{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:LNC6E5ZCTZ422J7WH67QWFVXRR","short_pith_number":"pith:LNC6E5ZC","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1501.00019","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","submitted_at":"2014-12-30T21:05:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":["q-bio.QM","stat.AP"],"title_canon_sha256":"b334081ec54bed2f16e19e2f9386a19201376fcd8bcdce31719fc9e9a0e08995","abstract_canon_sha256":"279278bd695f2331ad18e62db3afc7ebe925762d3147aa3c3e5f5f92f3a91f6a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5b45e277229e79ad27f63fbf0b16b78c52d85af7d3a7d08c815dd3ff192b1ec2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1501.00019","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1501.00019","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1501.00019v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1501.00019","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LNC6E5ZCTZ42","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LNC6E5ZCTZ422J7W","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LNC6E5ZC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:38Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:LNC6E5ZCTZ422J7WH67QWFVXRR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1501.00019","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","submitted_at":"2014-12-30T21:05:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":["q-bio.QM","stat.AP"],"title_canon_sha256":"b334081ec54bed2f16e19e2f9386a19201376fcd8bcdce31719fc9e9a0e08995","abstract_canon_sha256":"279278bd695f2331ad18e62db3afc7ebe925762d3147aa3c3e5f5f92f3a91f6a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5b45e277229e79ad27f63fbf0b16b78c52d85af7d3a7d08c815dd3ff192b1ec2","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:30:15.018729Z","signature_b64":"TMNtj8q1Q/DuykSeKROLNRk5EaGNXMl4ZYhcplR7msPq1JsIhXnVHwrmHkYFsD7gw6YAJJc86qucyi8FQhz7AQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5b45e277229e79ad27f63fbf0b16b78c52d85af7d3a7d08c815dd3ff192b1ec2","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:30:15.018327Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:30:15.018327Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1501.00019","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:30:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RYXoZ2aNP2DNPVKQlMHRmF1s3TlxNZXk7arhpvJaGLKGrktxNaEvOusMivii4NOjKn1OrXQnMQfAP+oKW2ONCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T15:54:03.956034Z"},"content_sha256":"e02292cf3a437be3216a8773ee9ef4e858d7943b121eb5d9afdd702fc8c76cd4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e02292cf3a437be3216a8773ee9ef4e858d7943b121eb5d9afdd702fc8c76cd4"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:LNC6E5ZCTZ422J7WH67QWFVXRR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Extended Distance-based Phylogenetic Analyses Applied to 3D Homo Fossil Skull Evolution","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["q-bio.QM","stat.AP"],"primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","authors_text":"Peter J. Waddell","submitted_at":"2014-12-30T21:05:27Z","abstract_excerpt":"This article shows how 3D geometric morphometric data can be analyzed using newly developed distance-based evolutionary tree inference methods, with extensions to planar graphs. Application of these methods to 3D representations of the skullcap (calvaria) of 13 diverse skulls in the genus Homo, ranging from Homo erectus (ergaster) at about 1.6 mya, all the way forward to modern humans, yields a remarkably clear phylogenetic tree. Various evolutionary hypotheses are tested. Results of these tests include rejection of the monophyly of Homo heidelbergensis, the Multi-Regional hypothesis, and the "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1501.00019","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:30:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RQ5VXTyc+9pn0ldU7ZElpPHjumkLMD/vmwZ75WZIZqat9A4g8mhKTvLOoF/IWxGvu/BHihq/Yl9S0tR106S8BA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T15:54:03.956399Z"},"content_sha256":"1e4631dacb0a7fbd514180d9f83ef4529d39023d11da829af5bb303848bbd9dc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1e4631dacb0a7fbd514180d9f83ef4529d39023d11da829af5bb303848bbd9dc"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LNC6E5ZCTZ422J7WH67QWFVXRR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LNC6E5ZCTZ422J7WH67QWFVXRR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LNC6E5ZCTZ422J7WH67QWFVXRR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T15:54:03Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/LNC6E5ZCTZ422J7WH67QWFVXRR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/LNC6E5ZCTZ422J7WH67QWFVXRR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/LNC6E5ZCTZ422J7WH67QWFVXRR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LNC6E5ZCTZ422J7WH67QWFVXRR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:LNC6E5ZCTZ422J7WH67QWFVXRR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"279278bd695f2331ad18e62db3afc7ebe925762d3147aa3c3e5f5f92f3a91f6a","cross_cats_sorted":["q-bio.QM","stat.AP"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","submitted_at":"2014-12-30T21:05:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"b334081ec54bed2f16e19e2f9386a19201376fcd8bcdce31719fc9e9a0e08995"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1501.00019","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1501.00019","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1501.00019v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1501.00019","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LNC6E5ZCTZ42","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LNC6E5ZCTZ422J7W","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LNC6E5ZC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:38Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:1e4631dacb0a7fbd514180d9f83ef4529d39023d11da829af5bb303848bbd9dc","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:30:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This article shows how 3D geometric morphometric data can be analyzed using newly developed distance-based evolutionary tree inference methods, with extensions to planar graphs. Application of these methods to 3D representations of the skullcap (calvaria) of 13 diverse skulls in the genus Homo, ranging from Homo erectus (ergaster) at about 1.6 mya, all the way forward to modern humans, yields a remarkably clear phylogenetic tree. Various evolutionary hypotheses are tested. Results of these tests include rejection of the monophyly of Homo heidelbergensis, the Multi-Regional hypothesis, and the ","authors_text":"Peter J. Waddell","cross_cats":["q-bio.QM","stat.AP"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","submitted_at":"2014-12-30T21:05:27Z","title":"Extended Distance-based Phylogenetic Analyses Applied to 3D Homo Fossil Skull Evolution"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1501.00019","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e02292cf3a437be3216a8773ee9ef4e858d7943b121eb5d9afdd702fc8c76cd4","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:30:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"279278bd695f2331ad18e62db3afc7ebe925762d3147aa3c3e5f5f92f3a91f6a","cross_cats_sorted":["q-bio.QM","stat.AP"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.PE","submitted_at":"2014-12-30T21:05:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"b334081ec54bed2f16e19e2f9386a19201376fcd8bcdce31719fc9e9a0e08995"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1501.00019","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"5b45e277229e79ad27f63fbf0b16b78c52d85af7d3a7d08c815dd3ff192b1ec2","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5b45e277229e79ad27f63fbf0b16b78c52d85af7d3a7d08c815dd3ff192b1ec2","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:30:15.018327Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:30:15.018327Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"TMNtj8q1Q/DuykSeKROLNRk5EaGNXMl4ZYhcplR7msPq1JsIhXnVHwrmHkYFsD7gw6YAJJc86qucyi8FQhz7AQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:30:15.018729Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1501.00019","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e02292cf3a437be3216a8773ee9ef4e858d7943b121eb5d9afdd702fc8c76cd4","sha256:1e4631dacb0a7fbd514180d9f83ef4529d39023d11da829af5bb303848bbd9dc"],"state_sha256":"cf5c117109c1e5da4ef546ac2b64e8281801ae713da37ceee142ab60eb77dd6c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jAIj+ETygREb37VEnXdo9dzVT8bKXDVv99+H3GjmAp0plsxGYwQpqs3IN5Rd//JbgGm1CQBwn/uZoPLYc1quBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T15:54:03.958363Z","bundle_sha256":"b4bd94955268c73b3cae9cdd841bae9ccc26532763c02017d4a9daf4f38a035b"}}