{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:LNHAD4BG7SNINXEQYPIMV4ZT7V","short_pith_number":"pith:LNHAD4BG","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1511.01280","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2015-11-04T10:46:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"8e811eacd56c789ae72aa192549786cb5a3e3b51d48ec995143afe2677a408c4","abstract_canon_sha256":"dfe8ae1e97e14522b43486efc31c3afb30e7c4956349c475c8f006bb1ab6bd40"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5b4e01f026fc9a86dc90c3d0caf333fd7211ed95abd7d5d2403765f4c80f792a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1511.01280","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1511.01280","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1511.01280v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1511.01280","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LNHAD4BG7SNI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LNHAD4BG7SNINXEQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LNHAD4BG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:29Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:LNHAD4BG7SNINXEQYPIMV4ZT7V","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1511.01280","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2015-11-04T10:46:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"8e811eacd56c789ae72aa192549786cb5a3e3b51d48ec995143afe2677a408c4","abstract_canon_sha256":"dfe8ae1e97e14522b43486efc31c3afb30e7c4956349c475c8f006bb1ab6bd40"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5b4e01f026fc9a86dc90c3d0caf333fd7211ed95abd7d5d2403765f4c80f792a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:47.601535Z","signature_b64":"KmZtFLDb9VGw6F32IKyOX+D0saE6zPfLtTJVuVfM9EUIzR9CQIiwx4NJbFtN95FpKBbss+uRPPnrPlqXgexVCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5b4e01f026fc9a86dc90c3d0caf333fd7211ed95abd7d5d2403765f4c80f792a","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:47.600997Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:47.600997Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1511.01280","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:47Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"J5mbP6tQZIVWx0cnX7XFCQktknoQkFaSdmdSWzvPgpkt4hZcYdKGvlrmFSvf7cv8yZohNV7yRmlJKv3QF5SxDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T22:55:30.457544Z"},"content_sha256":"8fd7879079640d0e5dcc1368fe3a2a097cfb825eb91f727db3fedff839bacd00","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8fd7879079640d0e5dcc1368fe3a2a097cfb825eb91f727db3fedff839bacd00"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:LNHAD4BG7SNINXEQYPIMV4ZT7V","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Study of a bias in the offline evaluation of a recommendation algorithm","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"primary_cat":"cs.IR","authors_text":"Arnaud De Myttenaere (SAMM, B\\'en\\'edicte Le Grand (CRI), Boris Golden (Viadeo), Fabrice Rossi (SAMM), Viadeo)","submitted_at":"2015-11-04T10:46:58Z","abstract_excerpt":"Recommendation systems have been integrated into the majority of large online systems to filter and rank information according to user profiles. It thus influences the way users interact with the system and, as a consequence, bias the evaluation of the performance of a recommendation algorithm computed using historical data (via offline evaluation). This paper describes this bias and discuss the relevance of a weighted offline evaluation to reduce this bias for different classes of recommendation algorithms."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1511.01280","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:47Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"c1C9M1YgLxxtfOdj9864wOEuI9g++2cfHDFgcoxZsdHI78ml3gatPJZO3ZQshsqVrtdp41wWYsdE5tqDIvmlBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T22:55:30.458227Z"},"content_sha256":"b352f56012d900bc652c0864a64e16aedd4bef639c9638a4f9bba69615dd5809","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b352f56012d900bc652c0864a64e16aedd4bef639c9638a4f9bba69615dd5809"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LNHAD4BG7SNINXEQYPIMV4ZT7V/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LNHAD4BG7SNINXEQYPIMV4ZT7V/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LNHAD4BG7SNINXEQYPIMV4ZT7V/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T22:55:30Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/LNHAD4BG7SNINXEQYPIMV4ZT7V","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/LNHAD4BG7SNINXEQYPIMV4ZT7V/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/LNHAD4BG7SNINXEQYPIMV4ZT7V/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LNHAD4BG7SNINXEQYPIMV4ZT7V/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:LNHAD4BG7SNINXEQYPIMV4ZT7V","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"dfe8ae1e97e14522b43486efc31c3afb30e7c4956349c475c8f006bb1ab6bd40","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2015-11-04T10:46:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"8e811eacd56c789ae72aa192549786cb5a3e3b51d48ec995143afe2677a408c4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1511.01280","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1511.01280","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1511.01280v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1511.01280","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LNHAD4BG7SNI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LNHAD4BG7SNINXEQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LNHAD4BG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:29Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b352f56012d900bc652c0864a64e16aedd4bef639c9638a4f9bba69615dd5809","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:47Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Recommendation systems have been integrated into the majority of large online systems to filter and rank information according to user profiles. It thus influences the way users interact with the system and, as a consequence, bias the evaluation of the performance of a recommendation algorithm computed using historical data (via offline evaluation). This paper describes this bias and discuss the relevance of a weighted offline evaluation to reduce this bias for different classes of recommendation algorithms.","authors_text":"Arnaud De Myttenaere (SAMM, B\\'en\\'edicte Le Grand (CRI), Boris Golden (Viadeo), Fabrice Rossi (SAMM), Viadeo)","cross_cats":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2015-11-04T10:46:58Z","title":"Study of a bias in the offline evaluation of a recommendation algorithm"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1511.01280","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8fd7879079640d0e5dcc1368fe3a2a097cfb825eb91f727db3fedff839bacd00","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:47Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"dfe8ae1e97e14522b43486efc31c3afb30e7c4956349c475c8f006bb1ab6bd40","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2015-11-04T10:46:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"8e811eacd56c789ae72aa192549786cb5a3e3b51d48ec995143afe2677a408c4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1511.01280","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"5b4e01f026fc9a86dc90c3d0caf333fd7211ed95abd7d5d2403765f4c80f792a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5b4e01f026fc9a86dc90c3d0caf333fd7211ed95abd7d5d2403765f4c80f792a","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:47.600997Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:47.600997Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"KmZtFLDb9VGw6F32IKyOX+D0saE6zPfLtTJVuVfM9EUIzR9CQIiwx4NJbFtN95FpKBbss+uRPPnrPlqXgexVCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:47.601535Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1511.01280","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8fd7879079640d0e5dcc1368fe3a2a097cfb825eb91f727db3fedff839bacd00","sha256:b352f56012d900bc652c0864a64e16aedd4bef639c9638a4f9bba69615dd5809"],"state_sha256":"bce1c97d2bc9e587ecccfefa99a5235a0e199a1116d4e918716518e14d44a9b4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zwkTr6/gCD3PIxEuDGAniJJJYN1qh/A9UE+onpuDQwmRNQyNB/Nj3VNuUX99IagIfPZsTnTb4NPSuj8DhILJDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T22:55:30.462018Z","bundle_sha256":"3383f2269c7382b86908b1fa34de5429a48cebad647cc42ac8fdb689e9f11aec"}}