{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:LMC2XOQUGAIEZV5FIPEA3H5OMI","short_pith_number":"pith:LMC2XOQU","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1307.2211","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2013-07-08T19:33:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ad6d36fe044a8276c19d1636d6975f4595a3e878b559c70119d7f93e04f23d99","abstract_canon_sha256":"1297ca85aadf7948f59f66200f453f806ae192e55d8e73a212b34959afb50d15"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5b05abba1430104cd7a543c80d9fae6201538bccdf5e7d85394b9ef35de57912","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1307.2211","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1307.2211","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1307.2211v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1307.2211","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LMC2XOQUGAIE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LMC2XOQUGAIEZV5F","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LMC2XOQU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:51Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:LMC2XOQUGAIEZV5FIPEA3H5OMI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1307.2211","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2013-07-08T19:33:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ad6d36fe044a8276c19d1636d6975f4595a3e878b559c70119d7f93e04f23d99","abstract_canon_sha256":"1297ca85aadf7948f59f66200f453f806ae192e55d8e73a212b34959afb50d15"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5b05abba1430104cd7a543c80d9fae6201538bccdf5e7d85394b9ef35de57912","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:18.789822Z","signature_b64":"8MXjkbaR6L+S9oWqXjDZJm1s6XteIqg4TSGrOrSprSQFFa68e77sC8es5zQ9Wwp9SBUDHaA0k771hbAOMUmRAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5b05abba1430104cd7a543c80d9fae6201538bccdf5e7d85394b9ef35de57912","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:18.789397Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:18.789397Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1307.2211","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:18Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/czoKHW1xDXRQjqYkySsd6aTQ0BqW8wQBJYmnLHKiGqTYZVhAjom+7gGazMEVfr2zOkDOU19nJmKm6kCudKOBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T00:35:27.937236Z"},"content_sha256":"9cb36ed3896af4767d91614120641693714e7792f286d830668d39a306951c81","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9cb36ed3896af4767d91614120641693714e7792f286d830668d39a306951c81"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:LMC2XOQUGAIEZV5FIPEA3H5OMI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Optimal arbitrarily accurate composite pulse sequences","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Guang Hao Low, Isaac L. Chuang, Theodore J. Yoder","submitted_at":"2013-07-08T19:33:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"Implementing a single qubit unitary is often hampered by imperfect control. Systematic amplitude errors $\\epsilon$, caused by incorrect duration or strength of a pulse, are an especially common problem. But a sequence of imperfect pulses can provide a better implementation of a desired operation, as compared to a single primitive pulse. We find optimal pulse sequences consisting of $L$ primitive $\\pi$ or $2\\pi$ rotations that suppress such errors to arbitrary order $\\mathcal{O}(\\epsilon^{n})$ on arbitrary initial states. Optimality is demonstrated by proving an $L=\\mathcal{O}(n)$ lower bound a"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1307.2211","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:18Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"bgfPnLmUhUTWPDD2W8TxKp21Taz8D8UhsC+9l/F/yS80HDVPYrt+lIDRkNgdm869C1nZXsl3xadeQoRerkvACA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T00:35:27.937916Z"},"content_sha256":"1c42e01b87834a48bfd062726e887274555a3d5cf795f8047dfffae5a13079b7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1c42e01b87834a48bfd062726e887274555a3d5cf795f8047dfffae5a13079b7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LMC2XOQUGAIEZV5FIPEA3H5OMI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LMC2XOQUGAIEZV5FIPEA3H5OMI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LMC2XOQUGAIEZV5FIPEA3H5OMI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T00:35:27Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/LMC2XOQUGAIEZV5FIPEA3H5OMI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/LMC2XOQUGAIEZV5FIPEA3H5OMI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/LMC2XOQUGAIEZV5FIPEA3H5OMI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LMC2XOQUGAIEZV5FIPEA3H5OMI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:LMC2XOQUGAIEZV5FIPEA3H5OMI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1297ca85aadf7948f59f66200f453f806ae192e55d8e73a212b34959afb50d15","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2013-07-08T19:33:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"ad6d36fe044a8276c19d1636d6975f4595a3e878b559c70119d7f93e04f23d99"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1307.2211","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1307.2211","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1307.2211v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1307.2211","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LMC2XOQUGAIE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LMC2XOQUGAIEZV5F","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LMC2XOQU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:51Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:1c42e01b87834a48bfd062726e887274555a3d5cf795f8047dfffae5a13079b7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:18Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Implementing a single qubit unitary is often hampered by imperfect control. Systematic amplitude errors $\\epsilon$, caused by incorrect duration or strength of a pulse, are an especially common problem. But a sequence of imperfect pulses can provide a better implementation of a desired operation, as compared to a single primitive pulse. We find optimal pulse sequences consisting of $L$ primitive $\\pi$ or $2\\pi$ rotations that suppress such errors to arbitrary order $\\mathcal{O}(\\epsilon^{n})$ on arbitrary initial states. Optimality is demonstrated by proving an $L=\\mathcal{O}(n)$ lower bound a","authors_text":"Guang Hao Low, Isaac L. Chuang, Theodore J. Yoder","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2013-07-08T19:33:38Z","title":"Optimal arbitrarily accurate composite pulse sequences"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1307.2211","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:9cb36ed3896af4767d91614120641693714e7792f286d830668d39a306951c81","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:18Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1297ca85aadf7948f59f66200f453f806ae192e55d8e73a212b34959afb50d15","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2013-07-08T19:33:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"ad6d36fe044a8276c19d1636d6975f4595a3e878b559c70119d7f93e04f23d99"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1307.2211","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"5b05abba1430104cd7a543c80d9fae6201538bccdf5e7d85394b9ef35de57912","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5b05abba1430104cd7a543c80d9fae6201538bccdf5e7d85394b9ef35de57912","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:18.789397Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:18.789397Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"8MXjkbaR6L+S9oWqXjDZJm1s6XteIqg4TSGrOrSprSQFFa68e77sC8es5zQ9Wwp9SBUDHaA0k771hbAOMUmRAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:41:18.789822Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1307.2211","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:9cb36ed3896af4767d91614120641693714e7792f286d830668d39a306951c81","sha256:1c42e01b87834a48bfd062726e887274555a3d5cf795f8047dfffae5a13079b7"],"state_sha256":"e6f2600248bb0b02394dfe3db97ab5670b7c5da4b3d646faecbf1f651ff28cea"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"59iY2lGryStUyd0cf0v0tRGxo+OzJ1Xva/WkPPBfWvhnRkbn8KodRIWGT+BrqQ7CJaFz/ayJJVnzYWx8Lm2qDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T00:35:27.941472Z","bundle_sha256":"5cbcf5a0f75a7c17a94007786017f5d5fb00d740bb99187e87c23752d04ffd6f"}}