. Bromley","submitted_at":"2026-03-20T19:40:35Z","abstract_excerpt":"We report a survey of molecular emission from cometary volatiles using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) toward interstellar object 3I/ATLAS carried out on UT 2025 December 22 and 23 at a heliocentric distance ($r_H$) of $2.37-2.41$ au. These measurements of CO, CO$_2$, H$_2$O, CH$_3$OH, and CH$_4$ sampled molecular chemistry in 3I/ATLAS as it receded from its encounter with our Sun and entered the vicinity of the H$_2$O ice line -- the region between $r_H$ = $2-3$ au where the temperature becomes too low for H$_2$O to vigorously sublime and CO and CO$_2$ begin to control the overall activ"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":true},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2603.20460","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2026-03-20T19:40:35Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"ec4e57d31105a79dd38fa35c5e1d0f114af034b40a77ae2f448923603acb0272","abstract_canon_sha256":"91dd37aaa0292726f9f4c4a9ba0aa9a25e6f73aa900584c5c0b1a7456c09008e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-28T01:05:12.122110Z","signature_b64":"QZi0rMO0FWKRgEHEKOm9qBhdyxFrnTuikk5YaNUd1yITArPIcOZ9fMfasb0Zrl0oaErP7Ywq3RRdjwZIB3RvDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5af01ba5606de34b1bddf0c897970ef762da0815e530181a5c5bffce8dffc4c2","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-28T01:05:12.121542Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-28T01:05:12.121542Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Coma Physics of an Interstellar Object: JWST Spatial-Spectral Mapping of 3I/ATLAS","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"JWST spatial-spectral maps show apolar volatiles anisotropically distributed in the coma of interstellar object 3I/ATLAS while polar ones are symmetric.","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","authors_text":"Cristina A. Thomas, Cyrielle Opitom, Davide Farnocchia, Dennis Bodewits, Dominique Bockelee-Morvan, Geronimo L. Villanueva, Jacques Crovisier, John W. Noonan, Kenji Furuya, Marco Micheli, Maria N. Drozdovskaya, Martin A. Cordiner, Megan E. Schwamb, Michael S.P. Kelley, Nathan X. Roth, Nicolas Biver, Sara Faggi, Stefanie N. Milam, Steven B. Charnley, Steven J. Bromley","submitted_at":"2026-03-20T19:40:35Z","abstract_excerpt":"We report a survey of molecular emission from cometary volatiles using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) toward interstellar object 3I/ATLAS carried out on UT 2025 December 22 and 23 at a heliocentric distance ($r_H$) of $2.37-2.41$ au. These measurements of CO, CO$_2$, H$_2$O, CH$_3$OH, and CH$_4$ sampled molecular chemistry in 3I/ATLAS as it receded from its encounter with our Sun and entered the vicinity of the H$_2$O ice line -- the region between $r_H$ = $2-3$ au where the temperature becomes too low for H$_2$O to vigorously sublime and CO and CO$_2$ begin to control the overall activ"},"claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"kind":"strongest_claim","text":"The spatial distributions of both quantities were highly anisotropic for the apolar species in the coma of 3I/ATLAS, yet were more nearly symmetric for the polar molecules. These results demonstrate how volatiles were segregated in the nucleus ices of 3I/ATLAS and reveal heating and cooling mechanisms in its coma.","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C1","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"weakest_assumption","text":"That the observed anisotropy in spatial distributions of column density and temperature directly indicates segregation of volatiles in the nucleus ices, rather than arising from projection effects, variable excitation, or other unmodeled coma dynamics.","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C2","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"one_line_summary","text":"JWST spatial-spectral maps of 3I/ATLAS reveal CO as the primary volatile with H2O and CO2 abundances of 40.5% and 41.6% relative to CO, anisotropic distributions for apolar molecules, and a flat H2O OPR of 2.7.","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C3","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"headline","text":"JWST spatial-spectral maps show apolar volatiles anisotropically distributed in the coma of interstellar object 3I/ATLAS while polar ones are symmetric.","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C4","attestation":"unclaimed"}],"snapshot_sha256":"8ef8cbed5621c6c0acb94bd172135cb9b41da53d10b9c5cd07e3c341a221fe98"},"source":{"id":"2603.20460","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":"999673df-b836-4115-893b-85ab91fc7751","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"created_at":"2026-05-15T06:36:26.260365Z","strongest_claim":"The spatial distributions of both quantities were highly anisotropic for the apolar species in the coma of 3I/ATLAS, yet were more nearly symmetric for the polar molecules. These results demonstrate how volatiles were segregated in the nucleus ices of 3I/ATLAS and reveal heating and cooling mechanisms in its coma.","one_line_summary":"JWST spatial-spectral maps of 3I/ATLAS reveal CO as the primary volatile with H2O and CO2 abundances of 40.5% and 41.6% relative to CO, anisotropic distributions for apolar molecules, and a flat H2O OPR of 2.7.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","weakest_assumption":"That the observed anisotropy in spatial distributions of column density and temperature directly indicates segregation of volatiles in the nucleus ices, rather than arising from projection effects, variable excitation, or other unmodeled coma dynamics.","pith_extraction_headline":"JWST spatial-spectral maps show apolar volatiles anisotropically distributed in the coma of interstellar object 3I/ATLAS while polar ones are symmetric."},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2603.20460/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":2,"snapshot_sha256":"e1331fff0fe5f3aef1608fb9e4f1f799f2872eeb842ff2aff529abeaef967f9c"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2603.20460","created_at":"2026-05-28T01:05:12.121621+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2603.20460v3","created_at":"2026-05-28T01:05:12.121621+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2603.20460","created_at":"2026-05-28T01:05:12.121621+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LLYBXJLANXRU","created_at":"2026-05-28T01:05:12.121621+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LLYBXJLANXRUWG65","created_at":"2026-05-28T01:05:12.121621+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LLYBXJLA","created_at":"2026-05-28T01:05:12.121621+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":3,"internal_anchor_count":3,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2603.07718","citing_title":"Post-perihelion Coma Composition of the Interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS from Optical Spectroscopy","ref_index":41,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.07652","citing_title":"Origin and evolution of NiI and FeI in the coma of the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS throughout its trajectory","ref_index":38,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.07652","citing_title":"Origin and evolution of NiI and FeI in the coma of the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS throughout its trajectory","ref_index":188,"is_internal_anchor":true}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":2,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/LLYBXJLANXRUWG656DEJPFYO65","json":"https://pith.science/pith/LLYBXJLANXRUWG656DEJPFYO65.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/LLYBXJLANXRUWG656DEJPFYO65/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/LLYBXJLANXRUWG656DEJPFYO65/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/LLYBXJLA"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/LLYBXJLANXRUWG656DEJPFYO65","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/LLYBXJLANXRUWG656DEJPFYO65.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/LLYBXJLA","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2603.20460&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/LLYBXJLANXRUWG656DEJPFYO65/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/LLYBXJLANXRUWG656DEJPFYO65/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/LLYBXJLANXRUWG656DEJPFYO65/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/LLYBXJLANXRUWG656DEJPFYO65/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/LLYBXJLANXRUWG656DEJPFYO65/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/LLYBXJLANXRUWG656DEJPFYO65/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/LLYBXJLANXRUWG656DEJPFYO65/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-28T01:05:12.121621+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-28T01:05:12.121621+00:00"}